1、Unit 6Nurturing nature Period 2 Using language 知识点梳理知识点梳理 单元语法精讲精练单元语法精讲精练现在完成进行时 I.语法感知语法感知 感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题 1All this time，the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. 2The journey has been flying by，and before I know it. 3The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting peoples admiratio
2、n for centuries. 4Now，thanks to our efforts，passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes. 现在完成进行时表示动作开始于过去，并一直持续到现在，动作可能仍在进行，也可能刚刚 结束。现在完成进行时的构成：have/has been现在分词，如句 1、句 2、句 3 和句 4。 II.语法精析语法精析 一、现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时由“have/has been现在分词”构成。 1现在完成进行时的用法 (1)现在完成进行时表示动作从过去
3、某一时刻开始一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，其 动作是否继续下去，则由上下文语境而定。该时态多用于延续性动词，如 live，learn，lie， stay， sit， wait， stand， rest， study 等， 并常和 all this week， this month， all night， all the morning， recently 等时间状语以及 since 和 for 引导的时间状语连用(与 since 和 for 连用时，动作常会 继续下去)。 I have been waiting for an hour and he still hasnt turned u
4、p. 我已经等了一个小时了，可他还没出现。 Ive been writing letters all this morning. 今天上午我一直在写信。 How long have you been living here? 你在这里住了多久了？ (2)有时现在完成进行时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。 这时现在完成进行时可用于瞬间动词。 Hes been shaving since last year. 他从去年开始就一直刮脸。 You have been saying for a year that you will study abroad.整整一年你都在说要出
5、国学习。 2现在完成进行时中时间状语的省略 现在完成进行时在上下文清楚时亦可不用时间状语。 这种现在完成进行时多指“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作，一般不再继续，并往往含有一种直接 的结果。 Youve been working too hard. 你工作太辛苦了。(直接结果可能是你一定很累了) Youve been smoking again. 你又抽烟了。(暗含结果是你身上有烟味) Whos been insulting you? 谁欺负你了？(对方可能在哭) 3现在完成进行时的感情色彩 现在完成进行时和其他进行时态一样，也可以带有感情色彩。 I have been wanting to me
6、et you for a long time. 和你见面是我盼望已久的事。 Too much has been happening today. 今天发生太多事了。 二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时 现在完成进行时是兼有现在完成时和现在进行时二者基本特点的时态。 由于它有现在完 成时的特点， 所以它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响； 由于它有现在进行时的特 点，所以它也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性乃至感情色彩。 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较： 1现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。 Have you been meeting him re
7、cently? 你最近常和他见面吗？ Have you met him recently? 你最近见过他吗？ 2现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩，而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。 I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。(可能表示不满) I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。(说明一个事实) 3现在完成进行时强调动作，而现在完成时强调结果。 Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃橘子呀？(还剩余一些) Who has eaten the or
8、anges? 谁把橘子吃了？(强调吃得一个不剩) 4有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如：表示状态的动词：be， have，exist 等；表示感情的动词：like，love 等；表示感觉的动词：see，hear，know 等。 He has had a cold for a week. 他已经感冒一周了。 I have liked jazz since I was a teenager. 从青少年起我就喜欢爵士乐了。 I have known her for a long time. 我已经认识她很长时间了。 5与一段时间连用时可以用现在完成时也可以用现在完成进行时；但与“
9、次数”连用时只能 用现在完成时，不能用现在完成进行时。 It hasnt rained for six weeks. 已经六个星期没下雨了。 It has been raining since yesterday and it is still raining. 从昨天起，就一直在下雨，而且现在还在下。 He has rung me up five times since 12 oclock. 从十二点后，他已经给我打了五次电话。 He has been ringing me up all the morning. 他整个上午一直在给我打电话。 6这两种时态都可以表示动作的延续，区别在于：现在
10、完成进行时更强调动作的延续性， 可以说是现在完成时的强调形式。 We have been living here for ten years. We have lived here for ten years. 我们在这里住了十年了。 7在没有时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行，而现在完成时则表示动 作到现在已经结束。 The students have been preparing for the exam. 学生们一直在为考试做准备。(还在进行) The students have prepared for the exam. 学生们已经为考试做了准备。(已经结束) III.
11、高考链接高考链接 A.用所给词动词的适当时态填空 1She _(recite) the words all the evening. 2I work in America now，but I _(work) in Japan for ten years. 3Thousands of films _(produce) all over the world so far. 4It is the first time that she _(read) such an interesting book. 5You _(sit) at the computer all day.You must be t
12、ired. 6I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _(make) over the years. 7I _(read) half of the English novel，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend. 8The telephone _(ring) for almost a minute，why doesnt someone answer it? 9Since 2011，the country _(grow) more corn than rice. 10F
13、or the past two years，Gordons students _(study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity. 答案：答案： 1.has been reciting2.worked3.have been produced4.has read5.have been sitting 6.have made7.have read8.has been ringing9.has grown10.have been studying B.完成句子 1Your clothes are covered with dust.You _ the cla
14、ssroom，I think. 你的衣服满是灰尘，我想你刚才一直在打扫教室吧。 2You look thin and tired.You _ too hard. 你看起来又瘦又累，你近来工作一定很辛苦。 3_ you can succeed for five years. 五年来你一直在说你能成功。 4I _ some cities of China this month. 这个月我一直在访问中国的几个城市。 5I _ this book for two hours，but I havent finished it. 这本书我已读了两小时了，但我还没读完。 答案：答案： 1.have been
15、 cleaning2.have been working3.have been working 4.have been working5.have been reading C.单句写作 1整个早上这个年轻人一直站在窗边。(stand) _ 2你到底为什么一直在那里大声喧哗？(talk) _ 3她的眼睛红红的，显然哭了很长时间了。(cry) _ 4他一直在那里抱怨，这使我们很烦。(complain) _ 5那些申请者谈论他们的面试已经很长时间了。(talk about) _ 6在你到达之前，他们一直在房间里等着。(wait) _ 7房子外面的噪音已经困扰他好几年了。(disturb) _ 答案
16、：答案： 1.The young man has been standing by the window the whole morning. 2.Why is it that you have been talking so loudly there? 3.Her eyes are red.It is obvious that she has been crying for a long time. 4.He has been complaining there，which makes us very disturbed. 5.The applicants have been talking about their interviews for a long time. 6.They had been waiting in the room before you arrived. 7.The noise outside the house has been disturbing him for several years.
