1、烟台市烟台市 2021 年高考诊断性测试年高考诊断性测试 英英 语语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷 上无效。 3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选预中选出最佳选项。 A Despite the lack of new
2、releases due to the outbreak of COVID-19, there was no shortage of good films in 2020. Weve rounded out the top 4 films. Check them out! Soul In the first Pixar cartoon to have an African-American lead character, Jamie Foxx provides the voice of a music teacher who dreams of making it as a jazz pian
3、ist. But just after a successful interview, he falls down a manhole and finds himself in a soul world where human spirits are assigned their personalities. And things get even stranger from there. Nomadland When Fern loses her husband and cant afford to live in a house, she packs her few belongings
4、into a camper and drives off into the Nevada desert. She encounters a large community of senior citizens who have also been forced to live on the road, supporting themselves with short-term jobs along the way. What makes Nomadland unique is that while Fern is played by an Oscar-winning actress, near
5、ly all she meets are real people who relate their own experiences. Written and directed by Chloe Zhao, the film is a combination of documentary and fiction. The Croods: A New Age The prehistoric family from 2013,s hugely enjoyable cartoon, The Croods, directed by Joel Crawford, makes a welcome retur
6、n, so we can expect more crazy adventures and unusual animals. In the much-delayed sequel （续集），they meet another family, the Bettermans, whose advanced lifestyle and technology make the Croods look even more primitive than they did already. Theres conflict but they learn to appreciate each others di
7、fferences. Wolfwalkers The years finest cartoon film comes from Cartoon Saloon, an Irish studio specialising in stylised hand-drawn 2D art. Its latest production is set in the mid-17th Century, when English soldiers are trying to occupy the wild woods. One hunters daughter meets with a girl wolfwalk
8、er and they make joint efforts to rescue the forest. Its a heartwarming story of friendship and an inspiring adventure about two girls finding themselves. Wolfwalkers stands proud as a new classic. 1. What is the film Soul about? A. A pianists dream coming true. B. A musicians romantic journeys. C.
9、A music teachers unusual experiences. D. An African-American actors success story. 2. Which movie will you go to if you are interested in the wandering life? A. Soul. B. Nomadland. C. The Croods: A New Age. D. Wolfwalkers. 3. In which column of the website could we read this text? A. Science. B. His
10、tory. C. Entertainment. D. Medicine. B Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager
11、 has won the honor of “Americas Top Young Scientist”. In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the citys primary water supply and incredibly high levels of l
12、ead made their way into peoples drinking water. After two months research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess （女神）of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their
13、drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022. Later, Rao took on another social issue - drug addi
14、ction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before its too late. More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence tech
15、nology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying （网上欺凌）.When users type in a word or phrase. Kindly is able to pick it up if its bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time
16、. All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees （被 提名人）for TIME Magazines first-ever Kid of the Year”. 4. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys? A. The incident of lead pollution. B. The issue with drug addiction. C. The shortage of wate
17、r supplies. D. The high cost of purifying water. 5. What is Rao expecting of Tethys? A. Itll remove metal from water. B. Itll make it to market soon. C. Itll win her a higher prize. D. Itll be fitted to cellphones. 6. What will Kindly allow users to do? A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat. B. I
18、nput words into a computer automatically. C. Choose from secure social networking sites. D. Weigh their words before posting them online. 7. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist? A. Ambitious and humble. B. Optimistic and adventurous. C. Talkative and outstandi
19、ng. D. Creative and productive. C One in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight. By the time they leave school, that figure will rise to one in three. The chance of them being overweight in adulthood, which brings a range of associated health risks, is high, at 50-75%. The ro
20、ot cause of diet-related fatness is no secret: an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted. Addressing this imbalance needs to be, in part, a review of our diet. More fresh ingredients （原料）especially fruit and vegetables, less pr
21、ocessed foods and fewer additives （添加剂） are all important factors in building a balanced diet. The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach, rather than just individual behavior change, is a successful way of achieving this. Universal adjustments like a blanket decrease in suga
22、r content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us. Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense. They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets. Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and ef
23、fective impact on what children eat at school. Its an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program working with schools to transform food culture, improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think about food. It works. In Food f
24、or Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools. One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients. It encourages local seasonal prod
25、uce and, at silver or gold level, requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce. At its heart, the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding. Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award already, serving around 1.7 million meals each day to over 10,000
26、schools and its a figure well see grow. 8. What does the underlined word “addressing in paragraph 2 mean? A. Tackling. B. Ignoring. C. Maintaining. D. Postponing. 9. Which approach will work for students to build a balanced diet? A. Stopping them eating alone in schools. B. Getting them aware of the
27、 harm of fatness. C. Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus. D. Increasing the availability and flavor of food. 10. What can we say about the Food for Life program? A. Its a heavy load on schools. B. Its complicated to operate. C. Its a temporary project. D. Its a fruitful attempt. 11. Which type
28、of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote? A. Sugary snacks. B. First-class sausages. C. High-quality imported beef. D. Freshly picked organic beans. D The flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to
29、 their body size. Now researchers at Lund University in Sweden have studied the aerodynamics （空气动力）of butterflies in the wind tunnel （风洞）. The results suggest that butterflies use a highly helpfi.il clap technique, therefore making use of their unique wings. This helps them rapidly take off when esc
30、aping natural enemies. The researchers studied the wingbeats of freely flying butterflies during takeoff in the wind tunnel. During the upward process, the wings cup, creating an air-filled pocket between them. When the wings strike each other, the air is forced out, resulting in a backward strong s
31、tream of air that pushes the butterflies forward. The downward wingbeat has another function: the butterflies stay in the air and do not fall to the ground. The wings striking was described by researchers almost 50 years ago, but it is only in this study that the theory has been tested on real butte
32、rflies in free flight. Until now, it has been generally believed that butterfly wings are aerodynamically inefficient. However, the researchers suggest that the opposite is actually true. “That the wings are cupped when butterflies clap them together, makes the wing clap much more effective. It is a
33、n elegant mechanism that is far more advanced than we imagined, and it is fascinating, says biology researcher Per Henningsson, who studied the butterflies aerodynamics. The results of the study could help inspire improved performance and flight technology in small unmanned aircraft, he continues. I
34、n addition to studying the butterflies, the researchers designed mechanical wings that are modeled on real ones. The shape and flexibility of the mechanical wings as they are cupped and folded confirm the efficiency. Their measurements show that the pushing force created by the flexible wings is 22
35、percent higher and the efficiency 28 percent better compared to if the wings had been rigid. 12. What does the researchers study focus on? A. The butterflys body size. B. The butterflys flying principle. C. The butterflys escape technique. D. The butterflys frequency of wingbeats. 13. For what purpo
36、se do butterfly wings strike? A. To empty the air pocket for forward force. B. To release their additional energy. C. To circle steadily in the air. D. To form an air pocket. 14. Why were the mechanical wings made? A. They might draw public attention. B. They could be used to test the findings. C. T
37、heyd show results in line with popular belief. D. They helped avoid experimenting on live butterflies. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. New Discoveries Are Made Based on Aerodynamics B. Flexible Wings Boost Plane Making Industry C. Butterfly Wing Clap Explains Secret
38、 of Flight D. Butterfly Adapts Itself to the Wild Survival 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. Its a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go dark”. 16 Its true that
39、 turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. _17 On one level joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature. But on another level, a large number of peoples acting together sends a power
40、ful message to governments and companies. 18 They begin considering green issues when making big decisions. The logo （标识）of Earth Hour is 60+”. The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. 19 In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environ
41、ment. 20 Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic （原声的）instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group walks and runs are also among the o
42、ptions. A. But this is only the beginning. B. Earth Hour represents every hour of every day. C. After all, everyone has to answer for what they have done. D. Besides turning off the lights, people get involved in other events. E. It pushes them to take urgent measures by making changes to policies.
43、F. That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour. G. The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is finished. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Five days before Christmas, police o
44、fficer Lima was sent to a local Stop and Shop for a reported theft. The accusation was that two females were scanning （扫描）some items at the self-checkout but 21 other items and bagging those items. The two females and two children were already 22 by Loss and Prevention over there. Lima had two girls
45、 himself, similar in age to the two girls there, so it 23 him a little bit. Lima 24 the receipt for the items they had paid for. There was nothing else like health and beauty items on it. The items were all 25 things bought just to stuff themselves. Then he asked an employee where the other items we
46、re that they had planned to take and was informed they were put back on the 26 . Obviously, this family was in real need. While Lima firmly 27 following the law, he decided to cut them a break .and not to 28 . The two females, 29 , were very grateful but kind of 30 because generally, in that same si
47、tuation there would probably be a different 31 and theyd be arrested. Lima took things a step further in an effort to 32 the family. He gave them a $200 gift card, telling them not to get things in illegal ways any more. “I purchased the gift card close to the value of what would have been 33 said L
48、ima. “I did what I felt was 34 . I just tried to show a little 35 to the extent permitted by law.” 21. A. labeling B. damaging C. sorting D. bypassing 22. A. misunderstood B. held C. tolerated D. unemployed 23. A. confused B. disappointed C. struck D. attracted 24. A. denied B. checked C. filled D.
49、questioned 25. A. luxuries B. drinks C. presents D. foods 26. A. shelves B. counters C. checkout D. lockers 27. A. stood B. resisted C. believed in D. put off 28. A. make trouble B. take responsibility C. play tricks D. press charges 29. A. consequently B. fortunately C. gradually D. incredibly 30.
50、A. ashamed B. shocked C. anxious D. innocent 31. A. lesson B. outcome C. choice D. excuse 32. A. aid B. control C. remind D. reward 33. A. returned B. exchanged C. taken D. ordered 34. A. eye-catching B. risk-taking C. private D. right 35. A. politeness B. courage C. mercy D. admiration 第二节(共 10 小题；
