1、Entrepreneurial activities differ substantially depending on the type of organization and creativity. Entrepreneurial activities differ substantially depending on the type of organization and creativity.Unit 4 Space ExplorationSentence structure of the textRevision 根据汉语提示写出单词的适当形式1.I want to be an _
2、 (宇航员)，traveling to the moon in a spacecraft.2.Police insist that Michael did not follow the correct _ (程序，步骤) in applying for a visa.3.Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and _ (精神的) health.4.Early astronomers thought that our planet was the centre of the _ (宇宙).5.The _ (人造卫星) e
3、nables us to calculate their precise location anywhere in the world.astronautprocedurementaluniversesatellite6.He made _ (意志坚定的) efforts to overcome all the difficulties.7.A series of technical foul-ups delayed the _ (上市) of the new product.8.These youngsters are motivated not by a _ (渴望) to achieve
4、，but by fear of failure.9.Air pollution is not new and has been _ (持续存在的) for a number of years.10.Anything with strong _ (重力) attracts other things to it.determinedlaunchdesireongoinggravityPart 01Phrases of the text1. look up at -2. want to learn more about -3. carry sb/sth into space4. find out t
5、he secrets of the universe5. be suitable enough to support life6. the mid-20th century 7. travel into space8. be determined to do sth抬头仰望-想了解更多-将-送入太空探寻宇宙的秘密能够维持生命存在20世纪中叶到太空去旅行下定决心去做某事9. realise ones dream10. succeeded in doing sth11. escape Earths gravity12. orbit around Earth13. focus on14. becom
6、e the first person to do sth 实现某人的梦想成功的做了某事摆脱了地心引力绕地球运行专注于成为第一个做某事的人15. go into space16. eight years later17. step onto the moon18. achieve goals 19. study deep space 20.transmit data21. make sure22. go wrong 23. make esb sad and disappointed24. This is because-25. believe in the importance of- 进入太空
7、八年后踏上月球达到目标研究外太空传输数据确保出毛病，出问题使人伤心与失望这是因为-坚信-重要26. carry on space exploration27. despite=in spite of=regardless of28. astronauts from different countries on board29.a continuous human presence in space. 继续太空探索尽管船上的来自不同国家的宇航员在太空中能持续存在30. make great progress31. in a short time32. send humans into space
8、33. complete a second manned orbit 取得很大进步在很短时间内将人类送入太空完成第二次载人环绕地球飞行34.study the moons surface35. launch -into space36. dock with-37. establish a space station38. explore the surface of the far side of the moon39. make measurements and observations 40. remains bright 41. enable sb to do sth 研究月球的表面发射
9、-进入太空和-对接建设空间站考察月球的背面进行测量和观察仍然光明使-做某事成为可能Part 02Sentence structure1. On 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.句中不定式短语 to go into space作后置定语，修饰 the first person。不定式作后置定语的用法：(1)当被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。Women and children were the first to ge
10、t into the lifeboats.(2)抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，courage，opportunity，wish 等后常用不定式作定语。I dont trust his promise to come for a visit.(3)被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next 等词时。The next thing to do is to keep the machine on for five minutes.He is the best man to do the job.(4)表示将要发生的动作时。The car to be bou
11、ght is for his sister.翻译:他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts. 2.This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.句中This is because.意为“那/这是因为”，其中because引导表语从句。(强调原因)(1)This/That is because.意为
12、“这/那是因为”，用来表示原因(2)This/That is why.意为“这/那是为什么”，用来表示结果(3)The reason why.is that.意为“的原因就是”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句单句语法填空1).From space，the earth looks blue.This is _about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 2).The reason _he didnt pass the exam was _ he was too careless.3). He and I ha
13、ve worked together for a couple of years；thats _ I know him pretty well. because why that why 翻译我在雨中都湿透了。这是因为我下午忘记但雨伞了。Im all wet under the rain. This is because （that） I forgot to bring an umbrella with me this afternoon. 3.Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only e
14、nable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.not only.but also.用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅而且”Option 01Option 02Option 03Option 04not only.but also.结构表示“不但/仅而且”，通常可以连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，还可以连接两个并列的句子1连接主语：Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watc
15、hing television.Not only Jim but also his wife saw her.不但吉姆而且他妻子也见到了她。2连接谓语动词The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。注意not onlybut also连接的动词一般不重复，这与汉语不同。如汉语说“我不仅懂英语，而且懂俄语”，英语则说“I know not only English b
16、ut also Russian”，而不说“I not only know English but also know Russian”.再如：“气体不仅改变形状，而且改变体积”，英译为“A gas changes not only in shape but also in volume.”（注意介词常重复）3连接宾语：连接宾语：The problem for the recipient was trying to guess not only who the sender was, but also what his secret feelings might be.收信人不仅要尽力猜出是谁的
17、，还要推测寄信人内心有什么想法。4连接宾语补足语：连接宾语补足语：Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。5连接表语：连接表语：Shakespeare was not only a writer but (also) an actor。莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。6连接状语：连接状语：If your friend reminds you kindly of your faults, take what he says not mer
18、ely pleasantly but thank fully.如果低你的朋友善意地指明出你的缺点，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心怀感激之情。7连接从句：连接从句：He didnt let us off the hook until we had proved not only that we knew what an organism was but also that we had the fortitude to stand up for the truth.直到我们证明了我们不仅知道什么是生物体，而且具有坚持真理的不屈不挠精神时，他这才放过我们。8连接定语：连接定语：Man has beco
19、me master not only of the sky but also of the space. 人类不但征服了天空，而且征服了太空。9连接句子：连接句子：I not only heard it, but (also) I saw it.我不仅听到、而且看到了它。Not onlybut also连接句子时, not only 可以置于句首表示强调,这时第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如：Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had been sent to prison as well.这个可怜的人不仅被逮捕，而且被投进监狱输入您的标题
20、It is not only what we do, but also what we do not do, for which we are accountable.我们不但要对我们所做的事负责，而且要对我们没有去做的事负责。not onlybut的省略及其变体的省略及其变体1Not onlybut also中的also可以省略。有人认为该句型所连接的第二部分最高级形容词或它所表示的范围、程度、影响等超过第一部分时，常将also省略。例如：He was not only a successful writer but (also) the greatest poet of his time.
21、他不仅是一位成功的作家，而且是他那个时代最伟大的诗人。2.not onlybut also句型一般只省略also,但在连接句子时，有时也可见到省略but甚至but also的情形。例如：Not only was I tired, I was also cold.我不光困倦， 还感到很冷。（省去了but）Not only bas she been an excellent wife, she has been a better husband than Ill never be.她不仅是一个极其出色的妻子，而且是一个我永远也做不到的好丈夫。（省去了but also）3. not onlybut
22、also的形式比较固定，但也会出现but与also被分隔开来的情形。例如：Not only the mother but the children are also sick. 不仅母亲，而且孩子们也生病了。注意注意事项事项not only A but also BB as well as ANot only I but also he doesnt want to see the play.He, as well as I, doesnt want to see the play.1. Not only _ run his machine, but _ repair it. A. can h
23、e; he can B. he can; can he C. can he ; can he 2. Not only _ polluted but _ crowded. A. was the city ; were the streets B. was the city; the streets were C. the city was; the streets were 3. Not only _ me to a meal , but also he bought me a present. A. did he invite B. he invited C. do he invite1.No
24、t only Li Ming but also I _(be) students. 2. Not only she but also he _(learn) English. 3. not only teachers but also students _(be) not allowed to smoke. ABAamlearnsare(2019全国卷)Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too.翻译:讨人喜欢不仅与积极的人生
25、结果有关，还与这些结果有关.(likability n. 可爱讨人喜欢)Part 03consolidation根据提示完成句子1. _is from New York. 下一班到达的飞机来自纽约。2. He was _his opinion among us. 他是我们中最后一个发表意见的人。3. The activity _but also enables us to understand our life better.这项活动不仅开阔了我们的视野，而且使我们更好地了解我们的生活。4._various useful knowledge, but also I can use it in
26、my daily life.我不仅能学会到各种各样有用的知识，而且我也可以在日常生活中运用这些知识。The next plane to arrivethe last person to expressnot only broadens our horizonsnot only can I learnEntrepreneurial activities differ substantially depending on the type of organization and creativity. l activities differ substantially depending on the type of organization and creativity.Thanks for listening
