1、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
2、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
3、资产阶级撕下了罩在家庭关系上的温情脉脉的面纱，把这种关系变成了纯粹的金钱关系。 货币能使各种冰炭难容的人亲密起来，迫使势不两立的人互相亲吻。,富在深山有亲人，穷在闹市无人问。,15 我的叔叔于勒,1.了解作者，积累文中生字词；梳理小说的故事情节。（重点） 2.学习作者通过语言、动作、神态描写刻画人物形象的方法。（难点) 3.认识资本主义社会人与人之间金钱至上的关系，培养我们对亲人以及他人的爱心。(重点）,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
4、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
5、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,莫泊桑（18501893），是法国19世纪后半期著名的批判现实主义作家，也是“世界三大短篇小说巨匠之一”。他于1880年完成了羊脂球的创作，轰动了法国文坛。主要作品有长篇小说一生漂亮朋友，短篇
6、小说羊脂球等。,本文发表于1883年，是莫泊桑最著名的小说名篇之一。这篇小说创作有着它的社会时代背景：当时的法国，小资产阶级的贫困破产已成为普遍的社会问题。一部分不甘心破产的小资产阶级，纷纷踏上漂洋过海的险途，企望在美洲、亚洲甚至非洲闯,出一条大发横财的生路，梦想有朝一日腰缠万贯荣归故里。思想上，拜金主义甚嚣尘上，腐蚀着社会人际关系。作者基于这样的社会现实，创作了本篇小说。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
7、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
8、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,正音练习：给加色的字词注音。,蚝（ ） 拮据（ ） 栈桥（ ） 煞白（ ） 糟蹋（ ） 牡蛎（ ） 别墅（ ） 撬开（ ） 赔偿（ ） 诧异（ ） 赚钱（ ） 褴褛（ ） 阔绰（ ） 永不变更（ ）,ho,ji,zhn,s
9、h,t,m l,sh,qio,chn,ch,zhun,ln l,chu,n,词语解释,【拮据】手头紧，经济境况不好。 【栈桥】码头上延伸到海里的长桥，供旅客上下船和装卸货物用。 【糟蹋】这里是浪费的意思。 【褴褛】（衣服）破烂。,【与日俱增】随着时间的推移而不断增长。 【十拿九稳】比喻很有把握。 【迟疑不决】拿不定主意。 【郑重其事】形容说话做事时态度非常严肃认真。 【莫名其妙】没法说出其中的奥妙。 【狼狈不堪】形容困苦或受窘的样子。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
10、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
11、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,【端详】仔细地看。 【恭维】为了讨好而赞扬。 【阔绰】排场大，生活奢侈。 【煞白】本文指由于恐惧、愤怒等原因，面色极白，没有血色。 【诧异】觉得奇怪。,阅读课文
12、，理清小说的故事情节，体会文章的主旨。,这篇小说以菲利普夫妇因于勒的贫富变化而产生前后态度的变化，形成令人惊叹的情节波澜，表现世态炎凉的社会风气；通过神态、动作、语言的描写，形象地表现了他们嫌贫爱富、虚伪自私的嘴脸，从而揭示了金钱社会中人与人之间的冷酷关系。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
13、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
14、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,开端（1-4）：写菲利普一家人热切盼望于勒的归来。 发展（5-19）：菲利普夫妇夸赞于勒。作者用对比的手法概括介绍了于勒去美洲前后不同的情况和菲利普夫妇对他由“恐怖”转为“希望”的心理变化。 高潮（20-47）：巧遇于勒。面对已沦为穷水手的弟弟于勒，菲利普夫妇的态度发生了根本性的变化。这种变化表现了他们自私、虚伪、冷酷和唯利是图的本性。
15、结局（48、49）：躲避于勒。,故事情节,再读课文，思考： 1.文中菲利普夫妇怎样称呼于勒，他们为什么这样称呼于勒？ 2.结合文中对人物语言、动作、神态描写的重点语句揣摩人物心理，归纳人物性格。 3.小说的主人公是谁？请说出理由。 4.找出几处自然环境描写，体会这样描写的作用。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
16、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
17、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.文中菲利普夫妇怎样称呼于勒，他们为什么这样称呼于勒？,他们对于勒的称呼完全取决于于勒有钱没钱。,菲利普夫妇称呼于勒,坏蛋,正直的人,小子,流氓,有良心的人,这个家伙 贼,无赖,好心的于勒 有办法的人,讨饭的 流氓,从以上分析可以看出，菲利普夫妇对于勒的态度发生了很大的变化，造成他们态度多变的原因是什么？ 菲利普夫妇
18、对于勒变来变去的态度中有什么不变的东西？,菲利普 夫妇,于勒把自己应得的部分遗产花光了，还大大占用了父亲应得的那一部分,于勒来信说赚了钱而且要赔偿损失,发现衣衫褴褛年迈的老水手于勒,船长证实卖牡蛎的水手叫于勒,赶,盼,怕,躲,不变的是菲利普夫妇的金钱至上的观念,变化的是菲利普夫妇对于勒的态度,2.结合文中对人物语言、动作、神态描写的重点语句揣摩人物心理，归纳人物性格。,示例：母亲也常常说：“只要这个好心的于勒一回来，我们的境况就不同了。他可真算得一个有办法的人。”,语言描写：这句话道出了菲利普夫妇盼望于勒归来的真正原因，同时母亲势利自私的本性昭然若揭。对于勒的望眼欲穿不为其他，而是为了让自己家
19、的境况好起来，归根结底还是对金钱的渴望。看来，在菲利普夫妇眼中，金钱超越了亲情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
20、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
21、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,我父亲突然好像不安起来，他向旁边走了几步，瞪着眼看了看挤在卖牡蛎的身边的女儿女婿，就赶紧向我们走来。他的脸色十分苍白，两只眼也跟寻常不一样。他低声对我母亲说：“真奇怪！这个卖牡蛎的怎么这样像于勒？”,神态、动作、语言描写：体现了父亲内心的惊恐。虽然“像”并不一定就“是”，但已经把菲利普吓得失魂落魄了。,父亲神色很狼狈，低声嘟囔着：“出大乱子了！”,多年期待的美梦最终破灭，跌入了失望的谷底。“狼狈”一词极为传神地写出父亲的神色，“低声嘟囔”又将父亲的动作刻画得纤毫毕现。“出大乱子了”一句将父亲内心极度的恐慌表现得真
22、实而又生动。寥寥数语便对神态、动作、语言进行了极富个性的描写，使人物形象跃然纸上。,母亲突然暴怒起来，说：“我就知道这个贼是不会有出息的，早晚会回来重新拖累我们的”,神态、语言描写：表现出母亲旧怨新恨一齐发作的心理，从而展现出母亲泼辣、自私、冷酷的心理。,我心里默念道：“这是我的叔叔，父亲的弟弟，我的亲叔叔。” 我给了他十个铜子的小费。,对比：与菲利普的自私、冷酷形成鲜明对比，从行动上表现出若瑟夫的善良纯真。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
23、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
24、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,菲利普夫妇：自私虚伪，冷酷无情，贪婪虚荣，唯利是图，庸俗懦弱，视金钱高于亲情的小市民。 “我”：一个涉世未深，天真单纯，富有同情心的孩子。,人物性格概括：,思考：“我”在全文起什么作用？
25、,“我”是叙述者，但“我”不是主人公，只是起着穿线的作用。,“我”是于勒的侄儿，由“我”来叙述叔叔的遭遇，父母态度的变化，使人感到更真切，意义更深刻。,“我”是家中唯一同情于勒的人，设置对立面，可使菲利普夫妇态度的变化显得更突出，对比更强烈。,小说的主人公是菲利普夫妇。对于小说主人公的判断，关键是看谁是揭示主题的人物。本文要揭示的是在资本主义社会里人与人之间的赤裸裸的金钱关系的腐败现象，而文中最能揭示这一主题的是菲利普夫妇，而“我”是见证人，记叙者；于勒则是贯穿始终的线索人物。,3.小说的主人公是谁？请说出理由。,4.找出几处自然环境描写，体会这样描写的作用。,我们上了轮船，离开栈桥，在一片平
26、静的好似绿色大理石桌面的海上驶向远处。正如那些不常旅行的人们一样，我们感到快活而骄傲。,景物描写：此时的景色，明丽而轻快，烘托了人物“快活而骄傲”的心情：于勒就要给他们带回来一大笔钱，他们可以很体面地生活了。为下文遇到于勒后情绪的变化作反衬。,在我们面前，天边远处仿佛有一片紫色的阴影从海里钻出来。那就是哲尔赛岛了。,景物描写：烘托人物失望、沮丧的心情，与刚上船时形成了鲜明对比。“紫色的阴影”一语双关，既实指哲尔赛岛，也象征蒙在菲利普夫妇心头的阴影。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
27、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
28、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,我们回来的时候改乘圣玛洛船，以免再遇见他。,思考：为什么文末要特意交代“我们回来的时候改乘圣玛洛船，以免再遇见他”这一件事呢？,这是故事的尾声，犹
29、如绕梁余音，耐人寻味。从十年念念不忘的殷殷期待到唯恐避之不及的转变，写尽人情冷暖、世态炎凉。揭露了资本主义社会人与人之间赤裸裸的金钱关系。,十年思盼，天涯咫尺，同胞好似摇钱树；,一朝相逢，咫尺天涯，骨肉恰如陌路人。,世态炎凉,1.“这是我的叔叔，父亲的弟弟，我的亲叔叔。”这句话应怎样理解？,从字面的人物关系看：“我的叔叔”，也就是父亲的弟弟，意思没有什么不同，但是，从排列的顺序分析，作者却很具匠心，最后重复“我的叔叔”，其中却加上一个“亲”字，反映了“我”对处于贫困的于勒叔叔深切的同情和对父母六亲不认的困惑、苦闷及不满。这是一句饱含讽刺意味的心里话。,2.结合课文内容，分析于勒是个什么样的人。
30、,于勒是一个随意挥霍的败家子。年轻时，他先是花光了家里的钱，后来到了美洲，赚了一点钱后没有维持多久又再次成为穷光蛋，可见其败家的本性难改。 于勒是一个生活凄惨的可怜人。于勒又老又穷苦，满脸愁容，狼狈不堪，只能在船上卖牡蛎维生，而他的亲人却对他避之唯恐不及。他是当时法国社会生活凄惨的底层人物的一个缩影。,于勒是一个渴望亲情的人。他赚了一点钱后就写信给哥哥，想补偿他们，无奈最后事与愿违，他也不想拖累家人，有家不回。可见他对亲情的重视。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
31、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
32、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.请从多个角度探究文章的主题。,（1）“金钱关系”说：小说揭露当时社会人与人的关系纯粹是金钱关系，无情鞭挞了小市民的势利贪婪，冷酷自私的丑陋灵魂。 （2）“同情”
33、说：小说通过对资本主义社会下层人物于勒被整个社会遗弃的悲惨命运的描述，寄予了作者对贫苦人们最深切的同情和怜悯。,（3）“势利”说：小说通过菲利普夫妇渴望见到已发大财的于勒和在哲尔赛岛遇见穷困潦倒的于勒后极力躲避的心理刻画，深刻地揭示了菲利普夫妇嫌贫爱富、欲攀有钱人的低级庸俗的势利心态。 （4）“虚荣”说：小说交代了菲利普一家的境况，点明了菲利普一家的社会地位“一个小职员的家庭”，而处在这种中下阶层的菲利普夫妇也不例外地具备那种爱慕虚荣、死要面子的小资产阶级的共同性格特征。,我的叔叔于勒,引出矛盾盼望于勒 （开端）,插叙旧事夸赞于勒 （发展）,故事结尾躲避于勒 （结尾）,望眼欲穿 唯一希望,人与
34、人之间是赤裸裸的金钱关系,中心事件巧遇于勒 （高潮）,计划千种 十年不变,穷水手 态度变化,改换乘船 以免再遇,1.构思巧妙，情节曲折。,这篇小说的主题并不深奥，情节却曲折多变，小说采用大开大合的手法铺排故事。于勒出场前，渲染其在菲利普夫妇一家人心目中的地位，接着，笔锋一转，写菲利普夫妇一家旅游，情节舒缓下来，在船上，又加了一段吃牡蛎的小插曲描绘并嘲讽菲利普夫妇的附庸风雅和克拉丽丝既怕丢脸，又怕花钱的尴尬处境，使读者哑然失笑。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
35、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
36、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,然后，故事高潮迭起，菲利普发现卖牡蛎的弟弟并惊恐地告诉妻子，情节推向高潮，气氛顿时紧张。但此时作者并没有立刻揭开谜底，而是让菲利普夫妇去打听，情节又松缓下来，直到证实确
37、实是于勒，情节似乎最终跌落闭合了。不料，作者又妙笔生花，交代菲利普夫妇一家改乘船只，躲避于勒，把人们引入沉思和回味之中。情节真是有张有弛。,2.环环相扣的悬念设置。,悬念一：小说开头写菲利普家生活状况，在读者熟悉家庭之后，笔锋一转，引出人物于勒，我们不禁要问：于勒是谁？ 悬念二：回答了于勒是谁后，作者说“那时候是全家唯一的希望，在这以前则是全家的恐怖”，我们不禁要问：这是为什么？ 悬念三：小说描述了于勒年轻时怎样浪荡败家，怎样到美洲发了财，我们不禁要问：于勒回来了吗？,悬念四：小说笔锋一转写菲利普夫妇一家旅游，在船上见到很像于勒的卖牡蛎的老水手。我们不禁要问：这真是于勒吗？ 悬念五：作者并没有
38、立刻揭开谜底，而是让菲利普夫妇去打听，直到证实确实是于勒，高潮出现。我们不禁要问：菲利普夫妇一家怎么办？ 在一环环的悬念中，故事情节巧妙展开，人物形象展露无遗。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
39、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
40、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.多种描写方法并用，人物性格鲜明。,通过人物的语言、动作、神态等描写揭示人物丰富的内心活动，细腻刻画人物的性格特点。在菲利普发现卖牡蛎的人很像于勒时，作者着力描画了他的脸色和眼神，“脸色十分苍白”“两只眼也跟寻常不一样”写出了菲利普内心的紧张和惶恐。,看了这个“嫌贫爱富”的故事以后，你有什么感受或启发呢？,不要把实现理想寄托在他人身上，应该自 己去奋斗，去努力，去争取。,对弱者应多付出爱心、同情心，要树立 正确的人生观、价值观。,在亲情和金钱上，应该珍惜亲情，淡泊名利。,根据课文内容，续写我的叔叔于勒。,
