1、Section D Using Language() 保证;奉献 4. n.动机;原因;目的 (人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段;插曲 孔子学说;儒家(学说) commitment motive 重点短语 1. 生火 2. 放出(热、光、气味或气体) 3. 远航 4. 在前面 5. 感到绝望 6.cheer sb up 7.make sb ill 8.pay back 9.in good spirits 10.sign up for make fire give off sail away ahead of feel desperate 使振奋起来 使某人生病 偿还;回报 良好的心态 报名参加
2、 重点句式 1.What if they were delayed? 2.If it werent for sea animals,we would all starve. .阅读导学 A.阅读P44-P45课文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。 1.The sailors wondered whether Shackleton would return to find them. 2.The sailors did all they could to stay alive on Elephant Island. 3.It was quite easy to find food on Elephan
3、t Island. 4.Wearing too many clothes was very safe on the island. 5.The sailors believed in Shackleton who helped them persevere in staying alive. 答案 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T B.根据P44-P45课文内容,选择正确答案。 1.What can we know about the sailors from the first paragraph? A.They had mixed feelings at the time. B.Th
4、ey were sure they would be saved. C.They had no faith in Shackleton. D.They all wanted to go with Shackleton. 2.What was the most important thing for the sailors on Elephant Island? A.Making fire. B.Finding trees. C.Getting oil. D.Surviving. 答案 A 答案 D 3.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A.T
5、he shortage of food and vegetables. B.The effects of the changing weather. C.The spread of illnesses there. D.The clothes they wore. 4.Which of the following best describes Shackleton? A.He was a warm-hearted man. B.He was a man of his word. C.He was a generous man. D.He was a mean man. 答案 B 答案 B 重点
6、词汇 1.It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them. 很容易想象他们面临的危险。 【词汇精讲】 ahead of在前面 There were still four people ahead of me in the long queue.在长长的 队里还有四个人排在我前面。 London is about five hours ahead of New York. 伦敦时间比纽约时间早五小时左右。 【词汇拓展】 ahead of schedule/time提前 They made up their minds to finish the w
7、ork ahead of schedule/time. 他们决定提前完成工作。 2.But how could we make fire? 但是,我们如何生火? 【词汇精讲】 make fire生火 He has to learn how to collect water,hunt for food,and make fire. 他必须学会怎样取水,怎样猎取食物和生火。 Did you know that you can make fire from ice? 你知道你能用冰生火吗? 【词汇拓展】 be on fire 失火 set fire to 放火烧 put outthe fire 灭火
8、 catchfire 着火 Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles were on fire. 很多人受了伤,多辆车起火。 When the theatre caught fire,there was a panic. 剧院失火引起一阵恐慌。 3.This gave off oily,black smoke,but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 它散发出油性的黑烟,但即使在强风下也会继续燃烧。 【词汇精讲】 give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) If plastic and
9、 rubber are burnt,theyll give off poisonous gases. 要是塑料和橡胶被焚,就会放出有毒气体。 Fireflies give off flashes of light when they fly at night. 萤火虫夜间飞行时会发光。 【词汇拓展】 give in 屈服;投降;让步;上交 give in to 向让步 give away 分发;赠送;泄露 give out 分发;用完;耗尽 give up 放弃 He was about to give up when a good idea began to form in his mind
10、. 他正要放弃时有了一个好主意。 I gave away my collection of stamps to the little boy. 我把我收集的邮票送给了那个小男孩。 4.And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 他用承诺来回报我们,让我们免于缓慢而痛苦的死亡。 【词汇精讲】 commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献 We made a commitment to keep working together. 我们承诺继续合作。 Our commitment wi
11、ll be of the highest order. 我们一诺千金。 【词汇拓展】 make a commitment 做出承诺 commit.犯错;承诺 commit oneself to (doing) sth 专心致志于;承诺/保 证(做)某事 committed.尽心尽力的;尽责的;效忠的;坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth 承诺/全身心地投入(做) 某事 I think I would rather not commit myself to going with you. 我想我不愿答应跟你一起去。 He committed an unforgivabl
12、e error in handling this business. 他在处理这一业务时犯了一个不可原谅的错误。 The government is committed to greatly developing education in the country. 政府决心要大力发展本国的教育事业。 重点句式 1.What if they were delayed? 如果他们被耽搁了呢? 【句式剖析】What if.?“即使又怎样/倘若将会怎样?”,常 用来表示假定或假设。 What if I stick my head out of the window? 如果我把头伸出窗外会怎么样? Th
13、e train is due to arrive at 12 sharp. What if we cant get to the station on time? 火车预计12点整到达。 如果我们不能按时到达车站怎么办? 【句式拓展】 (1)What if.还可用来表示建议或要求。 What if.表示邀请或建议时,意思是“如果怎么样”“如果如 何”。 What if you join us for lunch? 同我们一起吃午饭怎么样? What if we moved the sofa over here?Would that look better? 要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样?看
14、上去会不会好一些? (2)常与so连用,意为“就算那又怎样?” So what if were a little late? 就算我们迟到一会儿那又怎样? So what if nobody else agrees with me? 就算没有一个人赞成我的意见,那又怎么样? 【温馨提示】若句意清楚,so what if.有时可省略成so what? Someone will see you doing it. So what? 会有人看见你做这事的。 看见又怎样? 2.If it werent for sea animals,we would all starve. 如果不是海洋动物,我们都会
15、挨饿。 【句式剖析】本句是一个含有虚拟条件句的复合句。we would all starve是主句,if引导的是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。 If I knew his telephone number,I would ring him up. 我要是知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了。 【句式拓展】 虚拟语气的用法如下: 时间 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 将来 一般过去时 (be用were) would/should/might/could+动词原形 现在 一般过去时 (be用were) would/should/might/could+动词原形 过去 过去完成时 would/should/
16、might/could have+ 过 去分词 If there were no subjective mood,English would be much easier. 要是没有虚拟语气,英语就会容易多了。 If it rained tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off. 要是明天下雨,运动会就推迟。 If I had seen the film,I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我就把电影内容告诉你了。 文化意识 Perce Blackborow Perce Blackborow is one
17、 of the most interesting and colourful members of the expedition in that he never should have been on board the Endurance in the first place and was a stowaway(偷渡者) probably the only one ever on an Antarctic expedition. In 1914 he found himself far from home in Buenos Aires without a ship.He met and
18、 befriended an American sailor,William Bakewell,who was in the same situation.When the Endurance sailed into port and three of the crew were sacked(解雇),the two men thought their problems were solved.They both applied for positions on board.Shackleton interviewed them both and Bakewell was accepted w
19、hile Blackborow was not due to his age and lack of experience. He was smuggled(偷渡) on board with the help of Bakewell and hidden in a locker where his two friends would take food for him on a regular basis.He was eventually discovered when the Endurance was three days out of port.Shackleton was unha
20、ppy at him being there,but realised he had no choice and offered him a position of steward. Blackborow was quiet,quick witted and well liked.He also came to prove himself however as a very conscientious(认真的) sailor. On the boat journey from where the Endurance sank to Elephant Island,Blackborow made
21、 the mistake of wearing leather rather than the cold-weather felt boots that the other men wore and as a result developed frost-bite(冻伤) in his toes that then turned very serious.Shackleton realised that Blackborow was suffering on this journey and gave him the honour of being the first person to se
22、t foot upon Elephant Island.When they arrived,he was unable to walk ashore and had to crawl through the surf.Shortly afterwards,he had all of the toes on his left foot cut off by the surgeons Macklin and McIllroy. Perce Blackborow became assistant to the expedition cook,first aboard ship and on the
23、ice,working from early morning till evening,preparing meals for 28 hungry men. When on the ice,they cooked on a stove that was heated by burning seal or penguin blubber,a very smoky fuel which gave them permanently blackened faces and earned them the nicknames of “Potash and Perlmutter”. 高分写作 假定你是李华
24、,你们学校英语网站邀请你撰写一篇介绍著名探险家 欧内斯特 沙克尔顿的文章刊登在网站上。要点如下: 姓名 欧内斯特 沙克尔顿 出生日期 1874.2.15 评价 著名探险家 主要经历 (1)10岁时随家人搬到伦敦; (2)1901年加入南极探险,因病被遣送回家; (3)他带领船队(“坚忍”号)横跨南极远征,途中船沉, 被困冰面数月后获救; (4)1922年1月5日,因心脏病在另一次南极探险途中 去世。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:跨南极远征the Trans-Antarctic Expedition 一、审题定调 1.确定体裁:本次写作是人物介绍,
25、介绍著名探险家欧内斯特 沙克 尔顿的生平; 2.确定人称:本文要用第三人称; 3.确定时态:以一般过去时为主。 二、谋篇布局 本文属于记叙文,写作时可按照时间顺序来布局。 首先:介绍探险家的童年; 其次:介绍探险家的探险过程; 最后:人们的评价。 三、核心词汇 1.be born in/into.出生于 2.due to his illness由于疾病 3.devoted to致力于 4.drift on漂移 5.suffer a heart attack患心脏病 6.be regarded as被认为是 四、高级句式 1.沙克尔顿在伦敦长大, 10岁时他的家人搬到了那里。(where引导 的
26、定语从句) Shackleton was raised in London,where his family moved when he was 10. 2.1901年参加了一次南极探险,但由于生病,他很早就被送回了家。 (due to) He joined an expedition to the Antarctica in 1901,but was sent home early due to his illness. 3.他致力于探索南极,领导了跨南极远征。(devoted to作状语) Devoted to exploring the Antarctica,he led the Tra
27、ns-Antarctic Expedition. 4.沙克尔顿最终救出了他的船员,他们都活了下来。(“代词+of+关 系代词”引导的定语从句) Shackleton eventually rescued his crew,all of whom survived. 5.1922年1月5日,在另一次南极探险时,沙克尔顿因心脏病发作而在 船上去世。 On January 5,1922,Shackleton suffered a heart attack on his ship and died while setting out on another Antarctic expedition. 五
28、、连句成文 参考范文 Ernest Shackleton Ernest Shackleton was born on February 15,1874 in Ireland and he was raised in London,where his family moved when Shackleton was 10.He joined an expedition to the Antarctica in 1901,but was sent home early due to his illness.Devoted to exploring the Antarctica,he led the
29、 Trans-Antarctic Expedition.Disaster struck when his ship,the Endurance,was crushed by ice.He and his crew drifted on sheets of ice for months until they reached Elephant Island.Shackleton eventually rescued his crew,all of whom survived.On January 5,1922,Shackleton suffered a heart attack on his sh
30、ip and died while setting out on another Antarctic expedition.Ernest Shackleton was regarded as one of the most famous explorers in the world. .课文语法填空 When we watched Shackleton and the boat sailed away 1 Elephant Island,we felt low and 2 (discourage).But it was not for long.A good dinner and some m
31、usic made us 3 (cheer) again.Life fell into a regular pattern for us.We had to find food and 4 (drink) water and also had to deal with the changing temperature. 5 twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months.We were 6 (luck) that our group worked hard to show an admirable mental atti
32、tude and dealt with our ever-present fear 7 a positive and successful way.When we were 8 (final) rescued,we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.It was our 9 (optimistic) and faith in Shackleton that had helped us persevere in staying alive.And he paid us back by his com
33、mitment 10 (save) us from a slow but painful death. 答案 1.from 2.discouraged 3.cheerful 4.drinking 5.The 6.lucky 7.in 8.finally 9.optimism 10.to save .概要写作 根据课本P44-P45内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 参考范文 Left behind,as Shackleton and the boat sailed away,we felt low and discouraged.(要点1)But soon we cheered up again.(要点2) As there were no food and water on the island,we had to struggle to stay alive in the extreme weather and deal with the difficulties positively and successfully.(要点3) Our optimism and faith in Shackleton paid us back and we were finally rescued four months later.(要点4)
