1、The Subject ClauseThe Subject Clause 主语从句 基本概念 在在主从主从复合句中充当主语的句子，复合句中充当主语的句子， 叫做叫做主语从句。主语从句。 结构：“主语从句（引导词结构：“主语从句（引导词+ +主语主语+ + 谓语谓语.）+ +谓语动词谓语动词+ +句子其它句子其它.” eg. eg. What he said is of great importance. 他所说的很重要。 引导词/连接词 1. that 本身无词义，在从句中不作成分， 只起连接作用，但不可省略。 That smoking is harmful to health is know
2、n to everyone. 吸烟有害健康，这是大家都知道的。 引导词/连接词 2. whether/if 意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分， 起连接作用，不可省略。 Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown. =It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out. 这个计划是否会实施还不知道。 引导词/连接词 3. 连接代词(who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever
3、) 等引导主语从句，在从句中可以做主语、 宾语、表语或定语。 What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation . what 在从句作主语 去太空旅行所需要的就是仔细的准备。 引导词/连接词 3. 连接代词(who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever) 等引导主语从句，在从句 中可以做主语、宾语、表语或定语。 What they want is a good book. what 在从句作主语 他们想要的就是一本好书。 用it做形式主语
4、的主语从句 1.为了避免主语显得过长, 可以用it 作 为 句子的主语,把主语从句移到句子的末尾。 用it做形式主语的主语从句 用it作形式主语的常见句型有: (1)It+be+形容词+that从句 常用于该句型的形容词有 clear, obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, certain, fortunate, strange, necessary, important等。 It is clear that the girl told a lie. 很明显,那个女孩说了谎。 (2)It+be+名词(词组)+that从句 常用于该句型的名词(词组)
5、: a pity, a shame, goodnews, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等。 It is a pity that your parents didnt permit you to go with us. 你父母不允许你和我们一起去,真遗憾。 It is no wonder that youve achieved such a great success. 难怪你取得了这么大的成功。 (3)1t+be+过去分词+that从句 常用于该句型的过去分词有said, believed, reported , thought, expecte
6、d, decided, announced, suggested, hoped等。 It is reported that a violent earthquake happened in Japan. 据报道，日本发生了强烈地震。 【误区警示】 当过去分词是suggested， ordered， required， advised，requested， insisted等表示建议、要 求、命令等的词时， 主语从句应使用虚拟语 气， 即谓语动词用“(should+) 动词原形”. It is suggested that the work(should) be done with great
7、care. 有人建议， 这项工作得特别谨慎地去做。 (4) It+不及物动词(短语) +that从句 常用于该句型的不及物动词(短语) 有seem(看 上去) ，tum out(证明是) ， happen(碰巧) ， appear(显得) 等。 It happened that he was out that day. 碰巧他那天不在家。 It turned out that we were wrong. 结果是我们错了。 (5)其他句型 It doesnt matter whether he likes it or not. 他喜不喜欢它都没有关系。 It makes no differen
8、ce whether you support my plan or not. 你是否支持我的计划不重要。 It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my purse at home. 我突然想起我把钱包落在家里了。 使用主语从句的注意事项 (1)主语从句应用陈述语序 Whether he will be in time for the meeting is doubtful. 他能否赶上会议还很难说。 (2)主谓一致问题 单个从句作主语时， 谓语动词一般用单数。 但what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词 的数应与作表语的名词一致。 When we
9、shall have our sports meeting has not been decided. 我们何时开运动会还没定下来。 What astronauts need in the spaceship is oxygen. 宇航员在宇宙飞船中需要的是氧气。 (2)主谓一致问题 用and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主 语时， 谓语动词用复数；由两个或两个以上 连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will set off and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们何时动身，要去哪里，还没定下来。 W
10、hen and where the meeting will be held has not been decided yet. 会议将在何时何地举行还没定下来。 (2)主谓一致问题 whether引导的主语从句， 如果用了形式主 语it， 引导词whether可以换成if。如果whether 从句在句首或后面直接跟or not时， 不能换成if。 It has not been decided yet whether/if he will cut down his novel. =Whether he will cut down his novel has not been decided
11、yet. 他是否删减自己的小说还没决定。 I dont know whether or not my son can earn his living我不知道儿子是否能自力更生。 巩固练习 1. was that you had a strong teamwork spirit. 我们最欣赏的是你们有很强的团队精神。 2. has not been announced. 飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。 What we appreciated most When the plane is to take off 1. remains an unanswered question. 2. is an im
12、portant topic for us to research. 3. is that these chemicals even cause cancer. 4. these vegetables can even be planted without any soil through this new technology. 5. is the reason why some people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city. 1. 1. remains an unanswered remains an unanswe
13、red question. question. 2. 2. is an important topic for is an important topic for us to research. us to research. 3. 3. is that these chemicals is that these chemicals even cause cancer.even cause cancer. 4. 4. these vegetables can even these vegetables can even be planted without any soil be plante
14、d without any soil through this new technology. through this new technology. 5. 5. is the reason why some is the reason why some people prefer to live in the people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city.country rather than in the city. D D C C A A E E B B 1.1. When these wheat farmer
15、s will When these wheat farmers will join this pilot experiment join this pilot experiment remains an unanswered question. remains an unanswered question. 这些种植小麦的农民什么时候会加这些种植小麦的农民什么时候会加 入试点仍然不得而知。入试点仍然不得而知。 2. 2. How we can find suitable How we can find suitable solution to produce sufficient soluti
16、on to produce sufficient food while keeping the environment food while keeping the environment safe safe is an important topic for us is an important topic for us to research. to research. 如何能够找到一个合适的解决办法，如何能够找到一个合适的解决办法， 在保证环境安全的同时，生产足够的粮在保证环境安全的同时，生产足够的粮 食，是一个需要我们研究的重要课题。食，是一个需要我们研究的重要课题。 3. 3. Wh
17、at worries many people What worries many people is that is that these chemicals even cause cancer.these chemicals even cause cancer. 令很多人担心的是，这些化学制品甚令很多人担心的是，这些化学制品甚 至可能导致癌症。至可能导致癌症。 4. 4. It amazed all of us that It amazed all of us that these these vegetables can even be planted vegetables can eve
18、n be planted without any soil through this new without any soil through this new technology.technology. 令我们所有人惊讶的是，通过这种新令我们所有人惊讶的是，通过这种新 技术，可以无土栽培这些蔬菜。技术，可以无土栽培这些蔬菜。 5. 5. That the lifestyle is slower and That the lifestyle is slower and healthier healthier is the reason why some is the reason why s
19、ome people prefer to live in the people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city.country rather than in the city. 有些人更喜欢住在乡下而非城市的有些人更喜欢住在乡下而非城市的 原因是前者生活节奏更慢、生活方式更原因是前者生活节奏更慢、生活方式更 健康。健康。 3. Grandma has been complaining about Grandma has been complaining about the vegetables sold in the
20、the vegetables sold in the supermarket. which have been grown supermarket. which have been grown using chemical fertilisers. To her, using chemical fertilisers. To her, that they look beautiful on the that they look beautiful on the outside is obviousoutside is obvious. However, . However, what what
21、 she is unhappyshe is unhappy about is the lower about is the lower nutritional value and reduced nutritional value and reduced flavour. Now that both of my flavour. Now that both of my grandparents have retired from their grandparents have retired from their jobs in the city, jobs in the city, 3. h
22、ow they are going to spend their how they are going to spend their retirement retirement is an important is an important decision for them. decision for them. Whether they Whether they can live healthy life can live healthy life is the first is the first thing they are considering. So thing they are considering. So they have made up their minds to they have made up their minds to move to the countryside, where move to the countryside, where they can live a green life.they can live a green life.
