1、restrictive relative clause The man lives next to us. The man is a police officer. The man who lives next to us is a police officer. 先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句 引导定语从句引导定语从句 代替先行词代替先行词 在从句中担当一个成分在从句中担当一个成分 This is a book. The book interests a large number of people. This is a book which interests a large
2、 number of people . 先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句 引导定语从句引导定语从句 代替先行词代替先行词 在从句中担当一个成分在从句中担当一个成分 关系词关系词 关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词 who whom that which whose when where why 关系代词关系代词 关系代词（关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose） 关系代关系代 词词 指人指人指物指物在定语从句中的在定语从句中的 作用作用 Who主语主语宾语宾语 Whom宾语宾语 Which主语主语宾语宾语 that主语主语宾语宾语/表表 语语 whos
3、e定语定语 whose的先行词指人时的先行词指人时, 可用可用of whom代替代替, 即即whose+名词名词=the +n + of whom =of whom + the + n. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. =Workers built shelters for survivors _had been destroyed. =Workers built shelters for survivors _had been destroyed. the homes of whom o
4、f whom the homes whose的先行词指物时的先行词指物时, 可用可用of which代替代替, 即即whose+名词名词=the +n + of which =of which + the + n. He lives in the room, whose window faces south. = He lives in the room, faces south. = He lives in the room, faces south. the window of which of which the window 1.The woman will show us aroun
5、d. We saw her at the school gate. The woman (who/whom/that) we saw at the school gate will show us around. 2.There is one point. We must insist on this point. There is one point (that/which) we must insist on . He admired this famous scientist, about whom we had heard many stories. 3. He admired thi
6、s famous scientist. We had heard many stories about him. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 4. Is that the newspaper ? You often write articles for it. her this point him it 先行词充当从句宾语先行词充当从句宾语 1.The woman will show us around. We saw her at the school gate. The woman (who/whom/
7、that) we saw at the school gate will show us around. 先行词充当从句宾语先行词充当从句宾语 介词介词+关系代词关系代词 注意：注意： He has a little son. He has to look after him. He has a little son (who/whom/that) he has to look after. 他有个需要照看的小儿子。他有个需要照看的小儿子。 不能说成：不能说成： He has a little son after whom he has to look. him look after Jack
8、 is no longer a lazy boy. He used to be a lazy boy. Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be. 先行词充当从句表语先行词充当从句表语 a lazy boy 关系副词关系副词 This is the factory. I worked in the factory ten years ago. This is the factory_ I worked ten years ago. The school is near a park. My son studies in this sch
9、ool. The school _ my son studies is near a park. 关系副词关系副词where 地点状语地点状语 where where where引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的 名词名词,并在定语从句中作并在定语从句中作地点状语地点状语, 相当相当 于于“介词介词+ 关系代词关系代词(which)”。 这就是我两年前住的房子。这就是我两年前住的房子。 This is the house where I lived two years ago. in which (=in the house) = Elias first met Mand
10、ela in 1952. In 1952 he was 12 years old. Elias first met Mandela in 1952, _ he was 12 years old. The days are gone forever. We used foreign oil during those days. The days _ we used foreign oil are gone forever. 关系副词关系副词when 时间状语时间状语 when when when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名 词词,并在定语从句中作并在定语从句中作时
11、间状语时间状语,相当于相当于 “介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which)”。 我永远也不会忘记我入团的那一天。我永远也不会忘记我入团的那一天。 Ill never forget the day when I joined the league. on which(=on the day) = There are many reasons. For the reasons people like traveling. There are many reasons _ people like traveling. 关系副词关系副词why 原因状语原因状语 why why引导的定语从句修饰表示原因的
12、名引导的定语从句修饰表示原因的名 词词,并在定语从句中作并在定语从句中作原因状语原因状语,相当于相当于 “介词介词+关系代词关系代词(which)”。 这就是他来晚的原因。这就是他来晚的原因。 This is the reason why he came late. = for which(=for the reason) Relative Adverbs: (关系副词关系副词) When where why 引导定语从句引导定语从句,并在从句中并在从句中 作状语作状语. time时间状语时间状语 place 地点状语地点状语 reason原因状语原因状语 why(= for which) w
13、here (=in/ at which) when(=at / in/ on which) Function in the clause Referring to The relative adverb (关系副词）关系副词） 1.This is the factory _my father once worked . 2. Ill never forget the days _ we worked together. 3. I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago. 4. This is the reason _ he was late. wh
14、ere / in which why / for which when / in which where / in which Homework that和和which 以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用that，不用，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词everything，something, nothing, anything或由或由all, any, few, little， much等修饰时，常用关系代词等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导来引导 定语从句。定语从句。 2. 先行词先行词前有前有the only, the very, the last等修等修 饰
15、时，常用关系代词饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。来引导定语从句。 3. 先行词前有先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词形容词最高级、序数词 修饰时，用修饰时，用关系代词关系代词that引导定语从引导定语从 句。句。 4. 先行词先行词同时指人和物同时指人和物时，用时，用that。 5. 当先行词前面有当先行词前面有who, which等疑问等疑问 代词时用代词时用that。 6. 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系 代词在从句中也作表语时。代词在从句中也作表语时。 1. Jim passed the driving test, _surprised everybo
16、dy in the office. A.which B that C this D.it 以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用which，不用，不用that: 1)逗号后面逗号后面(非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句) 2)介词后面介词后面 2. The day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1995. A.on which B that C which D.this Practice 1.This is the best film _Ive seen. 2.That is the last lesson _I gave you. 3.This is the very b
17、ook _Im after. 4.The only thing _ matters is to find our way home. 5.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. (that) (that) (that) that that 6. Everything _you said is true. 7. Which is the book _you want? 8. Who is the girl _sits there? 9. The house in _we li
18、ve is not big. 10. All _is said by him is true. 11. Are there any problems _trouble you? 12. The tree, _ is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (that) (that) that which that that which who和和whom 1.who既可在从句中用作既可在从句中用作主语主语，也可，也可 用作用作宾语宾语；whom只作只作宾语宾语。 2.whom可以可以置于介词后置于介词后，who 不可。不可。 1.The gir
19、l _I met is Ms Li. 2.The gentleman about _you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. 3.The man _stands there is Tom. (who/whom / that) who / that whom Anyone _breaks the law is punished. Those _ break the law are punished. He _ breaks the law is punished. 在在anyone, one, those（指人）（指人）作先行词时作先行词时, 一般一
20、般 用用“who”;在在he/she/I / they作先行词时作先行词时, 用用 “who” ;在非限制性定语从句中，用在非限制性定语从句中，用“who” 。 who who who who和和that This note was left by Xiao Wu,_ was here a moment ago. who whose的先行词指的先行词指人人时时, 可用可用of whom代替代替, 即即whose+名词名词=the +n + of whom =of whom + the + n. The boy, whose brother is a teacher, is sitting ov
21、er there. =The boy, _is a teacher, is sitting over there. =The boy, _is a teacher, is sitting over there. the brother of whom of whom the brother whose whose的先行词指的先行词指物物时时, 可用可用of which代替代替, 即即whose+名词名词=the +n + of which =of which + the + n. He lives in the room, whose window faces south. = He live
22、s in the room, faces south. = He lives in the room, faces south. the window of which of which the window Practice 1.The man _stands there is Tom. 2.The girl _I met is Ms Li. 3.The boy _watch was lost is Tom. 4.The book _lies on the desk is his. 5.The pen _you bought is good. 6.The magazine _cover is
23、 red is nice. who / that (who/whom / that) whose which/that (which / that) whose 1. The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian. The woman who/ that can speak Russian got the job. 2. The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous. The teacher who/ that is famous will give us a talk. 3
24、. The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady. The lady (who/ whom/ that) he was dancing with stepped on his foot. 4. Do you know the man? You will visit him today. Do you know the man (who/ whom/ that )you will visit today? The lady with whom he was dancing stepped on his foot. 5. Th
25、e scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday. The scientist (who/ whom/ that) we met yesterday is very famous in the world. 6. The dress is new. She is wearing it. The dress (which/ that) she is wearing is new. 7. He is a kind person. I have ever worked with him. 8. This is the best
26、 film. I have ever seen this film. He is the kind person (who/ whom/ that) I have ever worked with. This is the best film that I have ever seen. He is the kind person with whom I have ever worked with. Attention! 一、一、定语从句中的定语从句中的主谓一致主谓一致问题问题 关系代词关系代词在定语从句中在定语从句中作主语作主语时，从句的时，从句的 动词在人称和数方面动词在人称和数方面应该与
27、它的应该与它的先行词保持先行词保持 一致。一致。 1. I am not one who _afraid of difficulty 2. Dont choose me, who _not fit for this job is am 1. This is one of the best books _. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written 2. She is the only one of the girls _ well i
28、n class. A. which sings B. who sing C. who sings D. whom sings 3.He is one of the boys who _ present at the meeting now. 4.He is the only one of them who _present at the meeting now. 5.He is the one of them who _present at the meeting. are is is Practice 1. Is this factory _ we visited last week? D
29、2. Is this the factory _ we visited last week? A、where B、that C、to which D、the one B 解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈 述句式。述句式。 ExercisesExercises 3. Those _are present are well. 4. Is this factory _he visited? 5. Is this the factory _ he visited? 6. The first thing _we should do is to work out
30、 a plan. 7. Look at the man and his donkey _are walking up the street. who the one (which/ that) that that Practice 二、先行词在定从中的不同成分二、先行词在定从中的不同成分, 引导词不同引导词不同: a. This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year. b. That was the time when he arrived. Do you still r
31、emember the days that (which) we spent together? c. This is the reason why / for which he went. The reason that (which) he gave us was quite reasonable. 1) She says that shell never forget the time _ shes spent working as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. howD. where 2) She says that s
32、hell never forget the time _ she works as a secretary in our company. A. which B. when C. howD. where 3) Our company will move to a tall building _ we bought last month. A. which B. when C. how D. where 4) Our company will move to a tall building _ has just been complete. A. which B. when C. how D.
33、where 5) Our company will move to a tall building _ we worked two years ago. A. where B. when C. thatD. which 1. Is this the country _ a terrible earthquake has just occurred? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. whic
34、h D. the one Exercise 3. I shall never forget those years _ I live in the farm _ you visited last week. A. when; where B. which; which C. when; which D. which; where 4. Do you know the reason _he was late? A. for which B. for what C. which D. that 5. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people wil
35、l never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 6. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that 7. I like the second football match _ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. / 8. I will never forget the day_ we studied together. A. at
36、which B. on that C. at that D. on which 9. I should like to use the same TV set _ is used in your classroom. A. which B. who C. as D. whose 10. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. on whichB. where C. in thatD. during which 11. Who can think of a situation _ this i
37、diom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 12. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 13. I have many books, some of _ are on chemistry. A. them B. that C. which D. those 14. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 15. Can you tell me the name of the factory _ you visited last week? A. what B. where C. / D. when 16. I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where
