1、1BOOK3 Unit 1Festivals and Celebrations1. congratulatevt.向向(某人某人)道贺道贺; (因某事因某事)为自己感到自豪为自己感到自豪*(2019天津高考)I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldnt manage it.*(2020全国卷)The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.*I am
2、 writing to congratulate you on your getting the first prize in Chinese Bridge Speech Contest.*I would like to offer you my congratulations on your success.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)congratulate sb.(on sth. )祝贺祝贺;庆贺庆贺;道喜道喜(2)congratulationn.祝贺祝贺; 恭喜恭喜congratulations on (doing) sth.祝贺祝贺offer congratulations to
3、sb.on (doing) sth.向某人祝贺向某人祝贺【名师点津】(1)congratulation 常用复数形式。(2)表“祝贺某事”时, congratulation 和 congratulate 均与介词 on 搭配。【即学活用】(1)语法填空。_ (congratulate) on your winning the first prize in the Chinese calligraphy contest!Congratulate you _having received eight offers from the Ivy League universities!The autho
4、rs are to be congratulated on _(produce)such a great(2)Ive heard that youve graduated from senior high school,so Im writing to_. 我听说你从高中毕业了, 因此我写信向你表示祝贺。2. rangen.一系列一系列; 范围、界限范围、界限vi.包括包括; (在一定范围内在一定范围内)变化变化*(2019全国卷)While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence that they range all the way acr
5、oss the Arctic.*(2020全国卷)In any given office,employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond. 在任*We should consider a wide range of factors when choosing a university.*Congratulations on your climbing the high mountain range.*The national park has a large collection of wildlife,ranging from butterf
6、lies to elephants.【词块积累】【词块积累】a wide range of大范围的大范围的, 各种各样的各种各样的within range of在在范围内范围内out of/beyond range of超出超出的范围的范围range from. . .to. . .包括从包括从到到之间之间【熟词生义】The tiger ranged through woods and fields in search of game.老虎在树林和田地来回走动寻找猎物。()【即学活用】(1)用含有 range 的词块填空。At that time,_splendid activities wi
7、ll be held.The kids behave well _their parents.Joan hoped that the others were _her mothers voice.(2)语法填空。Music week has various activities, _(range) from singing to dancing.23. gathervi. 聚集聚集; 集合集合vt. 聚集聚集; 搜集搜集; 收割收割*(2019北京高考)Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a g
8、roup of the most talentedindividuals.*During the Mid-Autumn Festival,family members often gather together to share a meal,admire the moonand enjoy moon cakes.*Organizers will shut the press center to avoid the gathering of many people in an indoor area.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)gather round/around聚集聚集gather in
9、收割收割gather together聚在一起聚在一起, 聚齐聚齐(2)gatheringn. 聚集聚集; 集会集会; 积累积累【即学活用】(1)用适当的介词或副词填空。We will gather _to make this meaningful event happen on the playground at 2: 30 pm this Saturday.Often in the evenings,they gather _a big campfire to sing songs or tell stories.The wheat crop had been gathered _ bef
10、ore the storm came.(2)All the information _up to now.4. grateful adj. 感激的感激的; 表示感谢的表示感谢的*I was grateful for this opportunity to get close to nature.*I am grateful to you for your congratulations on my winning the first prize.*I would be very grateful if you could consider my application.*Your old cl
11、othes will be gratefully accepted by the charity.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)be grateful to sb.for sth.因为某事对某人感激因为某事对某人感激be grateful +that 从句从句感激感激, 感谢感谢I would be grateful if. . .如果如果我将不胜感激我将不胜感激(2)gratefullyadv. 感激地感激地【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Im really grateful to you _your help,without which it would have been much more
12、 difficult for me.“Thats kind of you,Sally.” Claire said _(grateful).(2)I am longing to join you and _5. typical adj.典型的典型的; 有代表性的有代表性的; 平常的平常的*(2019江苏高考)There are species that are disappearing every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example.*Hutongs, which are very typical of Beijing, can lea
13、d you to anywhere you want.*A meal in China often consists of main foodtypically rice or noodles.【词块积累】(1)be typical of是是的典型的典型it is typical of sb. to do sth.做某事是某人的风格做某事是某人的风格(2)typicallyadv. 典型地典型地, 有代表性地有代表性地; 通常通常【即学活用】(1)语法填空。This meal is typical _ local cookery.You know,prices of books at the
14、book fair are _(typical) very low.3(2) _give a twenty-minute speech.发表时长 20 分钟的演说是他的典型习惯.6. take advantage of 利用利用; 欺骗欺骗; 占占的便宜的便宜* I am planning to take advantage of this winter vacation to get well prepared for College Entrance Examination.*I am grateful that they can take advantage of the opportu
15、nity to help me.* I previously served as a volunteer several times,which helps me have the advantage over other candidates.*My skill in such matters might be to my advantage.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)have the advantage over比比有利有利, 占优势占优势to sbs advantage对某人有利或有帮助对某人有利或有帮助(2)disadvantagen. 不利不利, 劣势劣势【巧学助记】 一言助记
16、advantage 与 disadvantageIn spite of/Despite the advantages that we can take advantage of, e-reading also has some disadvantages.尽管电子阅读有我们可以利用的优点, 但是也有一些缺点。【即学活用】(1)Its unfair that males _(有优势)females in applying for a job.(2)We can undeniably make a difference by _ (利用)recyclable garbage.(3)Our clas
17、s had a discussion about _(优势和劣势) of the use ofWeChat.【补偿训练】(1)The cities on the east coast _ those on the west coast.东海岸的城市比西海岸的城市有优势。(2)I dont want him to think were _ him when we turn to him for help.当我们向他求助时, 我不想让他认为我们在占他的便宜。7. reflect vt. 显示显示; 反映反映; 反射反射*(2019全国卷)“I reflect on how my days gone
18、 and think about the rest of the week. ” he said.*All the photos have reflected the changes of our city over the past 40 years.*The moon shines with reflected light.*(2020全国卷)As the small boat moved,gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountainsbeing silently reflected in the water.【
19、词块积累】【词块积累】(1)be reflected in sth.倒映在倒映在; 在在中看到中看到reflect on/upon sth.反思反思, 思考思考(2)reflectionn. 显示显示; 反映反映; 反射反射; 映像映像, 思考思考on reflection经过深思经过深思【即学活用】(1)语法填空。His face was reflected _ the mirror._(reflect)on the days I spent studying there,I cant forget your generous help during my stay. After days
20、of _(reflect) she decided to write back.(2)Our newspaper aims to _the local community.我们的报纸旨在反映当地社区的看法。(3)At first I disagreed, but _, I realized she was right.起初我不同意, 但是经过深思, 我意识到她是正确的。48. belief n. 信仰信仰; 信心信心; 相信相信*(2019全国卷)Some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases in bear sightings,lea
21、ding to a beliefthat populations are increasing.*I hold a firm belief that with our joint efforts,the children there will surely have a brighter future.*Believe in yourself and you will enjoy your new school life soon. *Plenty of other great and unbelievablechanges can be found in China. 在中国可以找到大量其他
22、伟大的,【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)hold a belief that(同位语从句同位语从句). . .相信相信(2)believevt. &vi. 相信相信believe in信任信任; 信仰信仰(3)unbelievableadj. 难以置信的难以置信的【即学活用】(1)语法填空。I hold the firm belief _your appearance in our club will inspire us all to become more interested in English.That a 14-year-old girl could break the na
23、tional high jump record is _belief.Under your professional guidance,I have made such _(belief)progress in English.(2)I _and Im sure I have several advantages to fit the workwell. 我信任我自己, 我确信我有一些优点可以很好地适应这个工作。9. occasion n. 特别的事情特别的事情(或仪式、庆典或仪式、庆典); (适当的适当的)机会机会*(2019浙江高考)“Only on special occasions w
24、ould they take it out and let us hold it in our hands. ”Adelinesays.*It is an occasion when family members gather together and have a good rest.*We will take advantage of this chance to put on performances on this occasion.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)on this/that occasion此时此时/彼时彼时on no occasion在任何条件下都不在任何条件下都不(2
25、)occasionallyadv. 偶尔偶尔; 间或间或【名师点津】occasion 作先行词时, 关系副词用哪个?occasion 在表示 “a particular time or instance of an event(一个事件特定的)时刻” 时, 定语从句引导词用 when;当表示“a special or noteworthy event,ceremony,or celebration(仪式、庆典等)重大场合”时, 定语从句引导词用 where。*Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my
26、 kids.*This is not an occasion for laughter,where you must take things seriously.【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Dont be rude to them even if they offend(触犯) you _some occasions.(2019天津高考) _(occasion),I would read a novel that was assigned,but I didnt enjoy thistype of reading.It is helpful to put children in a occas
27、ion _they can see themselves differently.(2) _shall we give in to difficulties. 在任何情况下我们都不应向困难屈服。10. have sth.in common (兴趣、想法等方面兴趣、想法等方面)相同相同; 有相同的特征有相同的特征*(2017全国卷)They had nothing in common with me. I was to learn a lot about camping since then,however.5*They have a lot in common and understand e
28、ach other easily.*In common with many others, she often reflects on her behavior.【词块积累】【词块积累】have nothing/little in common with. . .和和没有没有/几乎没有共同点几乎没有共同点have everything/much/a lot in common with. . . 和和完全相同完全相同/有很多共同点有很多共同点in common with sb. /sth.与某人与某人/某物一样某物一样【即学活用】(1)People of similar ages _. 同龄的
29、人有更多共同点。(2)He _his sister. 他和他姐姐几乎没有什么共同点。(3) _a lot of other countries, were mainly developing economy.和许多其他国家一样, 我们主要在发展经济。11. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude,love, or peace is common in all festivals.然而然而, 无论它们看起来多么不同无论它们看起来
30、多么不同, 在全世界在全世界, 分享快乐、感恩、爱或者和平的精神存在于所有的节日中。分享快乐、感恩、爱或者和平的精神存在于所有的节日中。【句式解构】(1)该句为复合句, no matter how 相当于 however, 引导让步状语从句。(2)“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句时, 相当于“特殊疑问词+-ever”。*(2019 天津高考)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.*However/No matter how
31、 much we work out, however/no matter how well we eat, we cant be in top physicalshape unless we get plenty of sleep.【名师点津】引导让步状语从句的词或词组whatever, whoever, whichever 不仅可以引导让步状语从句还可以引导名词性从句, 但 no matterwhat/who/which 只能引导让步状语从句。例如: As many as ten courses are provided, you are free to choosewhichever su
32、its you best. 提供的课程多达 10 种, 你可以自由选择最适合你的。【即学活用】(1)The elderly ride bicycles _(无论他们去哪里).(2)(2018全国卷) _(无论多么富有) they were,Dawson was never comfortable.(3) _(无论他们做了什么),everyone just enjoyed themselves.(4)Once you develop your interest in English,you definitely will want to learn it byhear_(无论多少困难)you m
33、eet.12. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,_.【句式解构】本句是一个简单句。句中含有一个 with 的复合结构, 在句中作原因状语。advantage of the celebrations*(2019全国卷)Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruiningthe atmosphere of peace? (现在分词作宾语补足语, with 的复合结构作伴随状语)*With the exam
34、 to be held tomorrow,I cant go to the cinema with my parents tonight. (不定式作宾语补足语,with 的复合结构作原因状语)【即学活用】(1)语法填空。China has over 300 million smokers,with the number of teenage smokers_ (increase)every year.After a while, the little boy came out _the watch in his hand!With the problem _(solve),I felt pr
35、oud of my achievement.6(2)With all the students _,the teacher walked around the classroom.学生们都在静静地做作业, 老师在教室里走动。13. dress (sb. ) up穿上盛装穿上盛装; 装扮装扮*She likes to dress up for a party.*She dressed the children up before they danced.*We will dress up as movie characters for the party;what a novel idea!*B
36、esides,young couples are also dressed in red on their weddings.【词块积累】【词块积累】dress up as装扮成装扮成be dressed in穿着穿着【易混辨析】put on着重于 “穿” 这一动作, 即由没穿到穿这一过程的完成, 意为“穿上”wear强调 “穿着” 这一状态时, 相当于 be dressed in, 也可表示 “戴着”dress既可表示动作, 又可表示状态, 常由人作宾语, 意为“给穿衣服”be in强调“穿着, 戴着”的状态, 后面多接颜色或表示衣服的词【即学活用】语法填空。(1)The child dre
37、sses up _Superman to draw adults attention.(2)In the daytime,people _ (dress) in new clothes go to visit friends andrelatives with good luck to each other.(3)Opening the door,an old man stood there,who _(dress)in dirtyclothing.【补偿训练】用 dress up, be dressed in, dress up as, put on 的适当形式填空(1)Please _yo
38、ur new coat before you go out.(2)He _a white shirt every day.(3)At the festival, having fun means eating and _.(4)The old man _Santa at Christmas.14. figure n. 人物人物; 数字数字; 身材身材 vt. 认为认为; 认定认定*Id like to introduce to you one of the greatest figures in Chinese history Confucius.*I figured that the two
39、 players had a lot in common.*(2019全国卷) It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has beenpoorly studied.*In order to keep her figure,she always takes exercise and has a healthy diet.【词块积累】【词块积累】figure sth.in将某事物包括在内将某事物包括在内;计算在内计算在内figure out理解理解; 弄明白弄明白;
40、 计算出计算出keep ones figure保持身材保持身材【即学活用】(1)用 figure 的词块填空。7My teacher helped me _the reason behind the failure.I have _the cost of food and drink for our holiday.Swimming can help you _.(2)在括号内写出下面句中黑体词的汉语意思。By 1998, this figure had risen to 14 million.()Lang Ping is one of the most popular figures in
41、volleyball.()Shes always had a good figure though she is in her 60s.()The student figured that he would figure out the difficult math problem.()15. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend moreon gifts for their loved ones. 网上的购物网站和社交媒体应用软件使得公众为
42、他们所爱的人花更多钱买礼网上的购物网站和社交媒体应用软件使得公众为他们所爱的人花更多钱买礼物变得容易得多。物变得容易得多。【句式解构】(1)该句是简单句, 其中 it 作形式宾语, 动词不定式作真正的宾语。(2)it 作形式宾语时, 常用于以下结构中: make/find/think/consider + it + adj. /n. +动词不定式/动词-ing 形式/从句; like/hate/depend on+it+从句; take it for granted +that 从句/动词不定式。*(2019江苏高考)Walking upright makes it easy to find
43、food or guard against enemies.直立行走使找到食物、防御敌人容易。*We will find it difficult to adapt to the outside world full of competition.*I think it necessary for senior high school students to join in social practice activities.【即学活用】(1)语法填空。(2018全国卷)I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired. I find _ hard
44、 to stop!The noises make it impossible for me _(have)a good sleep at night.(2)I would _you could take my application into consideration.如果您能考虑我的申请, 我将不胜感激。(3)The teacher has _.老师已经明确表示每个人都要遵守学校制度。16. pleased adj. 高兴的高兴的, 满意的满意的*If you could come,they would be more than pleased to receive “internatio
45、nal” care.*Emily felt pleased that she could sing confidently in front of strangers.*Im very pleased at/about/with your success.*(2018全国卷)Pleasure reading levels for younger children,ages 28,remain largely the same.【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)be pleased to do sth.很高兴做某事很高兴做某事be pleased at /about/ with. . .对对感到满意
46、感到满意be pleased +that 从句从句很高兴很高兴(2)pleasev. 使高兴使高兴, 喜欢喜欢 interj. 请请(3)pleasuren. 高兴高兴(4)pleasantadj. 令人愉快的令人愉快的【易混辨析】pleased主要用来说明人, 表示“感到高兴或满意”pleasant多指令人愉快的东西, 具有自然吸引力pleasingpleasing 和 pleasant 都表示 “令人愉快的” , 可以互换, 且 pleasant 更常用8【即学活用】(1)用 please 的正确形式填空。I am writing to express my _to have you sp
47、end the weekend during your visit in my home.It was a _place,and George felt happy and satisfied.Im very _to tell you that I have made great progress in my spokenEnglish since you left.(2)I _that you are coming to visit our school. 得知你将来我们学校参观, 我非常高兴。17 go off 爆炸爆炸; 走火走火; 离开离开*Believe it or not, the
48、 policeman said that his gun went off and killed that black young man.*To be frank, he went off in such a great hurry that we were worried something terrible might have happened.*The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off.【熟词生义】*The power went off in several villages because of the storm.【
49、即学活用】用适当的介词或副词填空。(1)Unfortunately, the bomb went _in a crowded street.(2)For example your grades may go _and your health will be going frombad to worse.(3)On the contrary,62% of the students go _the former viewpoint.(4)About ten graduates are going _this job.18. respect n. &vt. 尊敬尊敬; 尊重尊重*In my
50、mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.*The friendship between China and Kazakhstan is built on the basis of mutual respect and trust.*(2019天津高考)You should respect the views of others, and at the same time insist on what you think is right.*This festival reminds the young to have
