1、UNIT 6Earth first 英英 语语 2022 必修第二册 内 容 索 引 核心考点 课堂突破 随堂巩固 迁移运用 核心考点核心考点 课堂突破课堂突破 1.due to由于由于;因因造成造成;应支付应支付;归因于归因于 教材原句 This was not only due to fear of sharks,but also finning.(P62)这不仅 是因为害怕鲨鱼,而且是由于捕鲨割鳍。 语境巧练 写出下列句中due to 的含义 (1)The teams success was largely due to her efforts. (2)His mistake was d
2、ue to youth and inexperience. (3)I received nothing except what was due to me. (4)The rocket is due to lift off at noon on Friday. (5)Any money that is due to you will be paid before the end of the month. 归功于 因造成 应归于 预计 欠 完成句子 (6)该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。 The teams success was largely her efforts. (7)由于我的
3、语言技巧,我想我可以成为一名出色的记者。 I think I would be a good journalist . due to due to my language skills 小话题写作 (8)(2020全国新高考卷应用文写作)这一切都归功于约翰的好主意,以及 他实现它的方法。 All this was ,and the way he carried it out. 考点必记 due adj.应得的;应付的;到期的 be due to do sth预计做某事;按预定时间做某事 be due to sb应给某人的;欠某人的 due for sth某人应该得到 due to Johns
4、bright idea 易混辨析 due to,because of,owing to,thanks to due to 引出造成后果的原因。作状语、表语或定语。作状语时,一般 不用逗号与其他成分隔开,一般不放句首 because of 强调因果关系,仅作状语,一般不用逗号与其他成分隔开 owing to作状语或表语,作状语时,习惯上用逗号和句子其他部分分开 thanks to 作状语或表语,通常用于好的方面,意为“多亏”,可置于句首或句 末 名师点津 (1)当due to意为“由于;因造成;应给予”时,其中的to是介词,其后常接名 词、代词或动词-ing形式。 (2)当due to作“预计做
5、某事”时,to是不定式符号,后接动词原形。 2.devote vt.献身献身;专心于专心于 教材原句 Now,she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.(P65)现在,她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。 语境巧练 用devote的适当形式填空 (1)We were deeply moved by the of the dog to its owner. (2)He is a father because he was strict with his daughter and encourage
6、d her when she was in trouble. devotion devoted 句式升级 (3)The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children,so she has little time to care for her own daughter. the deaf children,the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(用分词短语作状语改写) 考点必记 devote.to (doing).把献给/投入到/用在 devot
7、ed adj.挚爱的;忠实的 be devoted to (doing) sth献身于;专心致志于;热爱 devotion n.深爱;忠诚;奉献,献身 Devoting herself to teaching/Devoted to teaching 名师点津 devote.to.中的to是介词,其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。类 似短语有: adapt.to.使适应;使配合 adjust.to.调节以适应 addicted to.对上瘾 apply.to.把应用于 attach.to.把附在上 3.reserve n.储备储备,储存储存;自然保护区自然保护区v.储备储备,保留保留,
8、预约预约 教材原句 Hello from Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve(SNNR).With me today is Lin Feng,a staff member working here.(P65) 大家好,这里是三江 源国家级自然保护区。今天和我一起的是林峰,一位这里的工作人员。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)Frankly speaking,I cant help you much,for I have little money reserve. (2)When I asked her how she thought of my new bo
9、ok,she expressed her opinions reserve. (3)Id like to reserve a table six for seven oclock tonight. (4)He went directly to the (reserve) seat,only to find a lady was there. (5)More nature (reserve) have been set up for endangered animals. in without for reserved reserves 完成句子 (6)我三天前在这家旅馆预订了房间。我叫鲁思卡森
10、。 I in this hotel three days ago.My name is Ruth Carson. made a reservation 考点必记 in reserve预备,储备 without reserve毫无保留地;直言不讳 keep a reserve of.for.保留以备之用 nature reserve自然保护区 reserve sth for sb为某人保留某物 reserve a room/table/seat预订房间/桌子/座位 reservation n.预约;预订 make/book a reservation预订;预约 reserved adj.保留的;
11、预订的;冷淡的 4.supply n.U供应供应,供给供给,补给补给;C供应量供应量,供给量供给量vt.提供提供,供给供给,补给补给 教材原句 Weve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes,which affect the water supply downstream.(P65)我们还看到了由这 些变化引起的干旱和洪水,这些变化影响了下游的供水。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)Id like to know the reason why the milk is short supply in this area now.
12、 (2)Mum and Dad,of course,provide regular supply of pocket money. in a 句式转换 (3)The company supplies the children in the area with the fresh milk. The company the children in the area. 考点必记 water supply供水 be in short supply供应短缺 a supply of/supplies of.的供应 supply and demand供求关系 supply sb/sth with sth向
13、提供某物 supply sth to sb/sth向提供某物 supplies the fresh milk to 名师点津 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有: provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 5.adopt vt.收养收养,领养领养;采用采用,采纳采纳 教材原句 This includes keeping the original environment from being touched,as well as adopting new,sustainable ways of feedi
14、ng farm animals.(P65)这包括保持原始环境不被触及,以及采用新的、可持续的饲 养农场动物的方法。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)After (adopt) my teachers advice,I have made rapid progress in my pronunciation. (2)(adopt)by a retired couple,Jimmy is living a happier life than before. (3)If you cannot have children of your own,why not consider (adopt)? (4)
15、Although I was adopted an alternative basketball player for our school team,I still felt very excited. adopting Adopted adoption as 小话题写作 (5)(2019北京卷书面表达)我希望你采纳我的建议,祝你玩得愉快。 I hope you would and have a good time. 考点必记 adopt an approach采纳方法 adopt sb as.挑选某人做 adoption n.采用;收养 adopted adj.被收养的;被采用的 名师点津
16、 adopt与adapt 是容易混淆的形似词,adapt意为“适应;改编”。 adopt my suggestions 6.reduce vt.减少减少;减缩减缩 教材原句 Reduce waste by choosing reusable products.(P66)通过选择可 重复使用的产品来减少浪费 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)The Education Ministry plans to reduce the rate of short-eyesight among students 0.5% every year from 2018 till 2023. (2)The number
17、 of students in one class will be reduced not more than 50. by to 翻译句子 (3)一场大地震使他们的房屋成为一片废墟。(reduce,ruin) 考点必记 reduce.to.减少到 reduce.by.把减少了 be reduced to sth/doing sth处于/沦落到 reduction n.减少 A big earthquake reduced their houses to ruins. 7.majority n.多数多数,大多数大多数(人或物人或物) 教材原句 Most of us are aware that
18、 we must take care of the environment,and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.(P68)我们大多数人都知道,我们必须保护环境,我们大 多数人都采取措施,以节省能源,减少浪费和污染。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)Our country is a traditional agricultural society,with a majority farming population. (2)But even though some Briti
19、sh people are quite strange,the majority of them (be) really friendly and Ive made some good friends. (3)I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college. of are in 句式升级 (4)Generally speaking,if you look at the audience at a class
20、ical concert,most of them are over the age of fifty. Generally speaking,if you look at the audience at a classical concert, them are over the age of fifty.(升级加黑词汇) the majority of 考点必记 a/the majority of.大多数 be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数 minority n.少数 be in the/a minority 占少数 major n.主修adj. 主要的 major
21、 in主修;以为专业 8.amount n.数量数量vi.总计总计,合计合计 教材原句 However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.(P68)然而,制 造一个纸袋所需的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍,用水量多达三倍。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)Huge amounts of oil (be) floating on the surface of the sea,which is a threa
22、t to seabirds. (2)Look!A large amount of black cloud (be) gathering overhead. (3)The money British people spend feeding their pets amounts 1.9 billion pounds every year. are is to 用amount与number短语完成小语段 (4)The factory had accidentally released waste into the sea.And sea water were polluted.As a resul
23、t, sea animals died. 考点必记 “a huge/large amount of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 “huge/large amounts of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 amount to总计;达到。 a large amount of large amounts of a large number of 名师点津 (1)修饰可数名词复数:many,a good/great many,a good/large number of等; (2)修饰不可数名词:much,a good/great deal of等; (3)既可修饰可数名
24、词复数又可修饰不可数名词:a lot of,lots of,a quantity of,quantities of,plenty of等。 9.倍数表达法倍数表达法 教材原句 However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.(P68)然而,制 造一个纸袋所需的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍,用水量多达三倍。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)This bridge is three times the (
25、wide) of that one. (2)The population now in this village is five times it was ten years ago. width what 一句多译 (3)我们的新房子是旧房子的三倍大。 Our new house is three times the old one. Our new house is three times the old one. Our new house is three times the old one. as large as larger than the size of 考点必记 .倍数+a
26、s+形容词/副词原级+as. .倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than. .倍数+the size/length/weight/height of. .倍数+that of. .倍数+what. 10.take.into account/consideration 考虑考虑 教材原句 In some cases,local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way awayeven taking into account its trans
27、port.(P69)在某些情况下,本地农产品可能比在 很远的地方生产的农产品消耗更多的能源,产生更多的温室气体甚至 要考虑到其运输。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)When judging his performance,dont take his age account. (2)The poor weather may have accounted the small crowd. (3) no account should the house be left unlocked. (4)She retired early on account ill health. into for On
28、of 一句多译 (5)做计划的时候,我们应该把每一件事情都考虑进去。 Everything should be taken into account when making a plan. We should take everything into account/consideration when making a plan. We should take account of everything when making a plan. 考点必记 take account of 考虑 account for.是的原因;解释;(数量上、比例上)占 on account of因为,由于 o
29、n no account决不(位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构) 11.urge vt.催促催促;极力主张极力主张;驱策驱策n.强烈的欲望强烈的欲望;冲动冲动 教材原句 It urges people to save food by not wasting anything on the dining table.(P71)它敦促人们不要浪费餐桌上的任何东西来节省食物。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)It is urged that the library (keep) open during the vacation. (2)Now,when my sister or I start to
30、ask for something that seems (urge),my dad gently asks,“Do you have a pillow?” (should) be kept urgent 一句多译 (3)公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次发生。 The public urged that the government measures to prevent such cases from happening again. The public urged the government measures to prevent such cases from happe
31、ning again. (should) take to take 考点必记 urge sb to do sth力劝/敦促某人做某事 urge that.(should) do sth极力主张;强烈要求 It is urged that.(should) do sth 坚决要求 urgency n. 紧急;紧急情况 urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的 12.contribute vt.贡献贡献;捐助捐助;投稿投稿 教材原句 Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon footprint.Add any more you can th
32、ink of.(P72)看看有助于碳足迹的三个项目,再加上你能 想到的东西。 语境巧练 单句语法填空 (1)Scientists around the world have made great (contribute) to the development of the society. (2)Many factors contributed the decline of the number of big trees in California. (3)He got promoted for his (contribute) to the company. (4)The famous wr
33、iter is one of the several authors (contribute) to the book. contributions to contributions contributing 完成句子 (5)Eating too much and lack of exercise (导致)his being too fat. 根据汉语提示完成文段 Many people (6) (为捐钱) the poor boy,which (7)(有助于) his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about this and (8)
34、(将它投稿给) a newspaper. contribute/lead to contributed money to contributed to contributed it to 考点必记 contribute.to.向捐献;向投稿 contribute to为做贡献;(=lead to/cause)促成,造成(to是介词,后面跟 动词时,要用动词-ing形式) contribution n.贡献,捐款(赠) make contributions/a contribution to为做贡献 (to为介词) contributor n.捐助者;投稿者 随堂巩固随堂巩固 迁移运用迁移运用
35、.单句语法填空 1.The term Nigger Jim,for which he is often (severe) criticized,never appears in his novel any longer. 2.Professor H.Siegel is a (devote) teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in the ways that make them seem clear and obvious. 3.The deliberate (cruel)of his words cut he
36、r like a knife. 4.As for students like us,we should have a good attitude failure. 5.Recently,the company ( target) by animal rights groups for its use of dogs in drugs trials. severely devoted cruelty towards/to has been targeted 6.Nowadays people are more (concern) about the environment where they
37、live. 7.How do you account making so many mistakes in your homework? 8.Many species of plants and animals are in danger of (extinct). 9. (fortunate),no one was hurt on the plane,which later landed safely in the citys airport. 10.When my old friend Brian urged me (accept) a cigarette,it was more than
38、 I could bear. concerned for extinction Fortunately to accept .微完形填空 Unfortunately,it took a horrible accident to change Kerrys 1.Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost 2 to deal with was that the day before the 3,Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole ti
39、me criticizing her 4 of boyfriends,the way she was living,and various other things she felt she needed to 5.It wasnt until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 6 her habit of finding fault.Very quickly,she learned to appreciate life rather than to 7 everything so harshly (刻薄).She was able to
40、transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 8 as well. 1.A.attitude B.plan C.measureD.explanation 2.A.urgentB.unnecessary C.certainD.impossible 3.A.occasionB.event C.accidentD.adventure 4.A.memoryB.notice C.evidenceD.choice 5.A.hearB.contribute C.expressD.admit 6.A.aware ofB.afraid of C.curious ab
41、outD.confused about 7.A.discussB.realize C.judgeD.settle 8.A.familyB.life C.careerD.education 1.A2.D3.C4.D5.C6.A7.C8.B .情境作文 假设你是李华,你打算向校报投稿介绍生活中如何减少浪费和污染,据此写 一篇短文,介绍环保知识,词数60左右。 参考参考范文范文 In our daily life,a majority of people realize the importance of environment protection.We have to take action to reduce waste and pollution.For example,turn off the lights and taps when we leave,take public transportation as much as possible,and try to use reusable tableware,etc.
