1、Unit 3 Fascinating Parks Learning About Language 转化 指一个词从一种词类转化为另一种词类而词性 不变。 Examples：water, book, hand, present I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. Im in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a place
2、 with no roads or towns. Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development is banned within park boundaries. buffet v. buffet n. edge v. edge n. ban v. ban n. remote adj. remote n. A the outer limit of an object B an
3、 official or legal prohibition C a meal with several dishes from which people serve themselves D move carefully towards something E far from, not close F officially or legally prohibit G (especially of wind or wave) strike repeatedly with a lot of force H (informal) a device for controlling somethin
4、g else from a distance 1 G 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 F 6 B 7 E 8H 派生：是通过添加前缀或后缀构成另一个词，例如 patient (adj.)加否定意义的前缀im-构成important (adj.), 或者改变词性的后缀-ly构成patiently (adv.)。 合成：是由两个或两个以上的词合成一个词，例如 everyday, handshake。 Why did the number of Siberian tigers decrease? What resulted in a visible population increase of the
5、species? How many tigers and leopards are in the area now? What was the problem facing a growing number of the species? Do you think it is worth setting up the new park? Why? Getting here is quite difficult. getting here 在句中作主语，描述具体的行为，谓语 动词是“is”。 Being in such a beautiful and place makes me feel bl
6、essed to be alive. being in such a beautiful and wild place在句中作主语， 描述具体的行为，谓语动词是“makes”。 功能功能句子句子 作定语作定语I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass. 作主语作主语,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. Getting here is
7、 quite difficult. For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. 作状语作状语Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted
8、, leaving behind about 100 glaciers. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. Here I am, alone under the broad sky, breathing the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. 作宾补作宾补
9、For exampleand some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent. 动名词做主语 英语中的非谓语动词包括:动名词,现在分词,过去分词和动词不 定式。无论它们在句中作什么成分,都保持着自己本身的属性和 特点。 动名词:具有名词功能,常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 现在分词:表主动和正在进行,常在句中作定语,状语补语等。 过去分词:表被动和完成,常在句中作定语,状语,补语等。 动词不定式:表示将来和具体某一次的动作,常在句中作主语、 宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 1、动名词的特点 (1)动名词是从动词
10、变化而来的,所以它保留了动词的某些 特征,动名词不能单独作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但可 以有自己的宾语和状语,还有时态和语态的变化。 (2)动名词最大的特点是它相当于一个名词,因此,动名词 可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 语态语态 时态时态 主动主动被动被动 肯定否定肯定否定 一般式一般式doingnot doing being donenot being done 完成时完成时having done not having done having been done not having been done 2、动名词的时态和语态 3、动名词作主语 动名词由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义
11、往往是表示 某个动作或某件事情。 (1)单个的动名词(短语)作主语时,句子的谓语动词需要 用单数。 (2)有些句子为了保持平衡,避免头重脚轻,用 it 作形式主 语,把真正作主语的动名词(短语)后置。 (3)There be + no +动名词(短语) It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad. Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding. It would hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winte
12、r due to the extreme cold. Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold。 Honestly, it can be both exciting and territying to explore a vast unknown land. Honestly, exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying. It is good to adopt a p
13、ositive attitude, even when things are difficult. Adopting a positive attitude is good, even when things are difficult. It is strongly advised to hire local guides, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. Hiring local guides is strongly advised, because they can offer
14、 accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. 用it作形式主语前置、不定式作主语后置时，句子 侧重于表语部分，强调行为的特征、状态或给人的 感受。 动词-ing 形式作主语前置时，句子侧重于主语部分 强调行为本身的具体内容。 Xixi National Wetland Park,covering 10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou, is the first national wetland park in China.Combining city life, nature, and wetla
15、nds makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi, taking a boat tour, walking along paths, and experiencing local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of peoples favourite activities. With trees, bushes, and colourful f
16、lowers covering along the riversides, the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons. In order to better develop as well as preserve this place, limting human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers. All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment. This green,watery world is home to many birds and fishes.With trees growing in the shallows, the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, which makes it thegreen lungs of Hangzhou. Thank you!
