1、1. when Mount Vesuvius erupted. 当维苏威火山爆发时。当维苏威火山爆发时。 erupt vi. to start suddenly and violently 爆发；突然发生爆发；突然发生 e.g. Mount Pinatubo began erupting in June. 迪纳图博山迪纳图博山6月开始喷发。月开始喷发。 erupt into 突然变为或发展成（更坏的事）突然变为或发展成（更坏的事） eruption n. an act or instance or erupting 喷发，爆发喷发，爆发 e.g. Their conversations oft
2、en erupted into squabbles. 他们他们在谈话中经常会突然争吵起来在谈话中经常会突然争吵起来。 Magma(岩浆岩浆) is stored in crustal reservoirs before eruption. 岩浆岩浆喷发前储积在地壳中。喷发前储积在地壳中。 【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。 1) The extinct volcanos _ (erupt) would mean a disaster for the city. 2) Finally their argument erupted _ fierce fighting. 3) Viol
3、ence _ (erupt) in the city after the football match. eruption into erupted 2. Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas, 把进口货物运到城里或把出口货物运往海外的商船，把进口货物运到城里或把出口货物运往海外的商船， import n. a product that is brought from one country into another so that it can be sold there, or the
4、 business of doing this 进口产品，输入的产品进口产品，输入的产品 something new or different that is brought to a place where it did not previously exist 输入输入 e.g. They dont like eating food imports. 他们不喜欢吃进口食品。他们不喜欢吃进口食品。 The import of cotton goods went up sharply. 棉制品的进口急剧增加。棉制品的进口急剧增加。 import vt. the action of bringi
5、ng goods or fashions into a country 进口，引进进口，引进 e.g. The country has to import most of its raw materials. 这个这个国家原料大部分靠国家原料大部分靠进口。进口。 import import from 从从进口进口 import into 进口进口到到 e.g. The factory imported some machines from Germany last year. 去年那家工厂从德国进口了一批机器。去年那家工厂从德国进口了一批机器。 They imported coffee int
6、o China. 他们把咖啡进口到中国。他们把咖啡进口到中国。 【注意注意】 ex- 出出 港口港口 im- 进进 export 出口出口 import 进口进口 export to 往往出口出口 【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。 1) They _ (进口棉花和羊毛到进口棉花和羊毛到) their country to meet peoples needs. 2) The goods on the truck will _ (出口到出口到) the US and Canada. import cotton and wool into be exported to 3. It took
7、 the form of a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches fire! 它的形状像一棵大树：树枝全是黑色，树干是烈火！它的形状像一棵大树：树枝全是黑色，树干是烈火！ take the form of 呈现呈现的形状；采取的形状；采取形式形式 e.g. The clouds in the sky take the form of different animals. 天空中的云也不同动物的形式出现。天空中的云也不同动物的形式出现。 in the form of 以以的形式的形式 take the form of 采取采取的形式的形式
8、take form 逐渐逐渐成形成形 in / out of form 处于处于良好的良好的 / 不良的竞技状态不良的竞技状态 form from 由由构成；由构成；由组成组成 form into 组成组成；排成；排成；分成分成 from the habit of 养成养成的习惯的习惯 fall in/ out a form 填表填表 【语境应用语境应用】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。 1) _ (如果你填了这张表如果你填了这张表), you can take books out of the library. 2) Our next class will
9、 _ (采取采取的形的形 式式) debate and we will discuss whether human activities play a key role in global warming. 3) My father _ (养成了习惯养成了习惯) getting up early. If you fill in / out this form take the form of has formed the habit of 4. and now again it burnt with an unbearable light! 一会儿又燃烧成难以忍受的光芒！一会儿又燃烧成难以忍受
10、的光芒！ unbearable adj. not able to be endured or tolerated 难耐的，无法忍受的难耐的，无法忍受的 e.g. The heat was getting unbearable. 热热得叫人无法忍受。得叫人无法忍受。 (1) un-前缀前缀可放在形容词前，表示“相反的，不可放在形容词前，表示“相反的，不的”，如：的”，如： unacceptable 不能接受的不能接受的 uncertain 不确定的，无把握的不确定的，无把握的 unforgettable 难忘的难忘的 unusual 非同寻常的非同寻常的 untidy 不整洁的不整洁的 unco
11、nscious 无知觉的，无意识的无知觉的，无意识的 (2) un-前缀前缀放在名词前，表示“不，非放在名词前，表示“不，非”，如：”，如： unrest 动乱，不安动乱，不安 unbalance 失去平衡，紊乱失去平衡，紊乱 unemployment 失业失业 uncertainty 无把握，不确定无把握，不确定 (3) “un-”可以表示“与原动作相反”的意思，如：可以表示“与原动作相反”的意思，如： undress 脱衣脱衣 unmask 除去面具；使露出真相除去面具；使露出真相 undo 松开，解开松开，解开 5. The cries of women broke out; the m
12、en looked at each other, but were silent. 女人们突然大哭；男人们面面相觑，沉默不语。女人们突然大哭；男人们面面相觑，沉默不语。 break out: (of violent events) start suddenly 突然开始，爆发突然开始，爆发 e.g. Fire broke out during the night. 夜间夜间突然发生了火灾突然发生了火灾. 含含break短语短语 break away from 突然挣脱突然挣脱; 逃脱逃脱 break down 出故障出故障; 垮掉垮掉 break in 强行进入强行进入; 打断打断 break
13、 into sth. 突然开始突然开始 break off 断开断开; 中断中断 break through 取得突破取得突破 break up 结束，解散，分手结束，解散，分手 【语境应用语境应用】用含用含break的短语填空。的短语填空。 1) We are sorry to arrive late, but the car _. 2) Her friends came to help her when the war _. 3) We had to _ the house as we had lost the key. 4) He _ the chocolate and gave eac
14、h child a small piece. 5) They were arguing but _ when someone came into the room. 6) Does everyone know what to do if a fire _? break down broke out break into broke up broke off breaks out 6. beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs. 从另一边，远处，传来屋顶坍塌的声音。从另一边，远处，传来屋顶坍塌的声音。 beyond
15、 adv. on or to the further side of something 在（或在（或 向）较远处；在另一边向）较远处；在另一边 e.g. They crossed the mountains and headed for the valleys beyond. 他们他们翻过山，向那边的山谷进发。翻过山，向那边的山谷进发。 Beyond the river, cattle were grazing. 河河的那边，牛儿在吃草的那边，牛儿在吃草。 beyond prep. at or to a more distant point than (sth) 在（或向）更远处在（或向）更
16、远处 later than (a specified time) 超出；晚于超出；晚于 too great or bad for anyone to believe/repair/recognize, etc. 无法无法 To a degree that is past the understanding, reach, or scope of 超出超出之外之外 beyond beyond belief 难以置信难以置信 beyond control 无法控制无法控制 beyond comparison 无与伦比无与伦比 beyond description 无法描述无法描述 beyond e
17、xpectation 出乎意料出乎意料 【语境应用语境应用】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。 1) After 25 years the town had changed _ (认不出来了认不出来了). 2) Due to circumstances _ (我们无法控制我们无法控制), the performance had to be canceled. 3) Some shops keep open _ (到午夜之后到午夜之后). 4) The switch on the wall was _ (在孩子够不着的地方在孩子够不着的地方)。 5) The b
18、eauty of the preserve is _(无法形容无法形容). beyond recognition beyond our control beyond midnight beyond the babys reach beyond description distance n. the condition of being far off; remoteness 遥远，久远遥远，久远 an amount of space between two things or people 距离距离 a situation in which two people do not have a c
19、lose friendly relationship 疏远疏远 e.g. I cycled the short distance home. 我我骑了很短的一段距离回家骑了很短的一段距离回家。 Is his distance a result of snobbery or shyness? 他他态度冷淡是因为他势利眼呢态度冷淡是因为他势利眼呢, 还是因为还是因为他腼腆他腼腆? Church bells rang in the distance (=they were far away). 远处教堂的钟声响起。远处教堂的钟声响起。 We watched from a safe distance
20、(=we were far away). 我们我们在安全距离外观看。在安全距离外观看。 【归纳归纳】 in the distance 在远处在远处 at a distance of 在在远的地方远的地方 at / from a distance 离一段距离，从远处离一段距离，从远处 within walking distance 在步行可及的地方在步行可及的地方 keep sb. at a distance 与某人疏远与某人疏远 keep ones distance from 与与保持保持距离距离 distant adj. 远的；久远的；远离的；远的；久远的；远离的； 冷淡的冷淡的(常接介词常
21、接介词from) distantly adv. 遥远地遥远地 be distant towards sb. 对某人冷淡对某人冷淡 be distant from. 离离远远 思维导图助记思维导图助记 【语境应用语境应用】一句多译。一句多译。 那只狗看上去很凶，所以我决定躲远点。那只狗看上去很凶，所以我决定躲远点。 The dog looked dangerous, so I decided to _ from it. The dog looked dangerous, so I decided to _. keep my distance keep me at a distance 用所给词的
22、正确形式完成句子。用所给词的正确形式完成句子。 I encountered many hikers who were headed to a _ (distance) camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. (2018 天津卷天津卷阅读理阅读理 解解D篇篇) distant Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; 它的墙壁是暂新的，仿佛是昨天粉刷过的；它的墙壁是暂新的，仿佛是昨天粉刷过的； as if painted是省略了的状语从句，补充完整为是省略了的状语从句
23、，补充完整为as if they were painted。 e.g. After taking the medicine, she felt much better. 服药后，她感觉好多了。服药后，她感觉好多了。 While at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。 当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语与主句主语当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语与主句主语 一致（或者从句主语是一致（或者从句主语是it）
24、，且从句谓语含有），且从句谓语含有be动词时，为动词时，为 了简练，可以将从句的主语和了简练，可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。动词一起省略。 e.g. While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others. 他在孩提时代就总是乐于助人。他在孩提时代就总是乐于助人。 When (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song. 她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。 She wouldnt solve the problem even if (she were) to take charge. 即使她来负责，她也解决不了这个问题。即使她来负责，她也解决不了这个问题。 She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble. 她看上去很焦急，好像遇到了麻烦。她看上去很焦急，好像遇到了麻烦。 If (it is) well read, the book will give you much to think. 如果好好读，这本书会让你思考很多东西。如果好好读，这本书会让你思考很多东西。
