1、- 1 - 英英语语 24 字整体教学法字整体教学法： 超前集中超前集中 整体掌握整体掌握 强化训练强化训练 习习 题精做题精做 学一带四学一带四 课外拓展课外拓展 授课模式特点：科学授课模式特点：科学 全面全面 系统系统 快速快速 高效高效 实用实用 Unit 2Morals and Virtues Reading and Thinking 词汇知识自主学习 . 根据语境写出正确的单词 1. a moral dilemma道德困境 2. this precious opportunity这个宝贵的机会 3. entrust me with that life把那种生活托付给我 4. trad
2、itional path of marriage传统的婚姻之路 5. the majority of girls大多数女孩 6. complain about the poor conditions抱怨条件差 7. respond to your questions回答你的问题 8. to be hired as a resident physician被聘为住院医师 9. reject my invitation拒绝我的邀请 10. to be appointed director被任命为董事 11. over the next several decades在接下来的几十年里 12. be
3、 interested in tending patients对护理病人感兴趣 13. be scared in the interview面试时害怕 14. the sharp increase in the cost成本的急剧增加 15. energetic and positive young people精力充沛、积极向上 - 2 - 的年轻人 16. replace plastic bags with paper bags用纸袋代替塑料袋 . 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空 1. Dr Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College. 2
4、. Dr Lin opened a clinic for people in need of help. 3. My teachers help carried me through those hard days in senior high school. 4. We should be responsible for the patients. 5. People tend to make mistakes when they are tired. 6. She was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”. 7. During the
5、 exam, the student next to him fainted. 8. You can entrust Tom with this matter. 9. I like her,even though she can be annoying at times. 10. An old farmer spent all his life on his farm in the country in the southeast of England. . 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分 1. At age 18, instead of following the traditional
6、 path of marriage like the majority of girls,she chose to study medicine. 十八岁时, 她没有没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路, 而是选择了学医。 2. After working for a few years,she was sent to study in Europe and then,in 1939, in the US. - 3 - 工作了几年之后工作了几年之后, 她被派往欧洲学习, 之后于1939年又赴美学习。 3. At times she was even seen riding a donke
7、y to faraway villages to provide medical care. 有时, 人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。 4. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. “Im ready to go, ” she said. 临终时临终时, 她仍在为别人着想。“我要走了, ”她说。 根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词 1. -ion 常用于动词之后构成名词 reject vt. rejectionn. 否决 collect vt. collectionn.
8、收集 connect vt. connectionn. 连接 2. 以-d 结尾的动词变成-se, 成为名词 respond v. responsen. 反应; 回答; 回复 defend v. defensen. 保卫 offend v. offensen. 冒犯 阅读精析合作学习 Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解 1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. - 4 - 2. What is the text type of the passage? A. Narrative Essay(记叙文). B.Argumentative Essay(
9、议论文). C. Expository Writing (说明文). D. Practical Writing (应用文). 答案:A 3. Whats the main idea of this passage? The passage mainly tells us Lin Qiaozhis (1)contribution to medicine and her great (2)influence on society. 【寻技巧提能力】 如何做细节题 一、细节题的正确选项有以下特征: 1. 对原句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的某些词换成意义相 近的词 , 成为正确选项。 - 5 -
10、2. 词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的某些词变换一下词性, 或者 改变原文句子的语态, 给考生制造障碍。 3. 语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言进行简化, 成为正确答案。 4. 正话反说。 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于 寻找错误选项的题目)。 二、干扰项有以下特征: 1. 将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换, 使该 选项看似正确, 实际上却是错误选项。 2. 把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态, 如把将来时变成现在 时, 把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。 3. 无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论, 而 文中并未涉及。 4. 偷换概念。 把原来做该事的“
11、张三”换成“李四”, 所述细节确实与 原文一致, 一不小心就会误选。 5. 文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别, 选项中的描述与原文完全一 致, 确属原文中的某一个细节, 这时要回到题干, 看该选项是否能回答 题干所提的问题。Task 2文本微观剖析:细节探究 1. Choose the best answer. (1)What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Dr Lin married earlier. B. Her mother complained about her learning medicine. C. Her brother w
12、as against her studying medicine. - 6 - D. Dr Lin gave in to her brother. (2)Dr Lin was reallyin the field of medical research. A. normalB. outstanding C. ordinaryD. traditional (3)The following are all reasons why Dr Lin opened her own clinic except. A. to help those in need of help B. to reduce co
13、sts for poor patients C. to make some money to do other things D. to continue her wish to treat patients (4)What can we know about the life of Dr Lin? A. She had babies of her own. B. She was interested in the positions in government. C. She devoted herself to the patients. D. She built a kindergart
14、en to help the poor. (5)Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin? A. Warm-hearted and careful. B. Positive and confident. C. Devoted and thankful. D. Hard-working and kind. 答案: (1)(5)CBCCD 2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. - 7 - 明线暗线行文结构 Para. 1 The(1)introductionof the theme insp
15、irin g 总 Para. 2 Lin Qiaozhis (2)belief in childhooddetermi ned and hard-w orking 分 Paras. 34 Lin Qiaozhis (3)study and work Para. 5 LinQiaozhicarried forward her (4)career Para. 6 LinQiaozhiwas (5)concerned about her work proud总 3. Long sentence analysis. (1)Within six months, she (主语)was named (谓语
16、)a chief resident physician(主语补足语), a position(同位语)(that usually took four years to achieve. )(定语从句) 译文: 不到六个月, 她就成了住院主任医师, 而升任这一职位通常而升任这一职位通常 需要四年时间。 (2)She(主语) greatly impressed (谓语)her American colleagues(宾语), (who invited her to stay. )(定语从句) 译文:美国同事对她印象印象极佳, 邀请邀请她留下。 (3)Though Lin Qiaozhi never
17、 married(状语从句), she(主语) was - 8 - known as ( 谓 语 )the “mother of ten thousand babies”( 主 语 补 足 语 ), having delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime. (现在分词作结果状 语) 译文: 虽然林巧稚终身未婚终身未婚, 但是她被称为“万婴之母万婴之母”, 她一生中一生中 亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。 Task 3阅读思维升华: 主题实践 1. What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through t
18、he hard choices in her life? (Logical thinking 逻辑性思维) Peoples trust in her. 2. What kind of person do you think Dr Lin was? (Creative Thinking 创造性思维) Dr Lin devoted all her life to the people selflessly. She was a loyal patriot,a scientist of the people,a model of the medical profession, agooddaught
19、eroftheChinesenationandanoutstanding representative of contemporary women. 3. Lin Qiaozhi never got married in her life. What do you think of it? (Critical Thinking 批判性思维) Lin Qiaozhi devoted her life to her career,which is worth learning for us. But for her personal life,I still advocate that she s
20、hould have a family.After all,family is a part of society. 要点精研探究学习 1. carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关 - 9 - *These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 林巧稚医生的这些话可以让我们了解这位了不起的女性的内心, 以及是什么帮助她渡过人生中的艰难选择的。 *Tha
21、ts my study plan for the summer holidays,and Ill try my best to carry it out. 那就是我的暑假学习计划, 我将尽我最大的努力执行下去。 *Only when you are in good health can you carry on studying. 只有当你身体健康状况良好的时候你才能继续学习。 carry through完成; 进行到底 carry out 执行, 实行; 贯彻; 实现 carry on 开展; 维持; 继续 carry forward继承, 弘扬 用适当的介词或副词填空。 (1)The ac
22、tivity is aimed at carrying forward the Chinese traditional culture. (2)We should carry out the plan strictly and carefully. (3)We hope that more artists will carry on and develop the folk art. (4)It was my mother that carried me through my hard time in middle school. 2. majority n. 大部分; 大多数 - 10 -
23、*(2020新高考全国卷)However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 然而, 大多数人之所以能成为 有效的演讲者, 是因为他们受过训练。 *Only a minority of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking the subway to work are in the majority. 在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车, 但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了 大多数。 (1)a/the majorit
24、y of. . .大多数 be in the majority占大部分/大多数 (2)minorityn. 少数; 少数派/人 be in the minority占少数 the/a majority of+名词, 表示“大多数”, 谓语动词的数 与of后面的名词保持一致; the majority单独作主语时, 谓语动词用单复 数均可。 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分的破损很容易修复。 (1)WeChat is to the taste of the majority of people,especially the you
25、th. 微信符合大多数人的胃口, 尤其是年轻人。 (2)I believe that students supporting me are in the majority. - 11 - 我相信支持我的学生占多数。 (3)On the other hand, a minority of students are opposed to it. 另一方面, 少数学生反对它。 3. complain vi. 发牢骚 *My father is very brave,hard-working,responsible and most importantly he never complains. 我的
26、父亲非常勇敢、勤劳、负责, 最为重要的是, 他从来不抱怨。 *September is around the corner,and some of us are already complaining about summers end. 九月即将来临, 我们中的一些人已经在抱怨夏季的结束了。 *I have to make a complaint about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant. 我要投诉你们餐馆里极差的食物和服务。 (1)complain to sb.向某人抱怨, 发牢骚 complain abou
27、t sth.抱怨某事 (2)complaintn. 投诉, 抱怨, 怨言 make a complaint about抱怨 语法填空。 (1)He phoned a newspaper reporter to complain about the reporters story. (2)Jane is my best friend and I can complain to her when I am - 12 - unhappy. (3)(2020江苏高考)Some peopleand I was one of thembelieve that humorous complaints(com
28、plain) about the little problems of life make humor. 有些人包括我在内认为对生活中小问题的幽默抱怨会 带来幽默。 4. respond vt. 回答; 回复 vi. 做出反应; 回应 *She responded,“Id rather stay single to study all my life! ” 她回答: “我宁愿一辈子不嫁人, 也要学医! ” *Withthehelpofhisteammate,theoperatorresponded immediately to the accident. 在他队友的帮助下, 操作员对事故立刻做
29、出了反应。 *The retired man contributed many books to the poor children in response to my request. 这个退休的人应我的请求而捐了许多书给贫穷的孩子们。 *She made no response to my question,which made me very angry. 她没有回答我的问题, 这使我非常生气。 (1)respond to对做出回应或反应 (2)responsen. 回答, 答复; 反应 in response to响应; 答复 make (a) response to回答, 对做出回应
30、 (1)语法填空。 - 13 - I prefer to respond to e-mails that I receive right when I get to work. I am writing in response(respond) to the position as a volunteer advertised on the Internet. (2)We would appreciate it if you could respond right away. 如能即刻回复, 我们将不胜感激。 5. appoint vt.任命; 委派 *In 1941, Dr Lin beca
31、me the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 1941 年, 林医生成为北京协和医学院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任。 *We appointed him to be president of the club. 我们任命他为俱乐部主任。 *We are considering appointing him to act as a secretary. 我们在考虑指定他当秘书。 *I left early because I had an
32、appointment later that day. 因为那天晚些时候我有个约会, 就早点离开了。 (1)appoint sb. as/to be . . .任命某人为 appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事 (2)appointmentn. 任命; 约会 make an appointment with sb.与某人约会 have an appointment with sb.与某人有约会 keep/break an appointment守/违约 - 14 - (1)I wont be able to keep my appointment to discuss tr
33、aditional Chinese paintings with you. 我无法守约和你讨论中国传统绘画。 (2)It made sense to appoint a woman to deal with it. 任命一位女性处理这件事是合理的。 (3)用 appoint 的正确形式填空。 Whenever you make appointments with others,make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the appointed time. 6.
34、 tend vt. 照顾; 照料 vi. 倾向; 趋于 *She was more interested in tending patients and publishing medical research. 她更感兴趣的是照料病人和发表医学研究。 *His views tend towards the extreme. 他的观点趋于极端。 *He tends to lose his temper when he hears bad news. 他一听到坏消息就会发脾气。 *It is said that women tend to live longer than men. 据说, 女人往
35、往比男人长寿。 *She had a tendency to talk fast when she was nervous. 她紧张时往往会说话很快。 (1)tend to do/be. . .容易/易于/趋向 - 15 - tend (to) sb. /sth.照顾/护理/看护 (2)tendencyn.趋向; 倾向 have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做; 喜欢做 There is a tendency towards/to (do) sth. 有一种的趋势/倾向 (1)语法填空。 While I hate to admit it,people always tend
36、 to judge(judge) a person by his or her appearance initially. There is a slow tendency(tend)that “the beat culture” is popular with the youths in China. (2)Im writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who tended my mother in the hospital. 我写信真诚地感谢在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士。 7. scared adj. 害怕的; 对感到惊慌或恐惧的 *S
37、he was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions. 她在面试时如此害怕以至于完全忘了该如何回答这些问题。 *(2019全国卷) The gun shots had scared the dog off. 枪声把狗吓跑了。 *We are always facing the problem of scaring birds away from airport runways. - 16 - 我们总是面临着如何把鸟从机场跑道吓跑的问题。 *
38、Theres nothing in school that can make you scared. Cheer yourself up. 在学校里没有什么能让你害怕。鼓起勇气吧。 (1)scare away/off吓走, 吓跑 be scared to death吓得要死 (2)scaredadj. 害怕的; 对感到惊慌或恐惧的 be scared of sb. /sth.害怕某人/某事 be scared to do sth.不敢去做某事 (3)scaryadj. 可怕的; 恐怖的 (1)语法填空。 When I had my first exam,I failed in it and f
39、elt so scared (scare)that I even didnt want to go to school again. She was scared to death at the sight of a snake. (2)What scares me most is that Im going to study in a strange place. 最让我害怕的是我要去一个陌生的地方学习。 (3)She is scared of walking alone at night. 她害怕晚上一个人走路。 8. replace vt. 接替; 取代; 更换 *The student
40、 union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary. - 17 - 学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议, 选举一个人来接替秘书职 位。 *Its not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks. 不吃正餐, 改吃点心, 这不是什么好主意。 *Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom. 课 堂上电脑永远也代替不了老师。
41、*The librarian asked me to replace the book on the shelf after reading. 图书管理员让我看完书后把它放回书架上。 replaceAwith/by B用 B 替换 A replace sth. +prep. /adv.把某物放回原处 To hide a fault with a lie is to replace a blot by a hole. 用谎言掩盖错误, 等于挖一个洞除掉污渍。(这一谚语说明说谎不 可取) 语法填空。 (1)Vinod Khosla suggests that we get rid of 80% o
42、f doctors and replace them with robots. (2)Old books are like old friends. Once lost, they can never be replaced(replace). 9. To a person nothing is more precious than their life,and if they entrust me with that life,how could I refuse that trust,saying Im cold, - 18 - hungry,or tired? 对一个人来说, 没有什么比
43、生命更珍贵, 如果他们把生命托付给 我, 我怎么能拒绝这种信任, 说我又冷又饿又累? 【句式解构】 本句中使用了“否定词+谓语动词+比较级”表示最高级的用法。这 种结构中的常用否定词还有 no,not,never,nobody,hardly, seldom 等。 *I have never seen a better film. 我没看过比这部更好的电影。 *No one can be more careful than she is. 没有人比她更细心。 *How did your interview go? 你的面试如何? I couldnt feel better about it! 我
44、对那次面试的感觉再好不过了! 【知识延伸】表示最高级意义的常用表达法: 否定词+形容词/副词比较级+than 否定词+so/as+形容词/副词原级+as *Nothing is easier than this. 这是最容易的事。 (1)I have never read a better book than this. 我从未读过这么好的书。 (2)I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my - 19 - teacher before my classmates. 我可以告诉你在同学面前被老师赞扬是
45、最好的事了。 (3)一句多译。 They think nothing is more enjoyable than reading books in the original. (用比较级) They think reading books in the original is the most enjoyable thing. (用最高级)他们认为读原版书是最快乐的事。 10. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of
46、the PUMC Hospital. 她 随即成为北京协和医学院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。 【句式解构】 句中不定式 to be hired 作定语, 修饰 the first woman, 与 the first woman 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。当被修饰词为序数词、形容词最 高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时, 常用不定式作后置定语。 *It was the first play to win all three of these major awards. 它是赢得所有这三项大奖的第一部戏剧。 【知识延伸】英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况主要还有: (1)被修饰词前有 the o
47、nly,the very,the next 等词时。 *The next thing to do is to relax yourself completely. 下一步要做的事情是完全放松你自己。 (2) 抽 象 名 词 time,way,ability,reason,chance,courage, opportunity 等后常用不定式作定语。 - 20 - *I had a chance to visit the Great Wall last month. 上个月我有幸游览了长城。 (3)不定代词 something,nothing,little 等后常用不定式作定语。 *I have
48、 something important to tell you. 我有要事相告。 (1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词, 不定式后面就要有必要的 介词。 (2)如果不定式所表示的动作不是由主语发出, 则不定式应使用被 动语态。 *She has only a little room to live in. 她只有一个小房间居住。 *I am going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything to be taken to your son? 我下周打算去北京。你有东西带给你儿子吗? (1)语法填空。 Forastudent,studyingist
49、hefirstthingtobe considered(consider)while appearance is the second. Lincoln was the first president to pass(pass) laws to stop slavery. (2)一句多译。 She is always the first to answer questions. (用不定式作定语) She is always the first who answers questions. (定语从句) 她总是第一个回答问题。 【要点拾遗】 - 21 - 1. dilemma n. 进退两难的
50、境地; 困境 *A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make. 道德困境就是你有两个甚至更多艰难选择的处境。 *Which choice to take will possibly put some people into a dilemma. 该做出哪一个选择很可能使一些人陷于困境中。 *She was in a dilemma as to whether to stay at school or get a job. 她进退两难, 不知该留在学校读书还是找份工作。
