1、Discovering Useful Structures P29 新人教新人教版选择性必修版选择性必修 Book 1 Unit 3 Fascinating parks 读课文读课文，找找出出含有含有动词动词-ing-ing的句子；判断哪的句子；判断哪 些句子中的动词些句子中的动词-ing-ing是做主语的。是做主语的。 1.I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. 2. Close by,there are a few reindeer feeding on grass. 3. For hundred
2、s of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. 4. Even though the sunis brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. Getting here is quite difficult. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. as subject Look for more se
3、ntences with the -ing form from the reading passage and state their functions. -ing as subject 1.直接放在句首，表示抽象的、经常的以及 习惯性的动作或状态，谓语动词 用单数。 Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old. 散步对年轻人和老年人都是一种很 好的锻炼方式。 Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. Going to Hangzhou by tra
4、in takes about 16 hours. 在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。 乘火车去杭州要16个小时。 Asking a womans age is impolite in our country. 在我们国家问一个女人的年龄是不礼貌的。 2.it在句首作形式主语，动词-ing形式后 置作真正的主语，用形容词或名词作表语。 no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time 常见的名词或名词短语常见的名词或名词短语 常见的形容词常见的形容词 dangerous, worthwhile,
5、 useless 1. Its no use making an excuse for this. 例： 为这件事找借口是没有用的。为这件事找借口是没有用的。 2. Its a waste of time talking about such a useless thing. 谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。 3. Its dangerous swimming in the sea on windy days. 有风的天气在海里游泳是危险的。有风的天气在海里游泳是危险的。 3.在there be 结构中作主语： 这种结构的意思相当于 “It is imposs
6、ible to do ”。 There beno动词动词ing There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 例： 若要人不知若要人不知, , 除非己莫为除非己莫为。 There is no joking about such a matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。这种事开不得玩笑。 二二. 动词动词-ing形式的否定形式形式的否定形式 动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not, 带有逻辑主语时，not 应放在逻辑主语和-ing 形式之间。 例： Not knowing how to use a computer makes it more d
7、ifficult for him to do his academic research. 不知道 如何使用电脑使他更难进行学术研究。 Not having done his homework makes the teacher angry.未完成他的作业让老师很生气。 三三. 动词动词-ing形式的复合结构形式的复合结构 动词动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格，名词所形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格，名词所 有格或普通格加动词有格或普通格加动词-ing, 即即“sb./sb.s +doing” 构成。动词构成。动词- ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词形式的复合结构实际
8、上是给动词-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。形式加了一个逻辑主语。 动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式： 形容词性物主代词+动词-ing 名词所有格+动词-ing 代词宾格+动词-ing 名词+动词-ing 例： Her coming to help ancouraged all of us. 她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。 Marys being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了，这使她妈妈很心烦。 动词动词-ing-ing形式形式通常表示抽象动作，往往是 普通的、一般的行为；且表示已知的事情 或经验。 动词不定式动词不定式作主语则表示某次具体动作或 行为；且表示未完
9、成的事情或未达成的目 的。 例1：As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure 四四. .动词动词-ing-ing形式与不定式做主语的比较形式与不定式做主语的比较 还是个孩子的时侯, 她就觉得探视病人是一种 责任, 也是一种愉悦。 例2：He said, “To go on like this is useless .” 他说他说: “: “继续这样下去是无用的继续这样下去是无用的。” 例3：Doing nothing is doing evil 什么也不做就是什么也不做就是作恶作恶。 例4：I
10、ts an honor for me to be invited to the party. 我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。 五五. .常用常用-ing-ing形式作主语的句型形式作主语的句型 It +be +a waste of time doing 做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做做是没用处的是没用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做做不值得不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的 There is no do
11、ing. 无法无法; ; 不允许不允许 例： 1. 说服他加入我们就是在浪费时间。 2. 在这儿等是没用的, 我们走吧。 3. 在教育上花钱是值得的。 4. 和不诚实的人交朋友是没有好处的。 Its a waste of time persuading him to join us. Its no use waiting here. Lets go. It is worthwhile spending money on education. There is no good making friends with the dishonest men. Rewrite each of the f
12、ollowing sentences using the -ing form as the subject. EXAMPLE It is challenging yet really fascinating to hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek. Hiking through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating. 1 It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroa
13、d. 2 It would hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold. Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding. Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the -ing fo
14、rm as the subject. 3 Honestly, it can be both exciting and terrifying to explore a vast unknown land. 4 It is good to adopt a positive attitude, even when things are difficult. 5 It is strongly advised to hire local guides, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. Hone
15、stly, exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying. Adopting a positive attitude is good, even when things are difficult. Hiring local guides is strongly advised, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. The use of -ing forms as subjects puts the a
16、ction first, making the sentences seem more dynamic. Fill in each blank using the -ing form of a verb from the box and state its function. One word will be used twice. combine/ cover/ grow/ take /limit /walk /experience Xixi National Wetland Park,_10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou, is the fir
17、st national wetland park in China._ city life, nature, and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi,_ a boat tour,_ along paths, and _local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of peoples favourite activiti
18、es. With trees, bushes, and colourful flowers _ along the covering Combining taking walking experiencing attribute subject subject subject subject growing attribute Fill in each blank using the -ing form of a verb from the box and state its function. One word will be used twice. combine cover grow t
19、ake limit walk experience riversides, the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons. In order to better develop as well as preserve this place,_ human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers. All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the
20、 natural environment. This green, watery world is home to many birds and fishes. With trees _in the shallows, the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, which makes it the “green lungs of Hangzhou . growing limiting subject attribute Finish the following sentence
21、s. 1. 和他争论真是浪费时间。 _arguing with him. 2. 他早上起晚了，这导致他上课迟到了。 _ in the morning made him late for class. 3. 我哥哥弹吉他使我无法专心学习。 My brothers playing the guitar makes me _studying. 4. 在村民的引路下，我们很快找到了那个山洞。 _by the local villager makes us find the strange cave quickly. 5. 饭后散步是一个很好的习惯。 _ is a very good habit. It
22、s a waste of time His getting up late get down to Having been led the way Walking after a meal Choose a place in your city or town as a destination for a school trip. Use the -ing forms to write a paragraph. The following expressions may help you: Take a trip to. It covers. Such as. The natural beau
23、ty An unforgettable experience Share with Sample Writing With the colourful scenery and wonderful hiking trails, taking a trip to Danxia Geothermal Park in Gansu Province is one of the highlights of any trip to the northwestern part of China. Youre welcome to visit! It is near the city of Zhangye in
24、 Gansu Province, my hometown and where my school is, and it covers about 510 square kilometres. Forming of the rocks took many millions of years and involved many kinds of erosion such as wind and water on the red sandstone. What encourages thousands of people to come here each year is the natural beauty of the rocks.Walking around the park will allow you to see iridescent tall peaks, deep cave holes and stone halls. Visiting the colourful, magical rock formations in person will surely be an unforgettable experience and one you will share with friends and family for years to come. Thank you!
