1、人教版必修第一册人教版必修第一册 unit1 语法讲练语法讲练-名词短语，形容词短语，副词短语名词短语，形容词短语，副词短语 一、名词短语 名词短语：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词，可作主语、宾 语、表语或宾语补足语。 1常见名词短语的构成形式有： (1)限定词名词如：the girl (2)限定词形容词(短语)名词如：a beautiful girl (3)限定词名词介词短语如：a beautiful campus of my school (4)限定词描述性名词名词如：my school life 2名词短语的句法功能： (1)作主语 The interesting
2、title of the article attracted a lot of readers. 这篇文章有趣的标题吸引了很多读者。 温馨提示 名词短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与名词短语中的中心词保持一致。 Anumber of books are on the desk. The number of books is not large. (2)作表语 How to fight against such a disease is a hot topic today. 怎样与那种疾病作斗争是今天的热点话题。 (3)作宾语 She bought her mother some flowers
3、. 她给母亲买了一些花。 (4)作宾补 People considered him the better man for the work. 人们认为他比较适合干这项工作。 二、形容词短语 形容词短语，是指一个以形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词，可 以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。 1常见形容词短语的构成形式有： (1)副词形容词如：very suitable (2)形容词enough如：good enough (3)形容词介词短语如：good for nothing (4)副词形容词介词如：well worthy of praise 2形容词短语可有如下句法
4、功能： (1)作定语，修饰名词或代词等 This is a most serious problem. 这是一个极其严重的问题。 (2)作表语 He is interested in watching TV. 他对看电视感兴趣。 (3)作宾语，英语中“the形容词”可以作为名词使用，担任动词的宾语，表示具有该形容 词的特征、性质或者状态的人、事或物。 We should respect the old. 我们应该尊敬老年人。 (4)作宾补 I found the new film very interesting. 我发现新电影非常有趣。 三、副词短语 以副词为中心词的短语是副词短语。副词短语
5、的结合方式是：修饰语副词，有时中心词之 后还带有后置修饰语或补足成分。如：very carefully，pretty soon，far from the station 等。 副词短语在句子中常常作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。 He is ill extremely seriously with a bad cancer. 他患了严重的癌症，病情极为严重。 He studies English most slowly of the three. 三个人中，他学英语学得最慢。 四.练习 .写出下列短文中加黑的短语属于名词短语、形容词短语还是副词短语，并写出其所作的 成分 In Canada，
6、 volunteering is 17.extremely common among people of all ages.They believe that being helpful is 18.one of the most important qualities to have.There are many forms of 19.voluntary work and opportunities to help are everywhere，including schools or peoples gardens. Im volunteering for an organisation
7、 to assist 20.the teachers there.Im in charge of a preschool class， where students are 21.very lovely.When I first started， I was 22.quite nervous as Id never worked with little kids before.As time went on，I became more familiar with them.One teacher asked me to help 23.the youngest girl in the clas
8、s draw a picture based on the word “grateful” As I was drawing and talking with her， I gradually felt 24.warm and peaceful， and I realized it was not that difficult to work with children.When the class was over，I felt really excited and even 25.a bit proud of what I had done. Volunteering gives us n
9、ot only an opportunity to change someones life but also the satisfaction of helping others.It is also a great way to develop social skills and valuable experience for our future.For example，I have learned to speak to others 26.more kindly and clearly. 答案17.形容词短语； 作表语18.名词短语； 作表语19.名词短语； 作宾语20.名词短语；
10、作宾语21.形容词短语；作表语22.形容词短语；作表语23.名词短语；作宾语24.形容 词短语；作表语25.形容词短语； 作表语26.副词短语；作状语 .单句语法填空 1After you read the article，you will find it very _(confuse) 2The girl _(stand) under that tree is one of my students. 3_ apple on the table looks so nice，so I want to eat it at once. 4_ large number of students are
11、anxious for the advanced class. 5Obviously，it was an _(interest) novel，for many girls liked it. 6Tom，one of the worlds greatest _(coach)，is very polite. 7He knows many grammar rules，but he cant speak_(fluent) enough. 8I didnt want to enter the shops which were _(main) filled with women. 1.confusing
12、2. standing 3. The4.A5. interesting 6.coaches 7.fluently8. mainly .完成句子 9. 这个毕业生将成为一名好教师。 _ 10.不要难过，一切都会好的。 _ 11.出席会议的人被带到城里各处参观。 _ 12.珍妮对待事情总是太认真，这让我们很困惑。 _ 13.我们很幸运地找到了一个解决这个问题的办法。 _ 9The graduate will make a good teacher. 10Dont feel bad.Everything will be all right. 11The people present at the m
13、eeting were shown around the city. 12Jenny always takes things too seriously，which makes us confused . 13We were fortunate enough to find a solution to the question. .阅读理解 Most children are now working longer hours than their parents with some slaving for over 46 hours a week，according to a new surv
14、ey. The research shows that parents are creating crazy schedules for their children with after school activities in addition to school tasks.This means children are actually working harder than the average parents who only work for 37.5 hours a week. The average child already completes 30 hours and
15、50 minutes a week at school from Monday to Friday， as well as 7 hours and 51 minutes of clubs and homework.Actively reading with parents daily takes a further 5 hours and 49 minutes a week.The Center Parcs study of 2,000 parents also found the average child also helps with housework for up to an hou
16、r and 37 minutes each week. Colin Whaley，marketing director from Center Parcs，said，“We made this report to further understand family life and what challenges parents and children are facing and overcoming，so we can always make sure were offering what they need.What has undoubtedly come out of this i
17、s the need for familiesparents and children aliketo take time out to relax.” In response to the findings，Center Parcs let child psychologist(心理学家) Dr Sam Wass develop a Recommended Daily Allowance(RDA) for free time which needs 3 hours and 51 minutes every day.The RDA provides a variety of freetime
18、activities， which will allow children to use their imagination and develop creative thinking.The RDA really creates the best environment to relax and the best short break possible for children. 1According to the survey，what problem are most children faced with? AThey spend little time in doing homew
19、ork. BThey spend too much time enjoying afterschool activities. CThey have no time to help their parents around the house. DThey are working more hours than their parents each week. 2It takes children the most time in a week. Ato study at school Bto do housework Cto read with parents Dto finish thei
20、r homework 3In the opinion of Colin Whaley，. Aschools should increase the time of activities Bboth parents and children need spare time to relax Cparents do right things for their children all the time Dparents should spend more time keeping children company 4Who can gain the greatest benefit from the RDA? ATeachers.BPsychologists. CParents.DChildren. 答案 DABD
