1、 Discover useful structures P5 Unit 1 People of Achievement Lead-in Underline the sentences below in the reading passage. This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co- winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for mala
2、ria. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, whe
3、re malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. Lead-in Underline the sentences below in the reading passage. They tested hund
4、reds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease. Presentation The Restrictive Attributive Clause 关系代词关系代词that修饰先行词修饰先行词Chinese medical treatments, 在从句中作主语，不可省略。在从句中作主语，不可省略。 Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest internat
5、ional honours a person can receive. Presentation The Non-restrictive Attributive Clause 关系代词关系代词which修饰先行词修饰先行词the Nobel Prize, 在在 从句中作主语，不可省略。从句中作主语，不可省略。 Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study ma
6、laria patients. Presentation The Non-restrictive Attributive Clause 关系副词关系副词where修饰先行词修饰先行词Hainan, 在从句中在从句中 作状语，不可省略。作状语，不可省略。 关系代词关系代词whom修饰先行词修饰先行词malaria patients, 在在 从句中作主语，不可省略。从句中作主语，不可省略。 非限制性非限制性定语从句的用法：定语从句的用法： 1.定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从非限制性定语从 句由关系代词和关系副词引导
7、，但不句由关系代词和关系副词引导，但不 能用能用that引导。例：引导。例： 多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。 Toronto is a city (that) Ive always wanted to visit. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。 He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed. 劳拉不能来参加我们的聚会，这真遗憾。 Laura couldnt come to our party, which was a pity. 戴维斯想参观袁博士的新农场，那
8、里种了海水 稻。 Davis wanted to visit Dr Yuans new farm, where the seawater rice was grown. 非限制性非限制性定语从句的用法：定语从句的用法： 2. 限制性定语从句与其所修饰的先行词关系密切，限制性定语从句与其所修饰的先行词关系密切， 在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省略，在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省略， 主句意义往往不完整主句意义往往不完整；而非限制性定语从句和；而非限制性定语从句和 主句的关系并不十分密切，它往往是对主句的关系并不十分密切，它往往是对先行词先行词 或或整个主句整个主句的附加说明，与主句
9、之间通常用逗的附加说明，与主句之间通常用逗 号隔开。号隔开。例：例： A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, _ surprises all the people present. A. that B. when C. whom D. which 随堂随练随堂随练 ：根据语根据语境可知境可知,令所有在场的人令所有在场的人 感到惊讶的是感到惊讶的是“一个五岁男孩会讲两一个五岁男孩会讲两门门 外语外语”这这件事件事，因此先行词为整，因此先行词为整个个主句，主句， 此时应由此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句，
10、答答案选D。 非限制性非限制性定语从句的用法：定语从句的用法： 3.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句也可以位于句中，也可以位于句中， 这时前后都需要用逗号隔开这时前后都需要用逗号隔开。例：例： 迪士尼乐园包含好几个主题园区，是颇受 欢迎的旅游目的地。 Disneyland, which consists of several theme areas, is a popular tourist destination. 作为一名犹太人，爱因斯坦发现学术机构 的大门已对他关闭。 Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic instit
11、utions closed to him. 非限制性非限制性定语从句的用法：定语从句的用法： 4.关系代词关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作在限制性定语从句中作 宾语时可用宾语时可用who代替；但在非限制性定代替；但在非限制性定 语从句中作宾语时不可用语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。来代替。 例：例： This is the girl whom/who I met in the street. The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress. The young man had a new girlfriend,
12、 who he wanted to impress. 非限制性非限制性定语从句的用法：定语从句的用法： 5.as和和which都可引导都可引导非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句， 指代整个指代整个句子的内容，但有区别：句子的内容，但有区别：as引导引导 的从句既可以位于句前，也可以位于句的从句既可以位于句前，也可以位于句 后，主句没有前后逻辑关系，常表示后，主句没有前后逻辑关系，常表示 “正如正如”；而；而which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 只能放在主句后，主从句常有一定的因只能放在主句后，主从句常有一定的因 果关系或前后顺序，常表示果关系或前后顺序，常表示“这一这一 点点”。例：。例：
13、Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 【即学即练即学即练】 As everyone knows, all that glitters is not gold. =All that glitters, as everyone knows, is not gold. =All
14、 that glitters is not gold, as everyone knows. 众所周知，并非所有发光的东西都是金子。众所周知，并非所有发光的东西都是金子。 EXAMPLE The book tells us about Alexander Fleming. He discovered penicillin. The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin. Rewrite the sentences using non- restrictive relative clauses. 1 We
15、 were very impressed by the old man. He was not willing to acknowledge defeat. 2 Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there. We were very impressed by the old man who was not willing to acknowledge defeat. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, when Hitler was in power th
16、ere. Practice 3 There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control. 4 The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Rowling. It inspired us a lot. 5 The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei-a famous Chinese-American archite
17、ct. He was born in Guangzhou, China. 6 I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart. It was a big challenge for me. There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Row
18、ling, which inspired us a lot. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei-a famous Chinese-American architect who was born in Guangzhou, China. I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart, which was a big challenge for me. Production Work in pairs: Complete the sen
19、tences using non- restrictive relative clauses to give extra information. EXAMPLE Id like to try Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again, which seems to work best for my cough. 1 I would like to travel around.,. 2 What impressed me most.,. 3 My favourite scientist is.,. 4 Finally we arrive
20、d at.,. 5 My grandparents like.,. 6 I wish to obtain.,. 7 My best friend.,. “Doctor,” she said loudly, breaking into the room, _ there was a man, “I want you to tell what is wrong with me.” He looked at her from head to foot, then said, “_ is shown in the mirror, Ive just three things to tell you. F
21、irst, I suggest you, my lady, _ weight needs reducing by nearly fifty pounds. Second, you may use 1/10 as much lipstick, by _ you will be prettier. And third, Im an artist-the doctor, _ you are looking for, lives downstairs.” The Doctor Lives Downstairs Fill in the blanks with proper link words. 【随堂练习】 which whom whose where As 做非限制性定语从句的练习时做非限制性定语从句的练习时, 往往往往 先确定先行词，然后分析先行词在从句先确定先行词，然后分析先行词在从句 中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。
