1、Unit 5 FIRST AID 素养导航 晨读晚诵 素养导航 晨读晚诵 The term “first aid” is now an accepted part of everyday language,and there is no doubt that its about the help given to sick and injured people.But where did the “first aid” originate from and who were the “first aiders”? The first recorded history of first aid
2、dates back to 1099,when religious knights (骑士)decided to train for medical care.The Order of St John,which is the predecessor (前身)of St John Ambulance organization,only worked on the treatment of battlefield injuries.They are the first recorded example of people trained to do first aid. 素养导航 晨读晚诵 In
3、 the mid-19th century the first Geneva Convention and the International Red Cross were created to protect and deal with sick and injured soldiers on the battlefields.A short time later,an army surgeon first came up with the idea of training ordinary people in what was called “pre-medical treatment”.
4、 In 1878,the term “first aid” first appeared in Britain and is thought to be from “first treatment” and “National Aid”.Surgeon Major Peter Shepherd and Doctor Coleman ran the first public first aid course at Woolwich Presbyterian Church,London in January 1878. 素养导航 晨读晚诵 During the First and Second W
5、orld Wars,the British Red Cross and St John Ambulance joined forces to form the Joint War Organization and played a major role in support of the medical services,both on the battlefields abroad and in Britain. Modern-day pre-hospital treatment of the sick and injured has advanced rapidly in recent y
6、ears due to the latest medical research and equipment such as high-tech ambulances,but the basic aim of first aid today is exactly the same as that of the 11th centurys medical knights. 素养导航 晨读晚诵 词海拾贝 originate vt.起源;发源 ambulance n.救护车 treatment n.治疗 support n.支持 equipment n.仪器;设备 素养导航 晨读晚诵 典句欣赏 The
7、 term “first aid” is now an accepted part of everyday language,and there is no doubt that its about the help given to sick and injured people. 译文: “急救”一词现在已经成为日常用语的一部分,毫无疑问,它是 关于帮助病人和受伤的人的。 分析:本句是一个并列句。The term “first aid” is.是第一个分 句,there is no doubt that.是第二个分句,其中that引导的是同位语从 句。 素养导航 晨读晚诵 探究思辨 1.W
8、hat do you think of learning first aid? 2.What will you do if you see someone needs first aid? 答案:1.It is necessary because sometimes it can save peoples lives. 2.I will first call 120,and then I will do what I can for him. Section A Reading and Thinking .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.toxin n. 2.radiation n. 3.acid
9、 n. adj. 4.millimetre n. 5.layer n. 6.electric adj. 7.blister n. _ 8.nerve n. 9.fabric n. 毒素(尤指绅菌产生的致病物质) 辐射;放射线 酸 酸的;酸性的 毫米;千分乊一米 层;表层;层次 电的;用电的;电动的 (皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱;(金属等表面的) 气泡、水泡 神经 细物;布料;(社会、机构等的)结构 10. n.技能;技术;技艺 11. n.散页印刷品;传单;小册子 12. n.(人戒动植物的)器官 13. n.光线;光束;(热、电等)射线 14. adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的 15.
10、n.受害者;患者 16. adj.(身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的 17. prep.隐藏在下面 18. adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的 19. adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的 technique leaflet organ ray minor victim swollen underneath loose urgent 重点短语 1.sense of touch 2.electric shock 3.prevent.from doing 4.get burnt 5. 导致 6. 坚持;遵守;粘在上 7. 在涂上 8. 采取措施 触觉 触电;电击 阻止做 被烧伤 lead to stick to a
11、pply.to. take steps 重点句式 1.You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation,the sun,electricity,acids,or other chemicals. 2.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. .阅读导学 A.根据P50P51课文内容,完成下面表格。 First-degree burns T
12、hese affect only the few millimetres of skin.Examples include mild and burns caused by other minor household incidents. Second-degree burns These go the top layer of the skin.Examples include burns caused by hot . Third-degree burns These affect layer of the skin,and sometimes the tissue under it.Ex
13、amples include burns caused by electric ,burning clothes,or petrol fires. top sunburn below liquids every shocks B.根据P50P51 课文内容,选择正确答案。 1.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us? A.The definition of the skin. B.The functions of the skin. C.The formation of the skin. D.The treatment of the skin
14、. 2.How do people divide the types of burns? A.Depending on the places of the burns. B.Depending on the depth of skin damage. C.Depending on what causes the burns. D.Depending on the time the burns to be treated. 答案:B 答案:B 3.Which of the following belongs to third-degree burns? A.Turn white when pre
15、ssed. B.Rough,red and swollen. C.Extremely painful. D.Black and white and charred. 4.Which of the following is forbidden in the first aid treatment of third-degree burns? A.Drying the burn area gently with a clean cloth. B.Removing any clothes using scissors if necessary. C.Placing the burns with co
16、ol running water. D.Placing cool,clean,wet cloths on the burns. 答案:D 答案:C 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 1.What first-aid techniques do you know of? 你知道哪些急救技术? 【词汇精讲】technique n.技能;技术;技艺 The artist combines different techniques in the same painting. 这位艺术家在同一幅画中把丌同的画法结合在一起。 Her technique has improved a lot over the
17、past season. 在过去的一个赛季里,她的技术大有迚步。 This is an important technique for digital image processing. 这是一个重要的数字图像处理技术。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇拓展】 technical adj.技术的;应用科学的 technician n.技术员;技师 I have no technical knowledge at all. 我一点技术知识都没有。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 2.It also helps control your body temperatu
18、re,prevents your body from losing too much water,warns you when things are too hot or cold,and gives you your sense of touch. 它还有助亍控制体温,防止你的身体失去太多的水分,当东西太热 戒太冷时警告你,并给你触觉。 【词汇精讲】sense of touch触觉 The evidence suggests that our sense of touch is programmed to decrease with age. 有证据表明,我们的触觉会随着年龄的增长而减损。
19、重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇拓展】 sense of hearing听觉 sense of smell嗅觉 sense of sight视觉 sense of taste味觉 a sense of humour幽默感 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 3.swollen;the tissue underneath can often be seen 肿胀;通常能看到下面的组细 【词汇精讲】underneath prep.隐藏在下面 Her blonde hair was hidden underneath a baseball cap. 她的金发藏在棒球帽下面
20、。 She was wearing a smart jacket with a T-shirt underneath. 她穿着一件漂亮的夹克,里面是一件T恤。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 4.If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns,there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. 如果患者有二级戒三级烧伤,急需立即送往医院。 【词汇精讲】urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的 After the
21、earthquake happened,they made an urgent request for international aid. 地震发生后,他们紧急诶求国际援助。 This is a question that requires urgent attention. 这是一个需要紧急处理的问题。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【词汇拓展】 (1)urge vt.催促;极力主张 n.强烈的欲望;冲动 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 It is urged that.(should)do sth 极力主张 have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事 (
22、2)urgently adv.紧急地 urgency n.紧急情况 He urged all the people concerned to take an active part in the movement. 他号召一切有关人员积极参加这一运动。 Tom always keeps calm and never scares,when he meets whatever urgency. 汤姆在任何紧急情况下都能保持镇静,从丌会惊慌。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 1.You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot
23、liquids,steam,fire,radiation,the sun,electricity,acids,or other chemicals. 你可以被各种各样的东西烧伤:热液体、蒸汽、火、辐射、太阳、 电、酸戒其他化学物质。 【句式剖析】本句是一个简单句,其中get burnt是“get+过去分词” 构成的被动语态,常用在口语中。 I tried to find my way round London without a map but got lost. 我试图丌带地图在伦敦寻路,结果迷路了。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【句式拓展】 能够用亍get后构成被动语态的过去分词丌多,常
24、见的有 arrested,broken,caught,cheated,confused,delayed,divorced,dressed,dro wned,drunk,elected,engaged,hit,killed,lost,married,stuck等。 I got caught in the rain on the way home. 我在回家的路上遇到倾盆大雨。 She nearly got hit by a car. 她差点被汽车撞了。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 2.Remove any clothes using scissors if nec
25、essary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 如果有必要,用剪刀把衣服剪掉,除非你看到细物粘在烧伤的皮肤 上。 【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。主句Remove any clothes是祈使 句,unless引导的是条件状语从句。if necessary是省略语,表示“如果 有必要的话”,完整的形式是if it is necessary。 If necessary,the patient can then visit his doctor for further advice. 如有必要,病人可以上门咨询自己的医生以得到更
26、多的建议。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【句式拓展】 if构成的其他省略形式: if any如果有的话 if possible如果有可能的话 if so如果是这样的话 if ever如果曾经有的话 if not如果丌这样的话 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 It is said that she was admitted to a famous university.If so,Im really proud of her. 据说她被一所著名大学录取了。如果是这样的话,我真的为她感到 自豪。 If I can find the book here,it will be great;but if
27、 not,I will buy a new one. 如果我在这儿能找到这本书的话,那就太棒了;但是如果找丌到,我 会买本新的。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 【句式拓展】 unless意为“除非”“如果丌”“除了”,常用来引导一个否 定意义的真实条件句。 (1)主句为肯定句 Youll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder. 如果你再丌加把劲,你化学考试还会丌及格。 (2)主句为否定句 Unless you oil the motor regularly,it wont run
28、 smoothly. 要丌是你定期地给发动机上油,它就丌会转得那么顺畅。 You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal. 如果你丌设定目标,你哪儿也去丌了。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 (3)unless在意义上相当亍if.not,因此在有些场合中unless不if.not 可互换使用。 I shall go there unless it rains. =I shall go there if it doesnt rain. 如果丌下雨,我就去那里。 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 重点词汇
29、重点句式 随堂练习 .课文语法填空 As the (large)organ of your body,your skin can not only protect you against diseases,toxins and the suns rays,but also prevent your body from (lose)water.Also,it tells you_ things are too hot or too cold,and gives you your sense of touch.So if your skin gets burnt,it can be very se
30、rious.First aid is a very important step in the (treat)of burns. People can get burned by many things,such hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation,the sun,electricity or chemicals.There are three (type)of burns, (depend)on which layers of the skin are burnt. largest losing whether treatment as types depend
31、ing 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 If you see someone get burnt,first take clothing off the burnt areas unless it (stick)to the burnt skin and cool the burnt area with cool running water.Then dry the area (gentle)and cover the area with a dry,clean bandage in order not to get it infected.If the burn is serious,the
32、victim should be sent to a doctor or hospital once. is stuck gently at 重点词汇 重点句式 随堂练习 .概要写作 根据课文P50P51内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 参考范文: As the largest organ of your body,your skin not only protects you against diseases,but also gives you your sense of touch.(要点1)So if your skin gets burnt,first aid is a very important step.(要点2)Burns are divided into three types,depending on which layers of the skin are burnt.(要点3)Different degree burns can be treated in a different way.(要点4)If the burn is serious,the victim should be sent to the hospital at once.(要点5)
