1、Unit4 Exploring literature 单元考点归纳单元考点归纳 【衍生词汇】【衍生词汇】 1awake adj.醒着的awaken vt. 介词 throughwhich 引导定语从句， 修饰名词 door， 其中 which 代指先行词 door。 译文 当克里斯托弗 马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道，“这就是 让一千艘战船起航的那张面孔吗？”他便打开了一扇门，而我们的想象力则通过 这扇门抵达了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。 【核心句型】【核心句型】 关系副词 where 引导的定语从句 (教材 P44)In a word, we have now reached a
2、 point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 总之，我们现在已经到了希望理解并欣赏文学的地步。 句式分析 where we wish to enjoy and understand literature 是定语从句，修饰先行词 point。当 point 作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，用关系副词 where 引导定 语从句。 例 1 At that time we had reached a point where we had more black readers than white ones. 那时候我们已到了黑人读
3、者比白人读者还要多的阶段。 例 2 You have reached a point where medicine cant help. 你已经到了无药可救的地步。 造句 我们到了必须改一改的地步。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 知识拓展 当先行词是 stage, point, case, situation, position, job, business, scene 等表示抽 象地点的名词，并且定语从句缺少状语时，常用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。 翻译 1 Today well discuss a number
4、 of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly(英语初学者对英语使用不当的情况) 翻译 2 It put me in a position where I cant afford to take the job(使我陷入了 一种不能接受此职位的境地) 即学即练 单句语法填空 He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. She wants a job where her management s
5、kills can be put to good use. After graduation she reached a stage in which she needed to decide what to do. Can you think of a case in which the word is properly used? “介词短语动词主语”完全倒装句式 (教材 P44)Behind every book is a man，behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social envi
6、ronments 每本书的背后都是人，人的背后是民族，民族的背后是自然和社会环境。 句式分析 此句为完全倒装句。当句首为表示地点的副词或介词短语，主语是名词而不 是代词，且谓语动词是 be，stand，sit，lie，live，come 等时，为了保持句子平 衡或使上下文衔接更紧密，常使用完全倒装结构。 例 1 In front of our house lies a river where we used to swim. 我们家前面有一条河，过去我们常常在那儿游泳。 例 2 Near the city was a volcano. 离这座城不远处有一座火山。 造句 墙上有两张旧照片。 On
7、 the wall were two old pictures. 知识拓展 (1)表示地点的介词短语/表示时间、 地点的副词/形容词/分词系动词主语 (2)表示方位、时间、地点的副词(out, in, up, away, here, there, between 等) 实义动词主语 翻译 1 There stands a stone bridge(有一座石桥) across the river. 翻译 2 In came(进来)a little girl，with a book in her hand. 即学即练 单句语法填空 Between you and your dreams stand
8、s (stand) a lot of hard work. Present at the evening party were (be) our teachers yesterday. John opened the door.There stood(stand) a girl he had never seen before. On the back wall hangs(hang) an old painting. be doing .when .句式 (教材P44)A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child fou
9、nd a shell and held it to his ear. 一个孩子和一个男子在沙滩上散步时，孩子突然发现了一个贝壳， 并拿起放 在耳边。 句式分析 be doing .when .“(某人)正在做这时(突然)”，when 为并列连词， 表示“这时；突然”，相当于 and at this/that time。 例 1 Last Monday, I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 上周一，我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。 例 2 One da
10、y，the cow was eating grass when it began to rain heavily. 一天，奶牛正在吃草，这时突然开始下起了大雨。 造句 我正在候诊室里面坐着，这时一个年轻人走了进来。 I was sitting in the waiting room when a young man entered. 知识拓展 be about to do.when. 正要做这时(突然) be on the point of doing .when . 正要做这时(突然) had just done .when . 刚做完这时(突然) 翻译 1 I had just sat d
11、own when (我刚坐下，这时)the light went out. 翻译 2 I was about to go swimming when(正要去游泳，这时) our guide saw me and shouted at me. 即学即练 单句语法填空 I was about to give(give) up when my best friend encouraged me to go on. She was on the point of opening(open) the window when someone knocked at the door. I had(have) just finished my exam paper when the bell rang. They were playing happily on the playground when it began to rain.
