1、Period 3 Using language 学习目标 1.Understand the structure and functional meanings of -ing and -ed as complement. 2.Practise the exercises related to -ing and -ed as complement. 课堂探究 Step 1:Lead-in Task 1:Find out all the sentences with -ing or -ed(not serve as predicate) in the passage Sharks:Dangerou
2、s or Endangered and analyze the functions of -ing or -ed as complement. Task 2:Fill in the blanks using -ing or -ed. 1.We see a woman (swim) at night in a dark sea. 2.It made people of sharks. 3.Jaws was a great success, (attract) huge audiences and (win) many awards. 4.People have always been (scar
3、e) of sharks,but Jaws made things worse. 5.Some people stopped (swim) in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film. 6.Other people started fishing for sharks, (kill) as many as they could. 7.Finning would have an (expect) effect upon Peter Benchley,the man who wrote the book the film Jaw
4、s was based on. 8.Benchley saw sharks (kill) and this caused a deep change in him. 9.Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharkssome became (interest) in understanding them. Step 2:Comparison and analysis Please read the sentences in Activity 1 and answer the questions
5、.Pay attention to the sentences in bold and discuss in groups and summarise the expressive functions of -ing and -ed as complement. A.We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. B.It made people frightened of sharks,. Questions: 1.In sentence (a),who is swimming at night? 2.In sentence(b),who is
6、 frightened of sharks? 3.Why does the author choose to use different forms of verbs in the two sentences? 通过观察例句,我们可以得知:在英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外还要有某个 词或词组来补充说明宾语的意义或状态,才能使句子的意义完整,这个词或者词组称为宾语补 足语。 *总结归纳: 1.宾语补足语一般放在宾语 (前/后),对宾语起 的作用。 2.现在分词的逻辑主语是 ,和宾语为 。 3.过去分词的逻辑主语是 ,和宾语为 。 Step 3:Relevant knowledge 练习
7、+观察判断+总结 1.我看见他正沿着街跑。 2.我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。 3.我刚才看到一位老人被车撞倒了。 *归纳总结:see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel 等感官动词后若接现在分词作宾语补足语,表 示该动作与宾语之间是 ;若其后接过去分词作宾语补足语,表示该动作与宾语之间 是 。 一、感官动词后非谓语做宾语补足语补充说明及归纳: +do 主动 +doing 主动 +done 被动 完成 正在进行 完成或没有一 定的时间性 用 sing 的适当形式填空 (1)I heard her an English song just now. = She was
8、heard an English song just now. (2)I heard her an English song when I passed by her room. (3)To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear English as much as possible. 练习+观察判断+总结 What made them so (frighten)? I have had my car (clean). He got his TV set (mend). *归纳总结:have,let,make,get 等
9、使役动词后若接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示“使处于某种 状态”;若其后接过去分词作宾语补足语,表示动作由他人完成。 二、使役动词后非谓语动词作宾语补足语补充说明及归纳: 1.have/get sth.done 让某事被 Ill have/get my computer repaired. 2.have/make/let/get sb.do 让某人做某事 She made me cry. 3.have sb./sth.doing sth.让持续地做 4.get sb./sth.doing 使开始做 5.make oneself done 使某人自己被 三、动词 leave,find,keep,ca
10、tch 后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语归纳总结: 1.leave sth./sb.doing 让一直做某事 leave sth./sb. undone (unfinished,unsettled,等)留下某事未做 2.find/keep/catch sb./sth.doing 发现/使/撞到 find/keep/catch sb./sth.done 发现/使/撞到被 (1)Its wrong of you to leave the machine (run) all the time. (2)He found his house (break) into when he came back. (3
11、)The salesman caught the little boy (steal). Step 4:Global warming Share what you know about these expressions. Complete the brochure with the expressions in Activity 4 on Page 66. Six things you can do NOW to help stop global warming. Reduce waste by choosing reusable productsget a(n) 1. ,for examp
12、le. Try to reduce your 2. .Walk or ride a bike instead of taking a car. Use 3. such as solar energy and wind power. The less energy you use,the less carbon dioxide is released.Replacing a regular light bulb with a(n) 4. is a great start. 5. is important because clean water is a limited resource.Also
13、,we use a lot of energy to process clean water. Planting trees can help a lot in reducing the 6. because trees absorb the carbon dioxide in the air. Step 5:Useful expressions 1.instead of 作为的替换;而不是 2.solar energy 太阳能 wind power 风能 3.The less energy you use,the less carbon dioxide is released. 你使用的能量
14、越少,释放的二氧化碳就越少。 4.replace.with.用代替 5.a limited resource 有限的资源 Step 6:Listening .Listen to the tape and finish activity 7 Listen to the lecture and choose the topics that are covered. 1 What the word “smog” means 2 When the word “smog” appeared 3.What caused smog in the past. 4.What causes smog now. 5
15、.The effects of smog on the environment. 6.How governments try to reduce smog. 7.What will happen if we dont reduce smog. .Listen again and try to fill in the blanks in activity 8 Smog in the past Term created in:1. Big problem in London:2. in December 1952 Causes of the problem:burning too much coa
16、l and 3. Smog in the present Causes of the problem:4. and factories Measures:rules about using 5. in factories and 6. in the city centre. 回顾+复习+总结 1.All afternoon he worked with Tom (help) him. 2.The thief was brought in with his hands (tie)behind his back. 3.With so much homework (finish),I cant co
17、me to the party tonight. *归纳总结:在“with+宾语+宾补”结构中,当介词的宾语和后面的动词构成主谓/主动进行关 系时,则用现在分词(doing)做宾补;当介词的宾语和后面的动词构成被动完成关系时,则用过去 分词(done)做宾补。若侧重表示将来的动作或表示动作未发生,则用不定式(to do)做宾补。 宾语补足语大集合 感官动词后非谓语作宾语补足语 使役动词后非谓语作宾语补足语 动词 后非 谓语作宾语补足语 “ 宾语 宾补 结构 Step 7:Practice 1.Please read the passage and choose the correct form
18、 of the verbs. Attracted/Attracting by mermaids since she was a child,Hannah Fraser created her first tail when she was only nine years old.Now,she is a model and performance artist devoted/devoting to ocean conservation.She can be seen worn/wearing mermaid clothing and dived/diving up to 50 feet un
19、derwater to swim with dolphins,sharks and whales.She appeared in The Cove,a documentary aiming at highlighting the cruelty of dolphin hunting.Besides performing and modelling,Hannah travels the world given/giving presentations and talks,getting more people involved/involving in the conservation of o
20、cean life. 2.Finish Activity 3 on Page 65. 课后练习 Finish the following exercises. 1.Theres a hole in your bag. I know,Im going to have it (mend). 2.With a lot of difficult problems (settle),the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 3.When I put my hand on his chest,I could feel his heart stil
21、l (beat). 4.He managed to make himself (understand)with his broken English. 5.With trees,flowers and grass (plant) everywhere,my native town had taken on a new look. 6.Dont leave the water (run) while you brush your teeth. 7.She was glad to see her child well (take)good care of. 8.You will see this
22、product (advertise) wherever you go. 9.The question (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of quite important. 10.They should understand the traffic rules by now.Youve had it (explain) often enough. 11.There are hundreds of visitors (wait) in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paint
23、ings. 12.The flowers (smell) sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. 13.He sent me an E-mail, (hope)to get further information. 14. (make) this cake,youll need 2 eggs,175g sugar and 175g flour. 15.When (compare)different cultures,we often pay attention only to the d
24、ifferences without noticing the similarities. 16.When (compare)to the people,those living in the country have more fresh air. 17.When (drive) to work,he (have)an accident. 参考答案 课堂探究 Step 1: Task 1:Sentences: 1.We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. 2.This is the opening scene from the 1975
25、film Jaws,showing a shark attack. 3.Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. 4.It made people frightened of sharks,especially of the great white shark. 5.Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film. 6.Other people started
26、fishing for sharks,killing as many as they could. 7.People just wanted them killed. 8.This was not only due to fear of sharks,but also finning. 9.Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley. 10.Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. 11.Fortunately,not
27、everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharkssome became interested in understanding them. 12.People have always been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse. Functions:1.宾补 2.定语;状语 3.状语;状语 4.宾补 5.宾语 6.宾语;状语 7.宾补 8.宾语 9.定语 10.宾补 11.表语;宾语 12.表语 Task 2: 1.swimming 2.frightened 3.attra
28、cting;winning 4.scared 5.swimming 6.killing 7.unexpected 8.being killed 9.interested Step 2: 1.A woman 2.People 3.In sentence (a),a woman is swimming.In other words,the woman is doing the action of swimming.So the author uses -ing.But in sentence(b),people are frightened.As a result,passive voice is
29、 used.So the author uses -ed. *总结归纳:1.后;补充说明 2.宾语;主动关系/主动进行 3.宾语;被动/完成关系 Step 3: 1.I saw him running down the street.2.I felt an ant climbing over my leg.3.I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. *归纳总结:主动关系或者该动作正在进行;被动关系或者该动作已经完成 一、感官动词后非谓语做宾语补足语补充说明及归纳: (1)sing;to sing (2)singing (3)spoken
30、 练习+观察判断+总结 frightened;cleaned;mended 三、动词 leave,find,keep,catch 后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语归纳总结: (1)running;(2)broken;(3)stealing Step 4: 1.reusable water bottle 2.carbon footprint 3.renewable energy 4.LED bulb 5.Water conservation 6.greenhouse effect Step 6: .1,2,3,4,6 .1.1900s 2.The Great Smog 3.no wind 4.chem
31、icals coming from traffic 5.chemicals 6.requirements of paying to drive 回顾+复习+总结 1.helping 2.tied 3.to finish Step 7: 1.Attracted;devoted;wearing;diving;giving;involved 2.Here,you can see dramatic landscapes changing from mountains to grasslands,forests to rivers. In recent years,we have seen large areas of wetland damaged by human activity. This includes keeping the original environment touched. 课后练习 1.mended 2.to settle 3.beating 4.understood 5.planted 6.running 7.taken 8.advertised 9.discussed 10.explained 11.waiting 12.smelling 13.hoping 14.To make paring pared 17.driving;had
