1、Unit 4Natural Disasters Reading for Writing 通过阅读学习，培养学生提炼关键信息以及概括、 归纳要点的高阶思维能力， 帮助学生掌握英语摘要的写作方法。 学习目标学习目标 一、一、Leading-in What disaster is it? What is a tsunami? Tsunami A tsunami is a series of waves caused by earthquakes or undersea volcanic eruptions. 二 Reading and Writing Look at the picture and
2、title, infer the type of the text and predict what the text might be about. I. Prediction It is a news report. It might be about the big damage the tsunami caused. 1、Read the text and summarize the main idea. II. Fast reading It reported a big tsunami in Asia, including its cause and the great damag
3、e it brought to people. Main points in a news report The tsunami caused over 6500 people deaths and caused great damage to buildings, cars and roads. on 26 December, 2004, The tsunami was caused by a powerful earthquake. In Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. For
4、eign aid is organized, but supplies are difficult to deliver because of the damaged roads. 2. Where can this passage most probably be seen? A. A monthly magazine. B. A daily newspaper. C. A travel brochure. D. a government website. Fast Reading 1. Find out the main idea of each paragraph. A. The ser
5、ious damage to South Asia. B. The tsunami caused by an earthquake and its damage. C. The following effect and the rescue. Paragraph 1_ Paragraph 2_ Paragraph 3_ B B A A C C III. Careful Reading 2. Read and choose the best answer 1). On which day did the tsunami happen? A. December 27. B. December 26
6、. C. On Monday. D. On Tuesday. 2). Where did the earthquake happen? A. Along the coastline across Asia. B. Off the west coast of Sumatra Island. C. On the southern coast of India. D. In the southern Thailand. 3). How many deaths caused by the tsunami in Indonesia were mentioned in this report? A. Ab
7、out 2, 498 B. As many as 1, 900. C. More than 4, 300 D. More than 4, 700. 4). Which is true according to the text? A. The tsunami was caused by the most powerful earthquake ever. B. The earthquake struck right on Sumatra Island. C. Foreign aid cant reach the damaged area because of the dangerous con
8、dition. D. The southern coast of India was affected by the tsunami as well. 3、Read the news report released the day after a tsunami and answer the questions 1). When did the tsunami happen? 2). What caused the tsunami? 3). Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies? On 26 December， 2004
9、by the strong earthquake Because the road is damaged and the conditions are dangerous. IV. Read the summary of the news report. Check the main points it includes. date time place event cause effect following events Summary On 26 December 2004, a tsunami killed more than 6,500 tourists, fishermen, an
10、d other locals in Southeast Asia. This is the disaster caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnititude of 9.0, and it struck around 7:00 a.m.Thousands of people arc missing and the number of deaths is expected to grow. The damage caused by the tsunami is making it difficult for rescue wor
11、kers to help the survivors. V. 概要写作 概要写作, 简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括对所读过的文章简要概括, , 写出文章的中心大意写出文章的中心大意, , 也可称之为摘要也可称之为摘要。所选材料体 裁没有限制, 以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。所需所需 阅读的短文词数在阅读的短文词数在350350以内以内。 【写作步骤】 1. 分析文本的结构; 2. 寻找各段的中心句; 3. 用自己的语言转述各段的中心句。 【写作要求】 1. 对原文要点的理解和呈现情况; 2. 应用语法结构和词汇的准确性; 3. 上下文的连贯性; 4. 对各要点表达的独立性情况; 5. 词数6
12、0词左右。 【写作模板】 描写某事物的性质功能描写某事物的性质功能。即“对象+性质功能+利弊”: (in the passage ) the writer introduces. . . to us, especially its. . . , from which we know. . . 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”: The passage tells us. . . So the author tells us how to. . . , including. . . 1.1. 介绍某现象及其原因、结果介绍某现象及其原因、结果。即“
13、现象+原因+结果”: The author talks about. . . It is caused by. . . As a result(consequently), . . . 【知识延伸】 1. 概要应包括原文中的主要事实, 略去不必要的细节。 2. 安排好篇幅的比例, 概要应同原文保持协调, 即用较多的文字 写重要内容, 用较少的文字写次要内容。 3. 注意要点之间的衔接, 要用适当的关联词语贯通全文, 切忌只 简单地写出一些互不相干的句子, 但也不要每两句之间都加关 联词语, 以免显得生硬。 4. 不排斥用原文的某些词句, 但不要照搬原文的句子, 如果不能 完全用自己的话语表达,
14、 至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换, 如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。 5. 计算词数, 看是否符合规定的词数要求。 （一）（一）1. Read the text on Page 50 and write a list of the main details. Strange things happened in the countryside before the earthquake. An earthquake hit _ China on 28 July 1976. _ _ _ Tangshan The whole city is in ruins The rescue team cam
15、e in. Tangshan started to revive itself 2.Write a summary of the text on Page 50 based on the details above. III. 概要写作练习概要写作练习 （二） 阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 The World Health Organization, or WHO, estimates that more than 300,000 women die every year during pregnancy or childbirth. Each year, about
16、2.6 million babies are born dead and another 2.7 million babies die during the first 28 days of life, it said. Most of the deaths are taking place in South Asia and in Africa, south of the Sahara Desert. Many of the deaths could have been avoided with quality health care, WHO officials said. Some st
17、illbirths(births of dead babies), infant(new-born baby) deaths or deaths of mothers result from complications(并发症) during childbirth. Others may result from health problems with the mother. A poor diet or using drugs may also be to blame, the WHO added. Another problem is that nearly all babies who
18、are stillborn and half of all newborn deaths are never documented. Those deaths are not reported to or investigated by government health agencies. Traditions and beliefs often affect the collection of important records about infant deaths. In many countries, there is a belief that a stillbirth may n
19、ot represent a lost life. Officials said this means the actual number of stillborn and newborn deaths is probably even higher than the WHOs own current estimates. The United Nations agency says the lack of information makes it harder to find solutions. It is important for all births and deaths to be
20、 recorded so that health officials can make better decisions on how to prevent future deaths. The WHO released three reports earlier this month to help health agencies do a better job collecting information. The WHO says that a large number of babies die at birth or soon after birth and women die of
21、 childbirth every year in less developed areas. (要点1) Many deaths are caused by poor health care, a poor diet or the use of drugs. (要点2) Meanwhile, due to the traditions and beliefs, nearly all infant deaths are seldom recorded, making it harder to find solutions to prevent future deaths. (要点3) So now the Who is helping to obtain more exact information about baby deaths. (要点4) 答案
