1、 Unit 4 Body Language Words and Expressions 1.interaction: n. influence each other 交流交流; 相互影响相互影响 inter-: 构词构词法法, 表表示示 “相相互互的的;之间之间” action: n. 行动行动; 活动活动; 动动作作 1)The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. 2)It requires no action but lots of interaction between students and
2、teachers. 3)We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. 2. vary: vi. change or be different from each other (根据情根据情 况况)变化变化; 改变改变 various: adj. 不同的不同的; 各各种各样的种各样的; 多姿多彩的多姿多彩的 variety: n. 变化变化; 种类种类; 多样化多样化 vary with.: 随随.变化变化/改变改变 v
3、ary in.: 在在.方面不同方面不同/有差异有差异 vary from.to.: 从从.到到.变化变化; 在在.与与.之间变化之间变化; 从从.到到.不等不等 1)The students homework varies considerably in quality. 2)The prices of some goods vary with the season. 3)Old people dont like to vary/change their habits. 4)Just like spoken language, body language varies from cultur
4、e to culture. 3. approve: vi./vt. think sth. acceptable or agree 赞赞成成; 同意同意; 批准批准; 通过通过 approve of: 赞成赞成; 同意同意; 批准批准 approval: n. 赞成赞成; 同意同意; 批准批准 1) I told my mother I wanted to leave school but she didnt approve. ( =My mother didnt approve of my idea of leaving school.) 2)For example, making eye c
5、ontactlooking into someones eyesin some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. 4. demonstrate: vt. to show clearly 表现表现; 表表达达; 说明说明; 证明证明 1)These results demonstrate convincingly that this medicine is effective. 2)Let me demons
6、trate to you some of the difficulties we are facing. 3)The teacher demonstrated how we should do the experiment. 4)In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person. 5. witness: n. a person at site目击者目击者; 证证人人 vt. to see 当场看到当场看到; 目击目击; 见证见证 1)Witnesses to the crash s
7、ay they saw an explosion just before the disaster. 2)Anyone who witnessed the accident should call the police. 3) She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed. 6. employ: vt. to use, or give sb. a job 使用使用; 应用应用; 雇用雇用 employ sb to do.: 雇用某人做什么雇用某人做什么 employ sb as.: 雇用某人当什么雇用某人当什么 be emplo
8、yed in doing sth: 从从事于事于; 忙于做什忙于做什么么(be busy) 1) For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter. 2)Every possible means has been employed to solve the problem but in vain. 3)In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 7. In France,
9、 a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite. 8. differ: vi. be different 相异相异; 不同于不同于 differ from: 不同于不同于 1)British English differs from American English in many ways
10、. 2) I beg to differ. 3)Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. 9. favour/favor: n. help or approval 帮助帮助; 恩惠恩惠; 赞赞同同 vt. to prefer 较喜欢较喜欢; 选择选择; 有利有利于于 in favour of: 支持支持; 赞成赞成 in ones favour: 有利于某人有利于某人; 有助于某人有助于某人 do sb a favour:帮助某人帮助某人 1)Most students favour the pla
11、n, while their teachers are not in favour of it. 2)Could you do me a favour and pick me up for the pinic? 3)Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 10. reliable: adj. being trusted 可靠的可靠的; 可信赖的可信赖的 rely: v. 依靠依靠; 依赖依赖; 信任信任 rely
12、 on/upon: 依靠依靠; 信赖信赖 1)We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working. 2)Our information comes from a reliable source. 3)Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someones feelings, their body language or the words they speak? 11. assess: vt. to jugde, evaluate or estimate评估评估; 评
13、价评价 assessment: n. 评价评价; 评定评定 1)We are trying to assess how well the system works. 2)Its difficult to assess the effects of the reform. 3)Damage to the building was assessed at $80,000. 4)They assess his house at 1,000 pounds. 5)Whats your assessment of our chances of winning the game? 12. reveal: v
14、t. to make sth. known 揭示揭示; 显示显示; 露出露出 1)She laughed, revealing her white teeth. 2)He will never reveal his friends secrets. 3)The findings of the research reveals that appropriate exercise benefits sleeping. 4)Blood tests reveal that the old woman is in good health. 13. in other words: 换句话说换句话说; 也就
15、是说也就是说 That is (to say). 也就是说也就是说; 即即 in a/one word: 总总之之; 简言之简言之 1)They asked him to leave - in other words he was fired. 2)In other words, we make our own happiness. 3)In other words, she does not actually have the disease. 14. tendency: n. 趋势趋势; 倾向倾向 have a tendency to do.: 倾倾向于做向于做.; 喜欢做喜欢做. 1)H
16、e has a tendency to talk too much when he is drunk. 2)The price of oil has an upward/a downward tendency. 3)People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. 15. imply:vt. to suggest 意味着意味着; 暗示暗示 1)Are you implying (that) I have failed the test? 2)The news implied that the pilo
17、t was responsible for the accident. 3)What is implied in the researchers words? 4)So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. 16. occupy: vt. to fill or take up 占据占据; 占用占用(时间时间/空间空间) occupation：n. 职业职业;占领占领;占用占
18、用 be occupied with/in: 忙忙于于; 从事从事; 专心专心 1)During the war their lands were occupied by the enemy. 2)The large bed occupies most of the room. 3)The teaching work occupies half of my time. 4) With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 17.
19、distinguish: vi./vt. 区分区分; 辨别辨别 distinguished: adj. 著名的著名的; 卓卓越的越的; 受人尊敬的受人尊敬的 distinguish A from B/ between A and B: 辨别辨别/区分出区分出A和和B 1) Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish. Sometimes it is hard to distinguish reality from fantasy. Sometimes it is hard to distinguish between realit
20、y and fantasy. 2)Tu Youyou is known as a distinguished scientist. 3)While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 18. If a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from wee
21、ping, then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work. It could be that she is having serious conflicts with other students ro at home. Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. 19. ultimately: adv. eventually, finally or in closing 最后最后; 最最 终终 （常用于列举（常用于列举: firstly
22、, . secondely,. ultimately,.) 1)Ultimately, youll have to make the decision yourself. 2)Ultimately, my duty is helping every student to learn. 20. adjust: vt. to change to be suitable or get used to 调整调整; 调调 节节; 适应适应; (使使)习惯习惯 adjust/adapt (oneself) to (介词介词): 适适应应 1)He has adjusted his schedule/pla
23、n because of the weather. 2)Youll quickly adjust (yourself) to collge life. 3)It took her a long time to adjust to living alone. 21. react: vi. to respond or answer (对对)起反应起反应; 回回应应; (对对 食物等食物等)有不良反应有不良反应 reaction: n. 反应反应; 回应回应; 生理反生理反应应 react to .: 对对.做出反应做出反应/回应回应 1)I waved at her but she didnt react. 2)Local residents have reacted angrily to the news. 3) Some people can react badly to certain food. 4)Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher.
