1、 To learn relative clauses. To compare the relative clauses: where, when, why and in/at which. To learn how to give reasons. Try to find if the underlined phrases give essential or extra information. Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. But it was also a time whe
2、n there were many great philosophers. Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest. Mozi was another teacher who was very influential. Joe came from a family which was very poor. 1. It was a time when people were divided geographically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven m
3、ajor states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Underline the restrictive relative cla
4、uses. Find the relative adverbials. time placereason when wherewhy relative adverbials 关系副词关系副词 = which 介词介词(in/on/at) This is our school _ we study and make friends. Change two simple sentences into an attributive clause. We study and make friends in this school. where This is our school. The most
5、unforgettable school activity is the art festival. We had great fun in art festival. The most unforgettable school activity is the art festival _. when we had great fun Fill in the table to complete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause. the daywhen the reason why the place where the place/
6、 time in/at which I was born I was late I study I work Use the phrases to make complete sentences. The day when I was born _. was very important the daywhenI was born the reason why the place where the place/ time in/at which I was late I study I work The reason why I was late _.is my broken clock t
7、he daywhenI was born the reason why the place where the place/ time in/at which I was late I study I work The place where I study _.is very beautiful The place in which I work _.is a big company Review the relative words. person time thingplacereason who that whichwhom whose when wherewhy relative a
8、dverbials 关系副词关系副词 relative pronouns 关系关系代代词词 that whose Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary. When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my
9、 mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. lt was exercise for the brain; where n.舌头舌头;语言语言 vi.搏斗搏斗 the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that
10、 day _ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place _ I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view, I felt as if I had reached the goal _ I had been fighting
11、for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason _ my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks, Mum! when which/that where why 观点观点;看法看法 Ask and Answer questions. 定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用，修饰某定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用，修饰某 个名词、代词或整个主句的从句。个名词、代词或整个主句的从句。 引导定语从句的有关系代词
12、引导定语从句的有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose和关系副词和关系副词where, when, why等。等。 其选用由先行词在从句中的成分来确定，关其选用由先行词在从句中的成分来确定，关 系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语或定系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语或定 语，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。语，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。 一、关系代词一、关系代词 关系关系 代词代词 句法句法 功能功能 指代功指代功 能能 例句例句 that 主语主语/ 宾语宾语 人人/物物 My cousin is no longer the man that he used to
13、be. A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read. 关系关系 代词代词 句法功句法功 能能 指代指代 功能功能 例句例句 which 主语或主语或 宾语宾语 物物 Jim drives a car which can travel 150 miles an hour. Where is the book which I bought this morning? who 主语、主语、 非正式非正式 语体中语体中 也可作也可作 宾语宾语 人人 Hes the man who lives next door to us. The
14、woman who we met at the school gate is Wei Fangs mother. 关系关系 代词代词 句法句法 功能功能 指代指代 功能功能 例句例句 whom宾语宾语人人 The man whom I spoke to just now is called Smith. whose定语定语人人/物物 This is the famous doctor whose daughter teaches in our school. Could you pass me the book whose cover is blue? 1. 注意用注意用that引导不用引导不
15、用which的情况：的情况： 当先行词为当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none等不定代词或先等不定代词或先 行词被行词被only, few, little, no, all, every, very等等 词修饰时。词修饰时。 当先行词同时包括人和物时。当先行词同时包括人和物时。 当先行词前有序数词或形容词的最高级修当先行词前有序数词或形容词的最高级修 饰时。饰时。 2. 介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用 which代物，用代物，用whom代人。代人。 介词取决于先行词的搭
16、配或从句中的动词、介词取决于先行词的搭配或从句中的动词、 形容词等的搭配及主从句的意义。形容词等的搭配及主从句的意义。 e.g. I finished reading the book in which the 13-year-old boy describes his life. The girl with whom you talked at the meeting is a college student. 二、关系副词二、关系副词 关系关系 副词副词 句法句法 功能功能 先行词先行词 特征特征 例句例句 when 状语状语 表时间表时间 Sunday is the day when v
17、ery few people go to work. where表地点表地点 I know a place where you can hide. why表原因表原因 That is the reason why I came early. 注意：关系副词注意：关系副词when, where, why在意义上在意义上 相当于相当于“介词介词+ which”结构。结构。 e.g. I will never forget the day when/on which I joined the English Club. Is this the village where/in which the f
18、amous scientist was born? Sarah didnt give the reason why/for which she was late for school again. 指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who, whom, that which, that whose, of which where when why 关关 系系 代代 词词 关关 系系 副副 词词 限制性定语从句的关系词限制性定语从句的关系词 完成句子。完成句子。 1. That wasnt the reason _ your brothe
19、r lied to you. 2. We all remember the days _ we studied together at school. 3. The author _ you criticized in your review has written a reply. 4. We drove past the house _ we used to live. why when that/whom/who where 5. Is this the village _ the famous scientist was born? in which 6. Scientists hav
20、e advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved. 7. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better. which when 用适当的关系词填空。用适当的关系词填空。 Tai Dong is a small city in southeast Taiwan _ I grew up. My family moved there from Taipei th
21、e summer _ I was born. The house in _ I grew up is on a main street in Tai Dong. My father sold tea, and my mother had a small restaurant across from our house. A cousin of mine _ family I visited every summer lived with us. where when which whose He was an apprentice (学徒学徒) _ my father was teaching
22、 the tea business to. On the first floor of our house we had a huge kitchen _ we all gathered for dinner. The bedrooms were upstairs. My brother and my cousin slept in one bedroom. I slept in another _ I shared with Polly, the smartest bird _ I had ever seen. whom/who/that where which/that that Rewr
23、ite the sentences. This is the house in which the inventor lived. It is an invention of which he is very proud. The machine at which youre looking is very old. The reason why I bought the book is that it is about culture. 1. This is the house which the inventor lived in. 2. It is an invention. He is very proud of this invention. 3. The machine is very old. You are looking at that machine. 4. I bought the book because it is about culture. Write a short passage of 7 sentences to describe the Chinese writing system. At least 3 restrictive relative clauses must be used.
