1、Ellipsis Unit 1 Grammar 为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省 略句中的一个或几个句子成分，略句中的一个或几个句子成分， 这种语法现象称为这种语法现象称为省略省略。 省省 略略 返回返回 一一 简单句中的省略简单句中的省略 1. 省略主语省略主语 (That/It) Sounds like a great idea! 2. 省略表语省略表语 Are you hungry? No, I am not (hungry). He is a good student, so are his sisters (good students) 返回返回 3. 同时同
2、时省略几个成分省略几个成分 A. 省略主谓或主谓一部分省略主谓或主谓一部分 (Do you) Got any ideas? Why (do you) not say hello to him? B. 省略动宾省略动宾 Did you finish the homework? No, I didnt finish (the homework) 返回返回 二二 并列句中的省略并列句中的省略 1. 省略省略主语主语 Mr. Smith picked up a coin in the road and (Mr. Smith) handed it to a policeman. 2. 省略谓语省略谓语
3、Some called for the application of the modern technology, and others (called for) a change of lifestyle. 返回返回 2. 省略部分谓语省略部分谓语 I was born in winter in 1988 and Bob (was born in winter) in 1989. Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 3. 省略谓语及状语省略谓语及状语 返回返回 三
4、三 复合句中的省略复合句中的省略 1. 状语从句的省略状语从句的省略 I felt worried when (I am) watching the documentary. 若从句的主语与主句的主语相同或者从句的主语是it，且谓语是be时 ，常同时省略从句的主语和be。 If (it is) impossible, I will help you with your work. 返回返回 2. 定语从句的省略定语从句的省略 A. 在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom，which，that 可省略。 The film star (whom/who/that)I like most i
5、s Bruce Lee. B. 定语从句中的“主语(关系代词) + be”有时可以省略。 Whats the language (that/which is) spoken in that country? 返回返回 注注：关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，即使在从句中作宾语，也不 可省略。“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，关系代词不可省略。 This is the man, whom I spoke to yesterday. I attended a lecture last week, from which I learnt a lot. 返回返回 3. 宾语从句的省略宾语从句的省略 在say
6、, know, think, believe, suppose, consider, find, decide等动词后面 所接的一个宾语从句中，连词that可以省略；若后接多个宾语从句， 只有第一个连词that可省略，其余的连词that不能省略。 There is no reason to suppose (that) shes lying. Our Chinese teacher said (that) the text was very importan and that we should memomize it. 返回返回 四四 不定式中的省略不定式中的省略 1.保留不定式符号保留不定
7、式符号to的情况的情况 A.不定式作某些动词的宾语时，常见动词如want ， like，love， care，hope，wish，expect，prefer，refuse, mean, agree, afford, forget，remember，try，manage等 。 Im sorry I hurt your feelings. I didnt mean to. You can watch it online if you want to. 返回返回 B.不定式在句中作某些动词的宾语补足语或主语补足语时，常见 动词如ask，advise，persuade, tell, wish, all
8、ow, permit, force等 。 At last they did as I told them to. (宾补) He would not have married her if he had not been forced to. (主补) 2.不定式符号不定式符号可省略可省略的情况的情况 A. 主语部分或修饰主语的定语部分有实义动词do的各种形式，作 表语的不定式可省略to，也可保留to。 返回返回 The most important thing I should do is (to) give you some advice on how to learn a foreign
9、 language. B.不定式做介词but，except等的宾语，且前面有实义动词do的各种 形式时，须省略不定式符号to 。 They did nothing but watch TV last night. I dont want to do anything except help you. He had no choice but to tell her the truth. 返回返回 C.在see, look at, hear, listen to, watch, notice，observe，feel，have， make，let等词后作宾语补足语时，须省略不定式符号to 。 Y
10、esterday I listened to Mary speak movingly about her love story once again. 注注:以上动词若用于被动语态,则不定式符号to不可省略 Any child caught misbehaving was made to stand at the front of the class. 返回返回 五五 介词的省略介词的省略 1. 一些常和动名词、形容词一起搭配的介词常省略，而保留其后 的 动名词，常见的句型有spend/waste time (in) doing, lose no time (in) doing； have d
11、ifficult/trouble (in) doing； be busy (in) doing； stop/prevent sb. (from) doing 等。 She lost no time (in) giving the patient first aid. The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time. 返回返回 2. 表示行为方式的in在in this way, in the same way, in another way等 词组中，可省略介词。 He did it (in) this way. 返回返回 1
12、. The boy wanted to ride his bike, but his mother told him not to do it. 运用省略规则改写下面句子运用省略规则改写下面句子 2. Before you cross the road, dont forget to look at both ways first . 3. Chemistry is the science of substance, and physics is the science of energy. 答案：答案：1.省略省略do it；2. 改为改为Before crossing；3. 省略后半句的省
13、略后半句的is 返回返回 单项选择单项选择 1. Are you a volunteer now? No, but I _. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year. Aused to Bused to be Cused to do Dwas used to 2. Should I look up each word that I dont understand? No, turn to it only_. A. if necessary B. when necessary C. if you need D. when you arenecessary B B 返回返回 3. Some students are going to China in summer vacation, and _. A.some are to America B. some going to America C. some to America D. some America 4. I hope the children wont touch the dog. Ive warned them_ A.not B.not to C.not touch D.not do C B Thanks
