1、人教版(2019)英语高一下学期培优训练卷 选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement 第第一一部分部分 阅读理解（共两节）阅读理解（共两节） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项。 A Mary Lyon was a leader in womens education in the nineteenth century. It was a time when womens education was not considered important in the United States. States did re
2、quire each town to provide a school for children, but there were not enough teachers. Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and music. Mary Lyon felt that womens education was extremel
3、y important. She believed women were teachers both in the home and in the classroom. Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland. She suggested new ways of teaching, including holding discussion groups for students. Then, Mary began to raise money for her dream school for the hig
4、her education of women. This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors. Its finances would be the responsibility of the directors. It would not depend on any one person to continue. And, the students would share in cleaning and cooking to keep costs down. In 1837
5、, Mary Lyon opened Mount Holyoke Seminary for Women. In 1893, 44 years after her death, under a state law, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary became the first college to offer women the same kind of education as men. Marys efforts led to the spread of higher education for women in the United States. Her
6、influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others. 1What was American womens problem with education in the 19th century? ATeachers were careless about teaching. BThey had few choices about the subjects. CThe government paid no attention to education. DThey had no chance
7、 to continue their education. 2What can we learn from Paragraph 2? AMary thought little of womens education. BMary preferred women to be educated at home. CMary attached importance to womens education. DGroup discussions were not held in Marys school. 3What was Marys dream school like? AIt would hav
8、e very strict rules. BIt would be independent in finance. CIt would be owned by the government. DIt would depend on some important person. 4Why is Mary still remembered by Americans? AShe set up the first college. BShe made women equal to men. CShe helped to pass American education law. DShe improve
9、d American womens education. B Marian Wright Edelman, an American lawyer, educator and childrens rights activist, was born on June 6, 1939 in South Carolina, one of five children. Her father Arthur Wright was a preacher (牧师) who died when she was only 14 years old. In his last words to her, he advis
10、ed her not to “let anything get in the way of your education.” After high school, Edelman went on to study at Spelman College and later traveled to the Soviet Union. When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans t
11、o enter the Foreign Service and study law instead. In 1973, Edelman set up the Childrens Defense Fund as a voice for poor and disabled children. She served as a public speaker on behalf of these children. During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved t
12、o Washington, D Cto marry him and to work for social justice in the center of Americas political scene. The couple had three sons: Joshua, Jonah and Ezra. Jonah is the founder of Stand for Children, a group that promotes childrens education, and Ezra is a documentary (记录片) filmmaker who won an Emmy
13、for his film “O.J.: Made in America.” Edelman is the author of many books for children and adults. Her titles for readers include Im your child, God: Prayers for Our Children, Guide My Feet: Prayers and Meditations for Our Children, Lanterns: A Memoir of Mentors, and The Measure of Our Success: A Le
14、tter to My Children and Yours, which was a surprising success. 5What do we know about Edelmans family? AShe was the single child. BHer mother was a preacher. CThey took education seriously. DThe family had a poor life. 6Why did Edelman drop her plan to enter the Foreign Service? AShe wanted to study
15、 abroad. BShe intended to be a lawyer. 此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 CShe had little time for her work. DShe was interested in civil rights. 7Where did Edelman get married? AIn Washington DC BIn the Soviet Union. CIn South Carolina. DIn Spelman. 8What can be learned about E
16、delmans children? AThey all worked for social justice. BThey achieved something in career. CThey won many awards in their lives. DThey contributed to their mothers books. 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discove
17、ring a new drug for malaria. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.“9 ” China Daily noted. Malaria is a disease that infects around 200 million people and kills about half a million people each year, according to The Economist. Tus discovery has saved millions of lives, es
18、pecially in the developing world. 10 But the road to this achievement was a tough one to travel. In the late 1960s, Tu joined a government project on which she began research on a new malaria drug. At the beginning, Tu read a lot of old folk remedies, searched texts that were hundreds or thousands o
19、f years old and traveled to remote places. Over several months, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and created a list of almost 380 possible remedies. “This was the most challenging stage of the project,”Tu told Beijing News.“It was a very labor-demanding and dull job, in particular when you
20、faced one failure after another.” 11 She and her team tested the remedies on malaria-infected mice. They found that an extract from the plant qinghao seemed to work well. 12 The fact that the extract didnt always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates. But Tu was ambitious to make a
21、contribution to the world and so she encouraged her teammates to keep going. They decided to start again from the beginning. In 1971, they were rewarded for their efforts. After nearly 200 failures, Tu finally made an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites. The extract was
22、called artemisinin（青蒿素）. Thanks to decades of persistence, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these debilitating（削弱）diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually, said the Nobel Prize Committee.“13 ” AIn 2017,an estimated 219 million cases of mala
23、ria occurred worldwide and 435,000 people died, mostly in the African Region. BIt has made a great step forward in this field. CIt is the pride of the whole Chinese science community, which will inspire more Chinese scientists. DNot that the work was easier after that. E. But the hard work and the d
24、ullness failed to break the teams spirit. F. According to the World Health Organization, by 2013 malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with 2000. G. The consequences in terms of improved human health and reduced suffering are immeasurable. 第二部分第二部分 语言运用语言运用（共两节）（共两节） 第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B
25、、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 William Thomson William Thomson was born on 26 June, 1824 in Belfast He was taught by his father, a professor of mathematics. In 1832, the family moved to Glasgow where Thomson attended university at the age of 10, then studied at Cambridge and Paris Universities. In 1846 he
26、 became professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow, a post he 14 for more than 50 years. In Glasgow, Thomson 15 the first physics laboratory in Britain. He was a pioneer in many different 16 , particularly electromagnetism（电磁学） and thermodynamics（热力学）. 17 Faraday, he was responsible for the introduc
27、tion of the concept of an electromagnetic field 18 Thomson developed the work of the 19 of the subject, Nicolas Carnot and James Joule. One of the most 20 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature-the scale based on this is named 21 him. Throughout his work Thomsons main go
28、al was the practical use of science. He achieved 22 through his work on submarine telegraphy, a major practical problem of the day. He was 23 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866，for which he was knighted in 1866. His 24 in marine issues a
29、lso inspired him to develop a mariners compass and 25 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment. He invented many electrical instruments and his house in Glasgow was the first to be 26 by electric light. Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the 27 of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892. The Kelvin w
30、as a small river that flowed near Glasgow University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895. He died on 17 December, 1907, in Ayrshire, Scotland and was 28 in Westminster Abbey. 14Asought Bconfirmed Cheld Dadmired 15Atook up Bbroke up Cset up Dblew up 16Afields Bcountries Clabs
31、Dcolleges 17AIn spite of BExcept for CTogether with DRegardless of 18Awhich Bwhen Chow Dwhere 19Alearners Bpioneers Ccompetitors Dleaders 20Aimportant Bobvious Cfortunate Dpositive 21Afor Bwith Cafter Don 22Awealth Bfame Ccontribution Denthusiasm 23Aconsidered Battracted Cemployed Daccused 24Ahobby
32、Bdesire Csuccess Dinterest 25Aoperate Binvent Ccontrol Dproduce 26Alit Bbuilt Cdecorated Dequipped 27Atitle Bname Chonor Daward 28Aburied Brespected Cadmitted Dpreserved 第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for _29_ (be) Britains oldest full-time e
33、mployee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_30_ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have _31_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year. Picking up her
34、 “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene _32_(declare) she had no plans _33_ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _34_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _35_ becaus
35、e I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We dont have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _36_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _37_ joke. But then
36、 we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its _38_ (wonder).” 第三部分第三部分 写作写作 第一节 应用文书面表达 为了弘扬科学家精神, 丰富学校科技艺术节活动内容, 请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的 科学家。内容包括: 1. 对该人物的简单介绍; 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因; 3. 从其身上得到的启示。 注意: 写作词数应为 80 左右。 _ _ _ _ 第二节 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mrs. Brown, a 56
37、-year-old woman, lived by herself in a trailer park near Clovis. She spent every single minute with Clyde, her 7-year-old cat. He brought much fun to her. In fact, she didnt know how she could go on without him. One day she went shopping with him. Unfortunately, she had her lost because of her carel
38、essness. The rest of the day, she wandered in the mall looking for him but in vain. At last she had to call the police. My baby has been missing, and I want him back so badly, said Mrs. Brown. When the policeman asked her to describe Clyde, she told him that Clyde had beautiful green eyes, had all h
39、is teeth but was missing half of his left ear, and was seven years old and completely white. She then told the officer that Clyde was about a foot high. A bell went off. t4ls Clyde your child or your pet? the officer doubtfully asked. “Well, hes my cat, of course,” Mrs. Brown replied. Lady, youre su
40、pposed to report missing PERSONS, not missing CATS, said the angry policeman. Well, who can I report this to? she asked. You cant. You have to ask around your neighborhood or put up posters, replied the officer. Mrs. Brown figured that a billboard(广告牌)would work a lot better than a piece of paper on
41、 a telephone pole. There happened to be an empty billboard at the end of her street just off the interstate highway. The billboard had a phone number on it. 注意： 1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She called that number in no time. _ _ _ _ A week later, Mrs.Brown noticed her cat waiting out of her
42、 gate with a note on his neck. _ _ _ _ 人教版(2019)英语高一下学期培优训练卷 选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement 答案解析 【答案】1-4 BCBD 【解析】 1.细节理解题。 根据第一段中的 Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and musi
43、c.可知，大 多数年轻女性无法继续接受教育。即使她们能接受教育，除了法语、如何缝制衣服和音乐之外，她 们通常不会学到多少东西。所以 19 世纪美国女性的教育问题是她们能选择的学习科目很少。故选 B 项。 2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的 Mary Lyon felt that womens education was extremely important.以 及 Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland.可知， 玛丽 莱昂认为女性的教育极 其重要。她在巴克兰为年轻女性开办了一所学校。所以我们能从第二段中了解到
44、，玛丽很重视女性 的教育。故选 C 项。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的 This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors.It would not depend on any one person to continue.可知， 这所学校将拥有自己的财产， 由一个独立的董事会指导。它的资金将由董事们负责，不依靠任何人。所以玛丽 莱昂开办的学校在 资金上是独立的。故 B 选项正确。 4.细节理解题。根据最后一段 Marys efforts led to the spread o
45、f higher education for women in the United States. Her influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others.可知， 玛 丽的努力使美国妇女接受高等教育这件事得到了普及。她的影响一直持续至今，因为她学校里的许 多毕业生都成了老师。所以美国人还记得玛丽是因为她提高了美国女性的教育水平。故选 D 项。 【答案】5-8 CDAB 【解析】 5推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 In his last words to her, he advise
46、d her not to “let anything get in the way of your education.”可推知 Edelman 的家庭对教育认真严肃。故选 C。 6细节理解题。根据第二段中 When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service and study law instead.可知 Edelman 对民权很感兴趣，让她放弃了进入外交部门的计划。故选 D。 7细节理解题。根据第三段中 During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved to Washington, D. C. to
