1、1 1sculpt v雕刻，雕塑sculpture n雕刻品，雕像，雕塑作品 2oppose v反对opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的 3behave v举止behavior n举止，行为 4confuse v使困惑confusing adj.令人困惑的confused adj.困惑的 confusion n困惑 5alarm n警报器；闹钟alarmed adj.警觉的 6reflect v显示，反映reflection n显示，反映 7create v创造creative adj.创造(性)的creativity n创造性，创造力 8visible adj.看得见的
2、，可见的invisible adj.看不见的 1alarm n.惊恐，惊慌，恐慌；警报；警报器；闹钟 I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night. 恐慌 She decided to sound the alarm.警报 Acar alarm went off in the middle of the night.警报器 The alarm went off at 7 oclock闹钟 2reflect vt.反映；反射(声、光、热等)；显示；表达；沉思 Her facial expression refl
3、ected how she really felt.反映 Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community. 表达 Before I decide，I need time to reflect.沉思 Words and Phrases 知识要点 1 have trouble (in)doing sth.做某事有困难/麻烦 (教材原句 P14)Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? 你有没有问过自己，为什么人
4、们常常觉得学习英语很困难？ 例Many parents frankly admit that they have trouble bringing up their children. 许多家长坦诚，他们在抚养子女的问题上有困难。 2 知识拓展 in trouble处于困境中 out of trouble摆脱困境 get into trouble陷入困境 get sb.into/out of trouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境 take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳做某事；费神做某事 have trouble with sth.做某事有困难/麻烦 即学即练单句语法填空
5、I never have trouble in sleeping (sleep)in a strange place. Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers always help us patiently. Thanks for the trouble you have taken to help (help)us. What worries me is that I am really having trouble collecting (collect)useful information. 知识要点 2 oppos
6、ing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的 (教材原句 P15)If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”，why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair? 如果“hard”(坚硬的)是“soft”(柔软的)的反义词，为什么“hardly”(几乎不)和 “softly”(柔软地)却不是一对反义词呢？ 例My sister and I have opposing views on raising children. 我的姐姐和我在养育孩子方面持有相反的观点。 知识拓展 (1)opposite adj.相反的，
7、迥然不同的；对面的 prep.在对面 adv.在对面 n.对立面，对立的人(或物) be opposite to与相反，在对面 just the opposite正好相反 (2)oppose v.反对，抵制 oppose (doing)sth.反对(做)某事 3 be opposed to sth.反对某事 (3)opposition n.(强烈的)反对，反抗 即学即练用 oppose 的适当形式填空 The couple was looking forward to an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea after facing oppos
8、ition from parents. Not everybody agree to the plan.Some support it， while I am one of those who are opposed to it. The twins have opposing attitudes towards life.Thus， one is living happily， and the other is just the opposite 小片段填空 We should look at the two opposing sides of everything.If you are f
9、or the bright side and keep to it.But the opposite side is not always useless for us.Just the opposite we may get some inspiration.(oppose) 知识要点 3 behavio(u)r n.行为，举止；表现方式 (教材原句 P15)If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same? 如果 harmless
10、 actions(无害的行为)是 harmful actions(有害的行为)的反义词， 为什么 shameless behaviors(无耻的行为)和 shameful behaviors(可耻的行为)是同 义词呢？ 例His behavior in school is beginning to improve. 他在学校的表现开始有所好转。 知识拓展 behave v.表现；表现得体，有礼貌 behave well/badly举止得当/不得当 behave oneself守规矩，行为检点 即学即练单句语法填空 My cousin Jim didnt behave himself (he)a
11、t the party and thus left a bad impression on the guests. The boy behaved well at the banquet(宴会)and everyone praised his proper behavior(behave) 4 As a teacher，you shouldnt look down upon those students who behave badly (bad)in school.What you should do is help and love them. 小片段填空 Everyone here be
12、haves very politely and tourists are deeply impressed with their elegant behavior(behave) 知识要点 4 confusing adj.令人困惑的，难以理解的，不清楚的 (教材原句 P15)Even the smallest words can be confusing. 即使最简单的词也可能让人感到困惑。 例The instructions on the box are very confusing. 盒子上的使用说明十分令人费解。 知识拓展 (1)confuse vt.使迷惑，使糊涂；混淆 confuse
13、Awith/and B把 A 和 B 混淆 (2)confused adj.困惑的，糊涂的(常用来修 饰人或人的表情、声音等) be confused about.对感到困惑 (3)confusion n.困惑；困窘；混乱局面 in confusion困惑地；困窘地 即学即练单句语法填空 Be careful not to confuse“abroad” with/and “aboard” The two words are very similar. He looked at me in confusion (confuse)and did not answer the question.
14、When you are confused about some words in reading，you can refer to the dictionary. 小片段填空 They confused me by asking so many confusing questions.I was totally confused，standing there in confusion and not knowing what to do next.(confuse) 知识要点 5 (教材原句 P15)You also have to wonder at the unique madness
15、of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off! 5 你也一定对一门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中，当一座房子“被 烧毁”(burns down)时它就“烧毁”(burn up)了；你通过“填写它”(filling it out)的方式“填写表格”(fill in a form)；闹钟只有在它响起(goes off)时才被
16、听 到！ (1)burn up 烧毁；烧尽 例Aerobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you to burn up the fat. 有氧运动加速心脏跳动，有助于消耗更多脂肪。 知识拓展 burn down烧毁，烧掉(多指建筑物被烧塌) burn sth.off烧掉某物 burn (sth.)out烧坏；燃尽 burn.to the ground把彻底烧毁 即学即练完成句子 在火灾中，有许多房子被烧毁了。 Anumber of houses were burnt down in the fire. 快走比慢跑能消耗更多的热量。 Bri
17、sk walking burns up more calories than slow jogging. 在消防车到达之前，火已经熄灭了。 The fire had burnt out before the fire engines arrived. 在上周的这场大火中，至少九座房子被烧为平地。 At least nine houses were burned to the ground in the big fire last week. (2)alarm n.U惊恐，惊慌；C警报器，警报；闹钟 vt.使担心，使害怕，使 惊恐 例Set the alarm for 6 oclock，or y
18、ou will be late for the flight tomorrow. 把闹钟定在 6 点钟，否则你明天会误了航班。 知识拓展 (1)in alarm惊慌地(常作方式状语) raise/sound the alarm发出警报 (2)alarming adj.使人惊恐的，令人惊慌的 (3)alarmed adj.担心，害怕 6 be/feel alarmed by/at sth.因某事而担心/害怕 即学即练单句语法填空 The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming(alarm)rate ， which should arouse the
19、 governments attention. Hearing a loud noise outside his door，he jumped up in alarm. American people were alarmed at/by a series of campus fires in recent years.In each of these accidents，many deaths were reported. 小片段填空 Allthestudentswereawokenbythefirealarm(alarm)raisedbythe gatekeeper.They jumped
20、 down the beds in alarm.Some of them even feltalarmed (alarm)by the fire in front of them and cried. 知识要点 6 reflect vt.显示，表明；反射；反映，映出(影像)；沉思，认真 思考 (教材原句 P15)English was invented by people， not computers， and it reflects the creativity of the human race. 英语是由人而不是电脑发明的，它反映了人类的创造力。 例The literature of a
21、 period reflects its values. 某一时期的文学可反映出该时期的价值观。 知识拓展 (1)reflect sb./sth.in sth.在里映出 reflect on/upon.认真思考 (2)reflection n.反射，反映；映像；沉思 即学即练单句语法填空 His face was reflected(reflect)in the big mirror when he passed by. Your clothes are often a reflection (reflect)of your personality. The little boy could
22、see his fingers reflected (reflect)on the wall. 小片段填空 I think you should stop for a moment and reflect on/upon your success and failure.What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection (reflect)and a sign of respect for what the 7 last
23、speaker has said. 知识要点 7 wind up 给(机械)上发条；摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结 束 (教材原句 P15)And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends. 这也是为什么当我给手表上(紧)发条(wind up)时，它开始走，但是当我结束 (wind up)这篇文章时，它就到结尾了。 例After he got into the car，he started winding the window up. 上了车以后，他开始摇上车
24、窗。 知识拓展 wind ones way蜿蜒前进 wind down放松一下 wind up doing最终做；最终落得 即学即练单句语法填空 I find it difficult to wind down after a day at work. I wound up doing (do)the job just to keep my customers happy. The Great Wall winds its (it)way from west to east，through valleys，over mountains，across deserts until at last
25、it reaches the sea. Sentence Patterns 重点句式 1 neither.nor.既不也不 (教材原句 P14)Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. pineapple(菠萝)里既没有 pine(松树)也没有 apple(苹果)。 句式分析：neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个并列的句子成分， 当连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。 例 1Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 例 2Neither has he done it，nor wi
26、ll he do it. 他没有做过这事，他以后也不会做这事。 知识拓展 (1)可以单独使用 neither 作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。 8 (2)neither 或 nor 表示“一个人没有做某事， 另一个人也没做同一类事”时， 可用 neither 或 nor 的部分倒装句进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nor助动 词/情态动词/be 动词主语。 即学即练单句语法填空 Neither was my wife nor my parents able to persuade my daughter to change her mind. They didnt go to the
27、park yesterday.Neither/Nor did we. Qingdao and Shanghai are all beautiful cities but I have been to neither before. 重点句式 2 get sb.doing 使某人一直做或者处于某状态 (教材原句 P14)This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn. 这让我不禁思考，英语学起来怎么会是一门令人抓狂的语言。 句式分析： get sb./sth.doing 使某人一直做或者处于某状态， 宾语与宾补之
28、间 为主谓关系，且宾补动作一直在进行。 例 1He tried to get the machine running. 他尽力让机器转着。 例 2Who can get the water running? 谁能让水流着？ 知识拓展 (1)get sb.to do sth.使某人做某事 (2)get sth.done使某事被做 即学即练单句语法填空 I managed to get the car moving (move). If you can get them to talk(talk)，your problem is solved. I got that broken window r
29、eplaced (replace)at last. 重点句式 3 That/This is why.那/这就是的原因。 (教材原句 P15)That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out，they are invisible. 那就是为什么星星出来(out)时， 它们可以被看到(visible)， 但是当灯熄灭(out) 后，它们不能被看到(invisible)。 9 句式分析：That/This is why.意为“那/这就是的原因”，why 引导表语 从句，表示结果。 例 1
30、That s why more and more foreigners are interested in learning Chinese. 那就是越来越多的外国人对学汉语感兴趣的原因。 例 2That s why I insist the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice. 那就是我坚持认为长江之行是更好的选择的原因。 知识拓展 (1)This/That/It is because.这/那是因为(because 引导表语从句，表示原 因) (2)The reason why.is/was that.的原因是(why 引
31、导定语从句并在从 句中作状语；that 引导表语从句，表示原因) 即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换 Hes more of a talker than a doer.This is why he never finishes anything. From space， the earth looks blue.This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water. Tom came late for the meeting because he was ill. Tom was ill.That w
32、as why he came late for the meeting. Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill. The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill. 小片段填空 Fish prefer shallow water to deep water.That is why we see the fish swimming in the water.And that is because the former is warmer.
33、教材高考 1.Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？ (2018 天津卷)If your awareness is as sharp as it could be，youll have no trouble answering these questions. 2.Neither is there pine nor apple(2019全国卷)Without motivation，you can 10 in pineapple.neither set a goal nor reac
34、h it. 3.and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！ (2018全国卷)Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out！ 4.English was invented by people， not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race. (2019 全 国 卷 )But that changed when a system of hightech mirrors w
35、as introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks ( 山 峰)into the valley below. (2020 全 国 卷 )As the small boat moved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 5.That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights
36、 are out，they are invisible. (2018浙江卷)This is why there is a saying that if you want something done，ask a busy person to do it. .单句语法填空 1She is satisfied with the childrens good behavior (behave). 2 His writing is so confusing (confuse)that it is difficult to make out what it is he wants to express.
37、 3He admired his reflection(reflect)in the mirror. 4It is time for opposing(oppose)factions to unite and work towards a common goal. 5As teachers，we should encourage students to use their creativity (create)to express themselves. 6The mountains are invisible (visible)because of the clouds. 7Her scul
38、pture (sculpt)will be on show at the museum until the end of this month. 8Alarmed (alarm)by the noise，the birds flew away. 9Ive got a cold；that is why I wouldnt like to have a meal. 10My duty was to get the four of us studying (study)the subject. 11 .短语填空 look out of， what about， speaking of， go off
39、， for example， burn up， have trouble in，fill in，wind up，in ones free time 1Do you know how much energy you will burn up during the relay race? 2Look out of the window！Its snowing. 3If we all agree，lets wind up the discussion. 4. Speaking of bicycle，some people think it has outdated in many big citie
40、s. 5Please fill inthis form，giving your name，age and address. 6We often have trouble in using neutral pens because of its limited ink and other inconvenience. 7Prices have risen sharply.The price of vegetables，for example，has risen by over 10%. 8The gun went off and the bullet went flying over his h
41、ead. 9I play tennis in my free timeWhat about you? 10What about going out for a walk after supper? .课文语法填空 Have you ever asked 1.yourself (you)why people often have trouble 2.learning (learn)English? I hadnt，until one day my fiveyearold son asked me 3.whether there was ham in a hamburger.This got me
42、 thinking how English can be a crazy language 4.to learn (learn). Even the smallest words can be 5.confusing (confuse).You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in 6.which a house can burn up as it burns down， and in which an alarm is only 7.heard (hear)once it goes off! English 8.was invented (invent)by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the 9.lights (light)are out， they are invisible.And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，10.but when I wind up this passage，it ends.
