（2021新人教版）高中英语选择性必修第二册重点单词和短语默写(全册一套打包).zip

1 Unit 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND 重点单词和短语默写 一、重点单词一、重点单词 1.airline n._ 2.bay n._ 3.craft n._ 4.massive adj._ 5.literally adv._ 6.bound adj._ 7.scenery n._ 8.spectacular adj._ n._ 9.goat n._ 10.grizzly bear_ 11.drill vi.古董 adj.古老的;古董的 16._adj.令人愉快的;友好的 17._vi.起身;出现;由引起 18._n.呼吸的空气 19._adj.令人惊叹的;可怕的;很好的 20._n.顶峰;山峰;尖形 21._n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出;强调;使醒目 22._vi.(使)冻住_adj.极冷 的;冰冻的 23._vt.预料;预见;期望 24._ n.一束;一串 25._vi.打雷;轰隆隆地响;轰隆隆地快速移动n.雷声; 轰隆声 26._ n.霜;严寒天气;霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜vi.结霜 3 27._ n.窗帘 28._n.国界;边界(地区) 29._ n.持续时间;期间 30.enrol (enroll)vi.反正 35._prep.在旁边;与一起 adv.在旁边 二、重点短语二、重点短语 1.take sbs breath away_ 2.start out_ 3.a couple of_ 4._ 除之外 5._一束;一群 6._拉开;使退出 4 7.make a profit_ 8.transform from_ 9.enrol in_ 10.later on_ 11._追溯到 12._在前面 13._谋生 14._比平常;比以往 15.as hot as an oven_ 16.kill time_ 17.close to_ 18._相反的;相对立的 19._当心 20._在某人去的路上 答案答案： 1重点单词重点单词 5 1. 航空公司 2. 湾 3. 手艺 4. 巨大的 5. 字面上 6. 准备前往(某地);一定会 7. 风景，景色 8. 壮观的 壮丽的场面 9. 山羊 10. 灰熊 11. 钻孔 12. 购物广场 13. 北美草原 14. 海港 15. Antique 16. Pleasant 17. Arise 6 18. Breath 19. Awesome 20. Peak 21. Highlight 22. Freeze freezing 23. anticipate 24. Bunch 25. Thunder 26. Frost 27. Curtain 28. Border 29. Duration 30. (使)加入;注册;登记 31. 采石场 32. 习语;成语 33. 相反的； 相反的事物 34. Anyhow 7 35. alongside 2重点短语重点短语 1.令人惊叹 2.出发 3.一对 4.in addition to 5.in addition to 6.pull back 7.盈利 8.转换自 9.加入 10.过后 11.date back to 12.ahead of 13. make a living 14.than usual 15.热得像火炉 8 16.消磨时间 17.离近 18.contrary to 19.take care 20.on ones way to 1 Unit1 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” 约翰约翰斯诺战胜斯诺战胜“霍乱王霍乱王” Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death.In the early19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all. 霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一，直到英国医生约翰斯诺展示了如何 克服它。这种疾病会导致严重的腹泻、脱水，甚至死亡。19 世纪初，霍乱在欧 洲爆发，数百万人死于这种疾病。作为一名年轻的医生，约翰斯诺非常的沮丧， 因为没有人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱。随着时间的推移，他成为了一名著名的 医生，甚至在维多利亚女王生孩子时照顾过她。然而，他从未失去彻底消灭霍 乱的愿望。 In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how Cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. 一般来说，当时的医生们有两种相互矛盾的理论来解释霍乱是如何传播的。 2 有一种理论认为是恶劣的空气导致了这种疾病。另一种理论是霍乱是由食物或 水中的细菌感染引起的。斯诺赞同第二种理论。理论是正确的，但他仍然需要 证据。因此，当 1854 年伦敦爆发霍乱时，斯诺开始进行调查。他发现在两条特 定的街道霍乱爆发非常严重，10 天内就有 500 多人死亡。他决心找出原因。 Snow began by marking on a map the exact place where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37,38, and 40). However, some household s (such as20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What is more,in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Sno w was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks. 起初，斯诺在地图上标出了所有死去的人曾经居住过的确切地点。布罗德 街(Broad Street)的水泵附近有多人死亡(尤其是 16、37、38 和 40 号房子)。但是， 一些家庭(如布罗德街 20 号和 21 号，剑桥街 8 号和 9 号)没有死亡。这些人在 剑桥街 7 号的酒吧工作。他们得到了免费的啤酒，所以没有喝从水泵里抽出来 的水。斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。更重要的是，在伦敦的另一个地方，一个女 人和她的女儿在离开布罗德街后死于霍乱。这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水， 所以她每天都让人把水送到家里来。有了这个证据，约翰斯诺就能宣布水泵里 的水携带霍乱病菌。因此，他把泵的把手拿下来，使它不能使用。通过这一干 预措施，疾病被遏制住了。 The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and 3 the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 事实是，从布罗德街水泵流出的水受到了废物的污染。此外，斯诺后来还 指出了其他霍乱病例与伦敦不同供水公司之间的联系。一些公司出售被未经处 理的废水污染的泰晤士河水。喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或开水的人更容易得霍 乱。 Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is stil l a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientist study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology 通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净水，世界各地霍乱的威胁大 幅减少。然而，霍乱仍然是个问题。每年，世界上有数百万人感染霍乱，许多 人因此而死亡。幸运的是，多亏了约翰斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了如何预防 霍乱。此外，通过对地图和统计数据的运用，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方 式，因此，他被认为是现代流行病学之父。 Unit2 “WELCOME ,XIE LEI” “欢迎，谢蕾欢迎，谢蕾” Six months ago, 19-year-old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and boarded a plane for London. It was the first time that she had left China.“I was very excited but also quite nervous. I didnt know what to expect, Xie Lei recalled. 4 半年前，19 岁的谢蕾告别了家人和朋友，登上飞机前往伦敦，这是她第一 次离开中国。“我既兴奋又紧张。我不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆道。 Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and has come to our university on a year- long exchange programme. I chose the exchange programme because I wanted to learn about global business and improve my English. My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation, she explained. 谢蕾正在中国的一所大学学习商业资格，她来我校参加为期一年的交换项 目。“我选择这个交换项目是因为我想学习全球商业知识，提高我的英语水平。 我的志向是毕业后在中国创业。”她解释道。 At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. You have to get used to a whole new1ife,” she said.“I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didnt know the English names for.When I got lost, I had to ask passers- by for help, but people here speak fast and use words lm not familiar with. I ask them to repeat themselves a lot! 一开始，谢蕾必须适应一个不同的国家的生活，她说:“你必须适应一种全 新的生活。”“我必须学会如何使用公共交通，以及如何询问那些我不知道英文 名称的东西。当我迷路的时候，我不得不向过路人寻求帮助，但是这里的人说 话很快，而且用我不熟悉的词。我让他们重复好几遍!” Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation，Xie Lei chose to live with a host family. who can help with her adaptation to the new culture.When I miss home,I feel comforted to have a second family, XieLei said. When theres something I dont know or understand, I can ask them, They are also keen to learn about China. Laura, the daughter of my host family, wants to study in China in the future. We take turns to cook each evening.They really love my stir-fried tomatoes and eggs! Laura says she always feels 5 hungry when she smells it, so I taught her how to cook it, too. 虽然有些外国学生住在学校宿舍，但谢蕾选择了寄宿家庭。这可以帮助她 适应新的文化。谢蕾说:“当我想家的时候，有第二个家庭让我感到很欣慰。” “当我有不知道或不明白的事情时，我可以问他们，他们也渴望了解中国。劳拉 是我寄宿家庭的女儿，她将来想去中国学习。我们每天晚上轮流做饭。他们真 的很喜欢我的西红柿炒鸡蛋!劳拉说，她一闻到这道菜就会觉得饿，所以我也教 她怎么做。” Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas. but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought! Xie Lei was confused because she thought she knew less than other people. Her tutor advised her to read lots of information in order to form a wise opinion of her own. 谢蕾面临的另一个挑战是学业要求。第一次写论文时，她的导师解释说， 如果她引用别人的观点，就一定要注明，不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么 想的。谢磊很困惑，因为她认为自己比别人知道的少。她的导师建议她多读一 些信息，以便形成自己的明智观点。 Xie Lei also found many courses included students participation in class as part of the final result. Students need to generate ideas, offer examples, apply concepts, and raise questions, As well as give presentations. At first.Xie Lei had no idea what she should say but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.My presentation on traditional Chinese art was a great success,which boosted my confidence. she said. Ill use these skills back home for presentations. Theyll help me build a strong business in the future. 谢蕾还发现，很多课程的最终成绩都包含了学生的课堂参与。学生需要产生 6 想法，提供例子，应用概念和提出问题，“以及做演示。首先。谢磊不知道自己 该说些什么，但令她吃惊的是，仅仅几周后，她就发现自己可以在课堂上发言 了。她说:“我关于中国传统艺术的演讲非常成功，这增强了我的信心。”我会在 回家做演讲时用到这些技巧。他们将帮助我在未来建立一个强大的企业。 Now halfway through her exchange year,Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK.What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.Engaging in British culture has helpe d, she said.“As well as studying hard, Ive been involved in social activities.British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it,so Im keen to share my culture with th em.While Im learning about business,Im also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us. 现在一年的交流时间已过半，谢蕾感到她在英国的学习和生活自如多了。 以前觉得奇怪的事情现在对她来说已经很正常了。除了努力学习，我还参加社 会活动。英国人对我们的文化很着迷，也很想了解更多，所以我很想和他们分 享我的文化。我攻读商科的同时也是一个文化使者，在中外文化之间架起了一 座桥梁。” We will follow Xie Leis progress in later editions,but for now, we wish her all the best. 我们将在以后的版本中关注谢蕾的进展，但现在，我们祝她一切顺利。 1 Unit 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 重点单词和短语重点单词和短语 1、重点单词重点单词 1. cholera n._ 2.diarrhoea n._ 3.dehydration n._ 4.contradictory adj._ 5.germ n._ 6.pump n._ 7.household n._ 8.raw adj._ 9.pure adj._ 10.statistic n.pl. _ 11.epidemiology n._ 12._ adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的 13._adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的 14._vt.使感染;传染_ n.感染;传染 15._ vt.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费) 16._ n.证据;证明;检验 17._adj.数量多的;多种多样的 18._ vt.疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象 19._ vt.把归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责 2 20._ n.把手;拉手;柄vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具 等) 21._n.介入;出面;干涉 22._ n.联系;纽带vt.把连接起来;相关联 23._ adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的 24._n.减少;降低;减少量vt.减小; 降低 25._ vt.使改观;使改变形态vi.改变;转变 26._n.显微镜 27.cell n._ 28.virus n._ 29.finding n._ 30.vaccine n._ 31._n.思想;思维;见解 32._n.蛋白质 33._ adj.最初的;开始的;第一的 34._n.框架;结构 35._adj.可靠的;固体的;坚实的n.固体 36._ vt.投射;向投以(视线、笑容等);投掷 37._n.阴影;影子;背光处 38._n.彩虹 39._ vt.倒出;倾泻;斟(饮料) 3 40._ n.混凝土adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体的 41.plasma n._ 42.aerospace n._ 43.patriotic adj._ 44.aviation n._ 45.jet n._ 46.missile n._ 47.steady adj._ 48.besides prep._ adv._ 49.furthermore adv._ 50.shift n._vt._ 2、重点短语重点短语 1._ 最终地;彻底地 2._ 同意;赞同 3._ 幸亏;由于 4._ 水泵 5._照料;照顾 6.die from_ 7.give birth _ 8.in general _ 9.find out_ 10.as a result of_ 4 11.theoretical framework_ 12.make sense_ 13.calm down _ 14.deal with _ 15.get down to doing sth _ 16._打开 17._依靠 18._集中于;专注于 19._执行 20._与有联系 21._代替;而不是 22._有时 23._同时 24.cast shadows _ 25.put pressure on _ 26.in fact _ 27.in the form of _ 28._(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发 29._主管;掌管 30._患(病);染上(小病) 31._最重要的是;尤其是 32._做出决定 5 33.discourage sb from doing sth _ 34.under ones leadership_ 35.be traced back to_ 36.point out _ 37.benefit from _ 答案： 1. 霍乱 2. 腹泻 3. 脱水 4. 相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的 5. 微生物 6. 抽水机 7. 一家人 8. 生的 9. 干净 10. 统计数字 11. 流行病学 12. severe 13. Frustrated 14. Infect infection 15. Subscribe 16. Proof 6 17. Multiple 18. Suspect 19. Blame 20. Handle 21. Intervention 22. Link 23. Substantial 24. Decrease 25. Transform 26. Microscope 27. 细胞 28. 病毒 29. 发现 30. 疫苗 31. Thinking 32. Protein 33. Initial 34. Framework 35. Solid 36. Cast 37. Shadow 38. Rainbow 7 39. Pour 40. Concrete 41. 血浆 42. 航空航天工业 43. 爱国的 44. 航空制造业 45. 喷气式飞机 46. 导弹 47. 稳定的 48. 除之外(还);而且 49. 此外 50. 改变 转移 二、重点短语 1.once and for all 2.subscribe to 3.thanks to 4.water pump 5.attend to 6.死于 7.分娩 8.一般来说 9.查明 8 10.由于 11.理论框架 12.有意义 13.平静下来 14. 处理 15.着手做某事 16.turn on 17.depend on 18.focus on 19.carry out 20.be related to 21.instead of 22.at times 23.at the same time 24.投下阴影 25.给施加压力 26.实际上 27.以的形式 28.break out 29.in charge of e down with 31.above all 9 32.make a decision 33.阻止某人做某事 34.在的领导下 35.追溯到 36.指出 37.从.获益 1 Unit 2 BRIDGING CULTURES 重点单词和短语重点单词和短语 1、重点单词重点单词 plex adj._ 2.tutor n. _ 3.cite vt. _ 4.presentation n._ 5.messenger n._ 6.edition n._ 7._ vt.记起;回想起 8._ vt.(使)合格 9._ n.追求的目标;夙愿;野心;抱负_ adj.有野心的;有雄心的 10._ n.适应;改编本 11._ n.安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物;舒服;安逸vt.安 慰;抚慰 12._ vi.参加;参与_ n.参加;参与 2 13._ vi.参加;参与(活动)vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣) 14._ vt.包含;需要;涉及;影响;(使)参加 15.zone n._ 16.overwhelming adj._ 17.homesickness n._ 18.advisor n._ 19.reasonable adj._ 20._ vt.成为的动机;激发;激励_ n. 动力;积极性;动机_ adj.积极的;主动的 21._ n.期望;预期;期待 22._ n.申请人 23._ n.公司;商行;事务所adj.结实的;牢固的;坚定的 24._ vt.使接触;使体验;显露;使暴露于(险境) _ n.接触;体验;暴露;揭露 25._ n.洞察力;眼光 26._ n.离开;启程;出发 27._ n.环境;背景;(小说等的)情节背景 3 28._ vt.理解;领会;抓紧 29.dramatic adj. _ 30.tremendous adj._ 31.boom vi.参与 4 7._ 大声点说;明确表态 8._ 舒服自在;不拘束 9._ (使)从事;参与 10._ 参与;卷入;与有关联 11._ 文化冲击 12._ 舒适区;舒适范围 13._ 与相比;比作 14._ 遭受;患(病) 15._ 爱上 16.step out of _ 17.feel confused_ 18.become confident in_ 19.keep balance_ 20._ 在有麻烦 21._ 坏了;消除 22._ 喜欢;感觉像 23.bring.together _ 5 24.be keen on _ 25.sound like _ 26.start with _ 27._ (使)花一大笔钱 28._ 支持;站在的一边 29._ 据我所知 30._ 就我而言;依我看来 31._ 总的来说;总之 32._ 一般来说 33.contribute to _ 34.cooperate with _ 35.all in all _ 36.apply for _ 37.be competent with _ 答案： 一、重点单词一、重点单词 1.复杂的;难懂的;复合的 6 2.助教，导师 3.引用，引述 4.报告;陈述;出示;拿出 5. 送信人 6. (报纸,杂志)一份;(广播、电视节目)一期,一辑;版次 7. Recall 8. Qualify 9. Ambition Ambitious 10. Adaptation 11. Comfort 12. Participate participation 13. Engage 14. Involve 15. 地区 16. 无法抗拒的 17. 乡愁 7 18. 顾问 19. 有道理的 20. Motivate motivation motivated 21. Expectation 22. Applicant 23. Firm 24. Expose exposure 25. Insight 26. Departure 27. Setting 28. Grasp 29. 突然的 30. 巨大的 31. 迅速发展 32. 否定 33. 角度，观点 34. 使节 8 35. 角度，立场 36. 前景 二、重点短语 1.迷路 2.向.道别 3.轮流 4.适应 5.习惯于 6.participate in 7.speak up 8.feel at home 9.engage in 10.get involved in 11.cultural shock fort zone pared to 14.suffer from 9 15.fall in love with 16. 从走出来 17.感到迷惑 18.对.有信心 19.保持平衡 20.have trouble with 21.break down 22.feel like 23.把聚集在一起 24.喜爱 25.听起来像 26.以.开始 27.cost an arm and a leg 28.side with 29.as far as I know 30.as far as I am concerned 31.in summary 10 32.generally speaking 33.贡献 34.合作 35.总之 36.申请 37.胜任 1 Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE 重点单词和短语默写重点单词和短语默写 1、重点单词重点单词 1.pepper n._ 2.recipe n._ 3.chef n._ 4.peppercorn n._ 5.onion n._ 6.lamb n._ 7.garlic n._ 8.bacon n._ 9.ham n._ 10.sausage n._ 11.cabbage n._ 12.bean curd(=tofu) n._ 13._n.菜肴;风味;烹饪 14._adj.先前的;优先的 2 15._adj.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的 16._n.醋 17._vt.填满;把塞进n.东西;物品 18._n.(切下的食物)薄片vt.把切成薄片 19._adj.精美的;讲究的;文雅的 20._adj.特别的;罕见的 21._adj.最低(限度)的;最小的n.最小值;最少量 22._vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗 23._ n.脾气;火气 24._n.素食者 25._n.无用的东西 26.brand n._ 27.olive n._ 28.fig n._ 29.ingredient n._ 30.dough n._ 31.haggis n._ 3 32._n.(饭后)甜点 33._adj.稳定的;稳重的 34._ n.食堂;餐厅 35._ n.自助餐厅;自助食堂 36.bun n._ 37.chilli n._ 38._ n.猪肉 39._ n.珍珠 40._ adv.有点;稍微 41._n.夫人;女士 2、重点短语重点短语 1.be linked to_ 2.at a minimum_ 3.a case in point_ 4.junk food_ 5.lamb kebab _ 6.be stuffed with_ 4 7._在之前的 8._由组成(或构成) 9._切下 10._提到;涉及;查阅 11._结果 12._手拉手 13.at least _ 14.be regarded as _ 15.switch o