（2021新外研版）高中英语选择性必修第一册 英语重难点素材（全册一套打包）.zip

Unit 5 revealing nature 1. 重点词汇重点词汇 benefit v. 有益于，有助于，受益 n . 利益 好处 benefit from/by 从中受益，得益于 for the benefit of 为了 的好处，利益 be of benefit to 对有益 beneficial adj.有利的有益的 be beneficial to 对有益，有利 2. judge vi/vt 判决，判断，裁判 n. 法官， 裁 判员 judge from/by 根据来判断 judge sth/sb from /by 以 来判断 judgment n. 判断，审判 3. date back to =date from 追溯到 4. process vt. 加工处理 n 过程步骤 possess .into 把.加工成 be in process 在进行中 5. distant adj . 遥远的，远亲的 be distant from .离远 distance n. 距离；远方 in the distance 在远处 at/from a distance of 从远的地方 6.predict v.语言，预报，预告 It is predicted that 据语言 Prediction n.预言 7 .fascinate v. 吸引，迷住 be fascinated with /by 对着迷 fascinated adj. 入迷的，着迷的 Fascinating adj.有吸引力的 be fascinating to sb.令某人着迷的 8. be crowded with 挤满 crowd n.人群，观众 整体时用单数，个体时用 复数 a crowd of 一群 crowd v. 涌入，挤满 crowd in/into 大批涌入/进入 crowded adj. 拥挤的 挤满的 9. adapt to 适应 adapt oneself to 使某人适应于 adapt .from 根据改编 adapt for改作之用 adaptation n . 适应 adaptable adj. 能适应的，可改编的 10. suspect vt. 认为，怀疑 n.嫌疑犯 suspect sb.of doing sth suspect sb to be 怀疑某人是 11.shock vt/vi 使震惊，震动 n.震惊 ，休克 be a shock to sb 对来说是个巨大打击 shocked adj.震惊的，惊讶的 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 be shocked at/by 对吃惊 be shocked to do 做某事很惊讶 英语中很多形容词是以 ing 或 ed 结尾的，这类 形容词有一个共同的用法就是 ing 形式常常翻译 成“令人”，常常“指物”，而 ed 形式常常翻 译成“感到”，常常指“人” interesting 令人感兴趣的，有趣的 interested 感兴趣的，感到有趣的 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋的 surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 感到吃惊的 amazing 令人吃惊的 amazed 感到吃惊的 amusing 令人感兴趣的，有趣的 amused 感到有趣的 embarrassing 令人尴尬的 embarrassed 感到尴尬的 tiring 令人劳累的 tired 感到累的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的 boring 令人厌倦的，无聊的 bored 感到厌倦的 satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的 frightening 令人害怕的 frightened 感到害怕的 moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的 pleasing 令人高兴的 pleased 感到高兴的，高兴的 relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的 fascinating 令人着迷的 fascinated 感到着迷的 confusing 令人困惑的 confused 感到困惑的 12. convincing adj.令人信服的，有说服力的 convince vt.使信服 convinced adj. 确信的，信服的 be convinced of 相信 be convinced that 相信 convince sb. of sth 使某人相信某事 convince sb. to do sth 说服某人做某事、 13 . blame vt. 责备，谴责， n. 责怪， 职责 blame sb for doing sth 因 做某事责备某人 blame sth on sb. 将某事归咎于某人 sb. be to blame for doing sth 某人因某事而应受责 备 bear/take/shoulder the blame 承担责任 14. appropriate adj. 合适的，恰当的 be appropriate for/to sth。 适合、合乎 It is appropriate to do sth 做某事很适合 inappropriate adj. 不合适的，不恰当的 appropriately adv. 恰当地 15. harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to 对有害 harmless adj. 无害的 harm n./v 损害，伤害， do harm to sb=do sb harm 对某人有害处 there is no harm in doing sth做某事无害 16. contrast n 对比，对照 v. 对比，对照 by contrast 相比之下 in contrast 与此相反 contrast with 与相比 17. attract vt. 吸引，招引 attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 attract sb. to do 吸引某人去做某事 be attracted to sb 为某人所吸引 attraction n. 吸引力， 有吸引力的事 attractive adj .有吸引力的 18. indicate v. 指出，表明，暗示 indicate sth. to sb 向某人指出某物 indication n. 暗示， 表示，预兆 there is （no）indication that （没）有迹象表明 19. amazing adj.令人惊异的，令人钦佩的 amaze vt. 使惊奇的 amazed adj. 感到惊讶的 be amazed at/ by 对感到惊讶的 be amazed to do 惊讶的做某事 amazement n. 惊奇 to ones amazement 令某人惊奇的是 in amazement 惊讶地 20. link vt. 连接，联系 link with 把 和联系起来 be linked to 与有关 ，有联系 21. description n.描述，描写 beyond description 无法描述 describe v. 描写，描述 describe as 把说出描述成 22. add v. 增加，添加，补充 add up 加起来 add up to 总共是，总计为 add to 使增加（宾语多为 difficulty，pleasure，trouble） add .to把增加到. 23. regularly adv,有规律的 定期地 regular adj, 有规律的，定期的 irregular adj.不规律的 regulation n 规则，法规 二二.重要短语重要短语 answer the call 相应号召 of all time 有史以来，始终 in question 被提及的，讨论中的 come to exist 开始存在 according to 根据 as well as 和，又， after all 终究，毕竟 drive away 驱走 tiny amounts of 少量 三三. 重点句式重点句式 1.it was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree . 自主翻译 _ 2. the young man in question , Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants, animals. 自主翻译 _ 3. maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environment? 自主翻译 _ 4. It seemed their breaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island. 自主翻译 _ Unit 1 laugh out loud 一一. 重要词汇重要词汇 1. amusement n. amuse v. amused adj. amusing adj. to ones amusement 让某人感到好笑的是 with amusement 津津有味地 be amused to do sth. 做某事感到好笑 2. apologise v. 道歉 apologize to sb. for sth. apology n. make an apology to sb. for sth. 3. approach v.靠近走进 n. 方法路径 接近 approach to doing 做的方法 4. anxious adj.焦虑的 be anxious about 对焦虑担心 be anxious for 渴望某事 be anxious to do 渴望去做某事 anxiety n. 焦虑 担心渴望 with anxiety 焦虑地 5.entertain v.使快乐，招待 entertain sb. with sth ./by doing sth. entertain sb. to 用某物招待某人 entertain oneself 自娱自乐 entertaining adj. 使人愉快的 entertainment n. entertainment n. 二二. 重要短语重要短语 1. look through 浏览；快速查看 look after 照看 look back on/upon 回顾 look into 调查 look up to 尊敬；仰视 look into 调查 look out 小心当心 2. cheer up cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 cheer for 为而欢呼 cheerful adj. 高兴的愉快的 cheering n.欢呼 喝彩 adj. 令人振奋的 3. more often than not 大部分时候 more than 超过；不仅仅是；非常 no more than 仅仅 not more than 不多于 4. do the trick 奏效；达到预期效果 play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人 trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 5. concentrate on /upon concentrate ones mind/efforts/energy/attention on 7. in turn 转而，反过来；依次 in return 作为回报 turn around 转身；好转 turn down 调小；拒绝 turn into 变成 turn off 关闭 turn out 证明；结果是 in turn 依次轮流 in return 作为回报 in effect 有效地 in order 按顺序 in danger 处于危险中 in reality /fact 事实上 in advance 提前 6. take off 脱下，摘下；起飞；休假；开始走红 take apart 拆开 take down 记下 take in 吸收；理解；欺骗 take on 呈现；接收 take over 接管 7. after all 毕竟，终究，不管怎么说 all in all 总而言之 in all 总共；共计 at all 根本；全然(常用于否定句、条件句中加强 语气) not at all 一点也不 above all 首先；最重要的是 first of all 首先 8. in need of 需要 常见的“in n. of”短语还有： in case of 万一 in place of 代替 in spite of 尽管 in advance of 在前面 in charge of 主管 9. make sense 有意义 有道理讲得通 make no sense 没意义 没道理讲不通 make sense of 弄明白 10. put up 举起张贴建起提高 putdown 放下记下长牙 put out 扑灭 公布 put on 上演 穿上 put off 推迟 延期 put away 收起 攒钱 put aside 存储 忽视 put forward 提出 提议 put up with 容忍忍受 三.经典句式 1.People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs，looking through old magazines，all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 自主翻译 _ 2.I speak with the on-duty nurse，who tells me that Laras parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. 自主翻译 _ 3.Although its doctors and nurses who will treat her injury，its my job to make her feel better. 自主翻译 _ 4.Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them. 自主翻译 _ 5. We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses，who keep us updated on each patient. 自主翻译 _ 6.While the doctor concentrates on examining Laras ankle.，I get her attention by doing a magic trick. 自主翻译 _ 7.Although she is clearly still in some pain，her scared and anxious look has been replacedfirst by a small smile，and then by loud laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from out of my pocket. 自主翻译 _ 8.While there might be more hospital visits ahead for Lara and others，I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place to visit. 自主翻译 _ Unit 1 Using language & Developing ideas 1. advertise v. advertise for 登广告招聘 advertisement n. put on advertisement 登广告 2. employer n. employ v. employee n. 3. essential it is essential for sb. to do sth. It is essential that 4. impress v. impress sb. with sth. impress sth. on sb. be impressed by /with/at 对印象深刻 impression n. make/give/ leave an impression on have/get a good impression of.对有一个好印 象 impressive adj. 5. deserve v.应得，应受到 deserve to do sth. 应该做某事 deserve doing/deserve to be done 值得被做 deserved adj.应得的 deserving adj.值得帮助的 6. interaction n.交流；互动 interaction with.和的互动 interact vi.相互交流；相互影响 interact with.与交流/相互作用 7. spot v. vt.发现，认出；点缀 spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with.满是的斑点 spot n.斑点污点地点处所 on the spot =on she scene 当场 当下 a historical spot 一个历史古迹 put sb. on the spot 使某人难堪 8. whisper v.悄声说，低语 n.低语；耳语 whisper to sb. 与某人耳语 It is/was whispered that.据秘密传闻 in a whisperin whispers 耳语地，低声地 9. cruel adj. cruelty n. 10. conclude v. conclude with conclude sth. from sth. conclusion n. draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结 论 in conclusion 总之 最后 make a conclusion 下结论 jump to a conclusion 草率下结论 11. sensitive adj. 敏感的易受伤害的 灵敏的 be sensitive to 对 .敏感 sensible adj. 明智的，意识到的 12. combine v. 结合，联合 combine sth. with sth.把与 结合起来 be combined with 与结合 combination n. a combination with 一种的结合 物 13. response n.反应回答回复 in response to 作为对的回复/反应 make a response to 对做出反应 respond v. 回答相应 respond to 回答 14. argue v. argue with sb. on/about/over sth. argue for /against argue sb. into /out of doing 说服某人做/不做 argument n. 15. Intend v. intend to do intend sb. to do be intended for 旨在，为.打算 intention n. 16. involve v. 包含涉及加入 involve doing sth. 包含做某事 involve sb. in doing sth. 使某人参与做 involved adj. 有关联的 be involved in 被卷入，参加，与有关 二二.重要短语重要短语 1.tell off 斥责，责骂 tell a lie/lies 说谎 to tell (you) the truth 说实话 tell against sb. 对不利 tell on sb. 告发某人 2.fall behind 没能按时完成(工作)；落在后面 fall apart 散架；瓦解 fall down 跌倒；倒塌 fall off 从掉下 fall over 被绊倒；倒下 3. long face 愁眉苦脸 4. laughing stock 笑料，笑柄 5. crack a smile 笑了起来 6. brand of humour 某种类型的幽默 7. put sb. on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的 问题)使某人难堪 8. tell off 斥责，责骂 9. fall behind 不能按时完成(工作) 10. take away 拿走 11. make sense 讲得通，有意义 12. put up 搭起；张贴 13. look up 向上看 14. in particular 尤其，特别 15. due to 因为 16. throw light on 使明白 17. cross out 删掉 18. keep up 保持；继续 经典句式经典句式 1. Once，having been intived to dinner at a university，he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech. 自主翻译 _ 2.All you have to do is cross out the wrong words. 自主翻译 _ 3. “What did you say to my animals？” said the emperor，astonished . 自主翻译 _ Unit1. Grammer -attributive clause 1.I walk through the doors into the waiting area，where theres a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. 2.People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs，looking through old magazines，all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 3.I speak with the on-duty nurse，who tells me that Laras parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. 4.Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better，which means clown doctors can be helpful. 非限制性定语从句是对主句中的先行词起 作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句 之间用 隔开。句 1 中 where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的 ；句 2 中用了“ ”引导非限制性定语从句；句 3 中 who 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的 ；句 4 中 which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代 。 非限制性定语从句 与限制性定语从句相比较，非限制性定语从句是指与主句关系不十分密切，只对主句中的先行词起 补充说明作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。 1.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词指人时用 who，whom 或 whose；指物时用 which 或 whose。 This is our headmaster，who I think has something important to tell you. My elder sister has become a doctor，which I wanted to be. 2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有 when 和 where。当先行词指时间时，关系副词用 when；指地 点时用 where。 Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977. He left his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old. 3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句存在许多不同之处，主要有以下几点： (1)引导词不同：关系代词 that，关系副词 why 均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。 (2)非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不像限制性定语从句那样紧密，即使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚 完整。它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，译成汉语时，通常不翻译作定语，而是译成与主句并列的句 子。 I have two foreign teachers，both of whom are from America. The foreign teacher who comes from America teaches us literature. (3)非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分，均不可省略；而在限制性定语从句中， 作宾语的关系代词可省略。 This is the man (that/who/whom) we are talking about. This is the man，whom we talked about just now. (4)在限制性定语从句中，关系词指人时，作宾语的 whom 可以用 who 或 that 代替，但在非限制性 定语从句中不可以代替。 He is the very person (whom/who/that) we referred to. Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. 4.as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句的区别： (1)as 在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，这个定语从句修饰整个句子。as 引导的非限制性 定语从句既可以放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前，还可放在主句之中，有“像一样，正如， 正像”的意思。 As we all know，he studies very hard.(as 作宾语) As is known to all，he is the tallest student in our class.(as 作主语) Taiwan，as is known to all，is an inseparable part of China.(as 作主语) (2)which 引导的非限制性定语从句既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代某个词或词组，但是不能放 于句首。 He was late for the meeting，which made the chairman very angry.(which 指代整个主句的内容) I want to buy the house，which has a garden.(which 指代 the house) 定语从句综合练习定语从句综合练习 .用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. 2. Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ _you can hear some lovely music. 3. He wrote many children s books, nearly half of_ _ were published in the 1990s. 4. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 5. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _his employees enjoy their work. 6. The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 7. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent. 8. China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 9. The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 10.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon_ school education depends. 11. The exact year_ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 12. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，_my classmates recommended to me. 13.Students should involve themselves in community activities _they can gain experience for growth. 14. I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 15. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must. 16. Among the many dangers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. 17. A company _profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 18. Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position. 19. Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected. 20. Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year. 定语从句定语从句与其他句型区别与其他句型区别 一、定语从句与强调句一、定语从句与强调句 It was in this room (that he visited last week) that she was killed. 做题技巧：做题技巧：将 It be 和空缺处全部去掉，如果句子仍然成立，则此句为强调句，可以选 that/who。 1、It was Beijing _ I met him last year. 2、It was in Beijing _ I met him last year. 二、定语从句与同位语从句二、定语从句与同位语从句 1、The news that he was made our monitor was true. 2、The news ( that he told you ) was true. 做题技巧：做题技巧： 如果空白处后面的那句话是对前面那个名词的内容进行说明，则此句话常常为同位语从句；否则常 常是定语从句。 三、定语从句与三、定语从句与 whoever/whomever 从句从句 做题技巧：做题技巧：1、 whoever=anyone who, whomever=anyone whom。 2、是选 whoever 还是 whomever 关键在于看后面的句中缺主语还是宾语，缺主语选缺 whoever 宾 语常选 whomever 1、I will give the book to whoever I find loves me best. 2、I will give the book to whomever I love best. 四、四、what可以充当两个成分，做主语、宾语或表语，即先行词和关系代词，= the + 先行词 + that, 常常译成 “ 的”，并且_前没有名词，相当于汉语的“的”字结构。 What he said was right.=The thing that he said was right. He is no longer what he was.=He is no longer the person that he was. 五、五、where 可以等于(to/in) the place where We should go where we are needed badly. Put the book where it was. 总结：总结：1、定语从句关键看是否缺成分以及缺什么成分、定语从句关键看是否缺成分以及缺什么成分 2、别的从句根据意思来做题，不缺意思不缺成分选、别的从句根据意思来做题，不缺意思不缺成分选 that 1、Mo Yan, most of _ novels have been adapted for films, is now a world-famous writer. 2、David Beckham is retiring from soccer, ending a career _ he loves best. 3、The reason _ we succeed was _ we had a group with a strong spirit of innovation and teamwork. 4、The classroom is crowded with children _ have poor eyesight. 5、She wrote six plays, none of _ was published. 6、This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere _ ma