1、2020-2021 学年高一下学期英语期末模拟测试卷学年高一下学期英语期末模拟测试卷本试卷满分 120 分，考试时间 100 分钟。第一部分第一部分阅读理解阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。ACoronaviruses(冠状病毒) are a large group of viruses. They consist of a core of geneticmaterial(遗传物质) surrounded by an envelope with protei
2、n spikes(蛋白棘突). This gives it theappearance of a crown. Crown in Latin is called “corona” and thats how these viruses get theirname. In this text, well take a quick look at whats currently known about the virus.Covid-2019The 2019 Novel Coronavirus, first reported December in Wuhan, central Chinas Hu
3、beiProvince, has quickly spread across the country and around the world. It initially occurred in agroup of people with pneumonia(肺炎) whod been associated with a seafood and live animalmarket in the city of Wuhan.Intermediate hosts: The Covid-2019 may originate in bats, a team led by renowned Chines
4、evirologist Shi Zhengli said earlier, while the intermediary host remains unknown.Incubation period(潜伏期): usually 1-14 days.Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.SARS-CoVThe Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus was first identified in China in2003 .Intermediate hosts: Bats
5、 are the original host. Civet cats serve as an important intermediarythat carries virus from the winged mammal to humans.Incubation period: 2-7 days.Infection: Virus spread after symptoms show.MERS-CoVThe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS 中东呼吸综合征) coronavirus was firstidentified in Saudi Arabia
6、 in 2012.Intermediate hosts: MERS-CoV was travelled from dromedary camel to humans.Incubation period: 2-14 days.Infection: Virus may spread before symptoms show.1.What might be the intermediate hosts of the Covid-2019?A.Bats.B.MosquitoesC.Camel.D.Unknown yet.2.Which kind of coronaviruses spreads aft
7、er symptoms appear?A.SARS-CoV.B.MERS-CoV.C.The Covid-2019.D.All Coronaviruses.3.What can we learn about coronaviruses?A.Bats are to blame for the outbreak of all the three coronaviruses.B.The Covid-2019, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are all listed as coronaviruses.C.Mers-Cov were first identified in China.
8、D.SARS-Cov has a longer incubation period than Mers-cov.BWe had a military training for a whole week in late August after stepping into our newsenior high school. The military coaches were all strict with us. Frankly speaking, we all felt verytired, and even had pains in our legs. However, we all pe
9、rsisted in practising, and felt satisfiedwith ourselves eventually.In the morning we arrived at the playground in lines on time. Then you could hear ourmilitary coaches shout at the top of their voices “Stand at attention”, “Stand at ease”, “Tum left”,“March”, “Run”, All the students were practicing
10、 carefully. Exhausted as we were, none of usasked to have a rest, none of us complained, none of us wanted to drop out. Under the blazingsun, despite high temperature and thirst, we stood still for an hour with sweat dripping downfrom our faces all the time. In the moonlight, we played games heartil
11、y, bursting into laughternow and then. On the grass, divided into two groups, we competed to sing encouraging militarysongs in high spirits one after another. At the meeting, hearing their moving speech, we feltregretful for wasting time before. At that time we realized we should have been grateful
12、to ourparents and teachers, with tears in our eyes. And we all made up our minds to study harder. Onthe afternoon of the last day, our principal sang high praise for our behaviour, and encouraged usto keep this persistent spirit in future.Though this military training is a tough experience, we chall
13、enged ourselves and overcamethose difficulties. We felt proud from the bottom of our hearts. There is no doubt that thismilitary training has left a deep and durable impression on me, on all my classmates.4.How does the author like this military training?A.Tiring and disappointing.B.Enjoyable and co
14、mfortable.C.Meaningful and fruitful.D.Surprising and exciting.5.What does the writer mainly describe in Paragraph 2?A.They had some difficulties in practicing.B.They always practiced without difficulty.C.They made every effort to practice and behaved very well.D.The principal hoped to praise them in
15、 person.6.What will the writer do if he meets a new student of this school next August?A.Persuade him or her to study hard.B.Advise him or her to run regularly on the playground with some military coaches.C.Try to make the principal praise him or her.D.Encourage him or her to take military training
16、seriously, and finish it successfully.7.What may be the best title of this passage?A.Some Strict CoachesB.A Far-reaching ExperienceC.Persistence Is ImportantD.A Difficult PeriodCStudying the DNA of 300 mice has flagged up genes( 基 因 ) which have been linked tohereditary (遗传的)sight loss for the first
17、 time. Researchers say because mices genes are sosimilar to humans, their findings could lead to the treatment of more genetic diseases.Scientists at the University of California, Davis studied information from a data bank of micesgenetic material. They found 347 genes linked to eye problems, with j
18、ust 86 of them having beenstudied in the past.Only around 50 to 75 percent of hereditary eye diseases in humans can be explained withpresent science- The researchers believe these hundreds of new genes found in mice could be akey to explaining 一 and therefore being able to treat the other 25 to 50 p
19、ercent.“This is extremely valuable for people with hereditary eye disease,” said researcher ProfessorAla Moshiri. “All researchers are going to start using these data. In the past, we knew the problemwas there but we didnt know where to look. Now eye centers can call back patients and screenthem for
20、 these new genes. We expect that more and more of these genetic diseases will betreatable. Also, the fact is that more than 60 percent of eye problems at birth are ones resultingfrom the babys parents!Thanks to data from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium(IMPC) , which is tryingto work o
21、ut what every single gene in a mouse is responsible for, with the aim of translating it tohumans, scientists are moving closer to figuring out all genetic causes of blindness. To do this,scientists separate a single gene from other ones at a time and then observe what effect it has onthe mouse for a
22、 long time. This has so far been clone more than 7 ,000 times and has achievedgreat success. Researchers are now working alongside eye care centers in Texas and Iowa in orderto compare the mices genes to those of patients.8.How many hereditary-sight-loss-related genes were new-found?A.86.B.261.C.300
23、.D.347.9.Why is the percentage of genetic eye problems mentioned in paragraph 3?A.To show the significance of studying mices genes.B.To prove mices genes are similar to humans.C.To warn the high risk level of suffering them.D.To explain how common they are among people.10.What should scientists do f
24、irst to unlock secrets of genetic blindness?A.Compare humans genes with mices.B.Recognize each genes role of humans.C.Set apart a gene of a mouse each time.D.Figure out each genes function of a mouse.11.What is a suitable title for the text?A.New Ways to Cure Sight LossB.Genes Found Behind Eye Probl
25、emsC.Genetic Diseases Discovered in MiceD.Humans Genes Causing Eye DiseasesDNew research suggests that dogs might be able to help save diseased citrus trees.A group of scientists trained dogs to use their sense of smell to detect a crop disease calledcitrus-greening. The disease has affected orange,
26、 lemon and grapefruit trees in the Americanstates of Florida, California and Texas.The dogs can detect the disease weeks to years before it appears on tree leaves and roots,the researchers report. A study on their findings was published recently in the Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences.
27、 The report says using dogs is also faster, less costly and more exactthan having people collect hundreds of leaves for lab analysis.Timothy Gottwald is a researcher with the U. S. Department of Agriculture and a 7 co-writerof the study. He told The Associated Press, “This technology is thousands of
28、 years old-the dogsnose. Weve just trained dogs to hunt new prey.”Citrus-greening is caused by a bacteria(细菌) that is spread by a tiny insect that feeds onthe leaves and stems of citrus trees. Once a tree is infected, there is no cure. The disease has alsohurt citrus crops in Central and South Ameri
29、ca and Asia. In one experiment involving grapefruittrees in Texas, trained dogs were correct 95 percent of the time in telling the difference betweennewly infected trees and healthy ones. “The earlier you detect a disease, the better chance youhave at stopping an epidemic (流行病) by removing infected
30、trees,” Gottwald said.Matteo Garbelotto studies plants at the University of California, Berkeley. He says the newresearch shows that dogs can detect an infection well before current methods. Garbelotto hasbeen involved in similar research but had no part in the new study.Laura Sims is a plant scient
31、ist with Louisiana Tech University. She praised the steps taken tofind out if the dogs were detecting the bacteria itself or a plants reaction to an infection. To dothat, the researchers infected different kinds of unrelated plants with the bacteria in a laboratory.The dogs were still able to pick o
32、ut the infected plants.Gottwald said, “Youve seen dogs working in airports, detecting drugs and explosives.Maybe soon you will see them working on more farms. ”12.According to the research, trained dogs can _.A.help infected trees recover from diseasesB.recognize a crop disease in its early stageC.c
33、ause fruit trees to grow faster than usualD.reduce the cost of planting some fruit trees13.What does the underlined part “new prey” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A.Infected plants.B.Fruit trees.C.Tiny insects.D.Favourite foods.14.Why did the researchers do experiments on unrelated plants?A.To further prov
34、e the findings.B.To explore the plant diseases.C.To present different opinions.D.To discover a plants reactions.15.How does Gottwald feel about the future use of this new method?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Indifferent.D.Curious.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。Ev
35、ery animal on Earth helps contribute to the ecosystem in some way. We humans mustprotect animals to keep the ecosystem in balance. We depend on healthy ecosystems for food,shelters and clean water._16_ If you want to protect them, the following ideas mayinspire you.Use social media to spread awarene
36、ss for animal organizations. If you follow animalorganizations on social media, you can repost their content, Your followers and social media circlewill see it and possibly share it themselves. _17_Find a local organization or shelter that offers volunteering. _18_ But you can alsosearch the web to
37、find a local organization that may help walk dogs, bathe animals or clean cages.Popular organizations can be overloaded with volunteers. Smaller local rescues and shelters mayhave more openings for volunteers.Adopt(收养)an animal from a local shelter. If youre ready for a pet, consider adopting onefro
38、m a shelter. _19_ Giving an animal a loving home will not only benefit its life butimprove yours. Pick an animal that will match your budget, schedule and living space. Your petwill be happier if it matches your needs and lifestyle._20_ Reusable water bottles, food containers and shopping bags help
39、reduceamount of plastic used that eventually ends up in the ocean which is home to some animals.When you do use disposable(一次性的)plastic, recycle it when you can.A. Use fewer plastic products to limit ocean pollution.B. Share ideas on how to reuse plastic to protect the ocean.C. By adopting a pet, yo
40、u possibly save it from being killed.D. Some famous organizations encourage volunteers to adopt animals.E. Well-known organizations often have lots of volunteering chances.F. Taking action to protect animals is for their own good as well as ours.G. Make sure the content you share is accurate so your
41、e spreading correct information.第二部分第二部分语言知识运用语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I think that sleeping is perhaps the most comfortable thing in the world. While21, Iwill do nothing but close my eyes, leaving all the trouble behind. However, I22ge
42、t up earlyalmost every morning.My class begins at 8:00 am, but the teacher asks us to arrive at the school before 7:15 a.m,so we will have23time to prepare for the classes. If you are24, then you will loseone point. And when you lose 1025, your parents visit to school will be a must. Though Ithink i
43、ts unnecessary, I still dont want to lose any points.One morning, my alarm clock26to work. I27with a start (吃惊) and found thatit was already 7:00. I had lost two points that week, that is to say, I would lose three points ina28. My teacher said that he expected me to be late that morning. And my fri
44、ends jokedthat my day was coming soon. I finally29to do something to change this. I bought a newalarm clock. It sings songs on time every morning30I turn it off.The new alarm clock is perfect for a lazy cat like me. The first time I31it, I was able toget up at 6:00 the next morning. Proud of32, I to
45、ok a deep breath and found that the air inthe early morning is surprisingly33. I read some English books, finding that morning isreally fit for reading English. I hadnt realized before that morning is so wonderful.“Life is34a box of chocolates. You never know what youre going to get,” just asForrest
46、 Dump said. Sometimes if you make a35, you may find that things will end up withthe better.21.A.tiredB.silentC.asleepD.awake22.A.shallB.have toC.used toD.may23.A.a fewB.littleC.enoughD.no24.A.lazyB.sleepyC.noisyD.late25.A.timesB.classesC.daysD.points26.A.soundedB.liedC.failedD.disagreed27.A.woke upB
47、.looked aroundC.fell asleepD.lay down28.A.classB.weekC.dayD.school29.A.decidedB.hopedC.offeredD.preferred30.A.unlessB.ifC.even ifD.only if31.A.hadB.usedC.watchedD.bought32.A.itselfB.themC.usD.myself33.A.coolB.warmC.comfortableD.fresh34.A.likeB.asC.fromD.with35.A.ruleB.livingC.changeD.way第二节 （共 10 小题
48、；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The giant panda, also _36_(know) as panda bear or simply panda, is a bearnative _37_ south central China. In the past many years, the giant panda _38_ (drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation (森林砍伐)
49、 andother _39_ (develop). Wild population estimates (评估) vary: one estimate shows thatthere are about 1,590 individuals _40_ (live) in the wild, while a 2016 study estimated thatthis figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000. Some reports also show that _41_ number ofgiant pandas in the wild is on t
50、he rise.The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11, 1869, _42_ the Frenchmissionary (传教士) Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter. In 1936, Ruth Harknessbecame the first Westerner to bring a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo inChicago. To protect the pandas, in
