1、<p>Unit 4 课文重点单词、短语及句式随堂练习课文重点单词、短语及句式随堂练习Part I 课文重点单词课文重点单词1. However,some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.然而,一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。【词汇精讲】【词汇精讲】句中的 determined 是形容词,意为“有决心的;意志坚定的”。He made determined efforts to overcome the difficulties.他做出了不懈的努力去
2、克服困难。We are determined to get the work done before New Years Day.我们下定决心要在元旦前完成这项工作。【思维拓展】【思维拓展】(1)determine to do sth.决定/决心做某事determine on (doing) sth.决定(做)某事determine sb.to do sth.使某人下决心做某事(2)determined adj.坚决的；有决心的be determined to do sth.决心做某事be determined that.决心(3)determination n决心；决定with determ
3、ination 坚决地单句语法填空单句语法填空I have determined _ going to the countryside after graduating from college.He is _(determine) to take good care of his parents from now on.The _(determine) expression on her face suggested that she wouldnt changeher mind.Helenwasastronggirlandshefinallyachievedherdreamwithgrea
4、t_(determine)( 北 京 改 编 )_(determine) to be myself, move forward, free of shame andworldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”单句写作单句写作He _(下定决心好好利用) this chance to learn moreabout the Chinese culture.Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he _ (决定定居) in China.一句多译一句多译因为决心按时完成这项工作，他们
5、立即着手工作。_the job on time, they set out to workimmediately.(原因状语从句)_the job on time, they set out to work immediately.(形容词短语作状语)2.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe neverdied.这些灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的愿望从未消失。【词汇精讲【词汇精讲】disappointed 是形容词,意为“失望的;沮丧的”,在
6、句中作宾语补足语。They were bitterly disappointed at the result of the game.他们对比赛结果极为失望。He was disappointed to see she wasnt at the party.看到她没来参加晚会,他感到很失望。【思维拓展】【思维拓展】(1)be disappointed at/by sth.对某事失望be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望be disappointed to do sth.因感到失望(2)disappoint v. 使失望；使破灭，使落空(3)disappointment
7、 n. U失望，C令人失望的人/事(4)disappointing adj. 令人失望的，扫兴的(强调主语的行为或某事令人失望)单句语法填空单句语法填空Although I was _(disappoint) I couldnt keep the toys, I was somewhat proudto take them back.To my _(disappoint), his behaviour cause some misunderstanding betweenus.The teacher is disappointed _ Tonys attitude towards study.
8、We were greatly disappointed _(know) that she was absent.The fans were disappointed _ the film star when they learned some negative newsabout him on the website.Thefanslookedquite_(disappoint)whentheyheardthe_(disappoint) result.单句写作单句写作The workers _(失望地发现) that they couldnt understand theinstructio
9、ns on the machine.We _(对感到失望) your previous behaviour.3.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe neverdied.这些灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的愿望从未消失。【词汇精讲】【词汇精讲】句中的 desire 是名词,意为“渴望;欲望”,desire 还可作动词,意为“渴望;期望”。I owned a bookshop and desired to expand the business.
10、我拥有一家书店,想要扩大业务。【思维拓展】【思维拓展】(1)desire sth.渴望得到某物desire to do sth.希望做某事desire sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事desire that.希望(从句中用 should do 结构，should 可以省略)(2)have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物have a desire to do sth.渴望做某事单句语法填空单句语法填空He desires _(join) the army and devote himself to the country.Several people have expre
11、ssed a desire _(see) the report.(2020重庆巴蜀中学高一期末)Fashion is a competitive and hard business where peoplesdesire _ new ideas is hard to satisfy.At yesterdays meeting, the manager desired that the project _(finish)on time.一句多译一句多译在场的所有学生都渴望上重点大学。All the students present _ _. (desire n)All the students
12、present _.(desire v)All the students present desire that they _.4.China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.2003 年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号成功绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个实现载人航天的国家。【词汇精讲】【词汇精讲】independently
13、为副词，意为“独立，独自。”【思维拓展】【思维拓展】(1)independent adj.独立的；自主的be independent of 不信赖；独立于之外(2)independence n独立；自主independence from sb./sth.从独立(3)independently adv.独立地；自主地(4)dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的dependence n信赖，依赖depend v依靠，依赖单句语法填空单句语法填空Not only my spoken English, but also my ability to live _ (independent) has
14、beenimproved a lot.All living things depend _ the sun for their growth.Susan wanted to be independent _ her parents.She tried living alone, but she didnt like itand moved back home.A study abroad program can teach students _ (independent) and importantlife skills.单句写作单句写作Now that you have grown up,
15、you should _(不依赖) your parents.Many countries left and _(独立于) the empire in the 20thcentury.5. This signalled one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in the future.这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。【词汇精讲【词汇精讲】signal 作动词,意为“标志着;标明;发信号”。signal 也可作名词,意为“信号;标志”。She signalled that he was abou
16、t to turn left.她打手势表示他就要左转。The siren was a signal for everyone to leave the building.警报器一响,就是要所有人离开大楼。【思维拓展】【思维拓展】(1)signal to sb.向某人发信号/示意signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事signal with.用发信号(2) a signal for sb.to do sth.某人做某事的信号单句语法填空单句语法填空The police seems to be _ (signal) to us with his arm.In order n
17、ot to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards _ (signal) that someonewas moving about upstairs.The far side of the moon is a rare quiet place that is free from interference from radio_(signal) from Earth.In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was _signal foreveryone to
18、 stand up.The judge signaled _ a police officer and the man was led away.Part 02 短语精讲短语精讲1go up 上升；增长；升起；被兴建；被建造；被焚毁上升；增长；升起；被兴建；被建造；被焚毁(1)go up by 上升了(表示上升的程度或幅度)go up to 上升到(表示上升后的结果)(2)go after 追逐；追求go against 反对；违背；不利于go ahead 进行，进展；做吧，干吧go along 进展；继续go by(时间)流逝go over 仔细检查go in for 爱好；参加考试(或竞赛
19、)go out 出去；熄灭go through 仔细察看某事物，检查某事物；经历，遭受；(法律、合同等正式)通过go down(物价等)下跌；(温度等)下降；(船等)下沉；(日、月)落到地平线下，落下go without 勉强凑合；没有也行写出下列句中写出下列句中 go up 的含义的含义Several new malls are going up in the centre of this city._It is predicted that food prices will continue to go up in the next few months._用用 go 的相关短语完成句子的
20、相关短语完成句子Tall buildings are _ along the new road leading to the downtown area.I didnt _ poetry before, but now Im beginning to take an interest in it.As time _, he finds it important to learn another foreign language.The woman biologist had stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before s
21、hereturned.She must have _ a lot!单句语法填空单句语法填空To get a better grade，you should go _ the notes again before the test.I was in the middle of packing up my things when suddenly the power went _ in theneighborhood.2look up 抬头看；抬头看；(在词典、计算机等中在词典、计算机等中)查阅查阅She looked up from her books as I entered the room
22、.look after 照料；照顾我进房间时，她放下书，抬起头来看了看。If there are words you do not understand，look them up in a dictionary.如果有不懂的单词就查字典。look ahead 展望未来look around 环顾；四下看look at 看；检查look back on 回忆look down upon/on 瞧不起look into 调查；审查单句语法填空单句语法填空They look down _ this kind of work.When I look back _ 2014，Im proud of wh
23、at we have achieved.When I came in，he was focusing on his novel and didnt look_.3focus on 集中集中(注意力、精力等注意力、精力等)于于The discussion focused on three main problems.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。All eyes were focused on the speaker.大家的目光都集中在发言人身上。“集中注意力于/全神贯注于”表达法集锦：concentrate (ones mind/attention) onbe buried/absorbed/lo
24、st inkeep ones mind onfocus/fix ones mind/attention onlose oneself in/bury oneself in单句语法填空单句语法填空She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to focus _ herstudies.Catherine was seated in the sofa, totally absorbed _ the book about youth and dreams.4carry on 继续做，坚持干继续做，坚持干After
25、the meal, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on their discussion.吃完饭后经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。Whatever difficulty we meet with, we will carry on with the project.不管遇到什么困难，我们都将继续这项工程。We all carried on singing as if nothing odd was happening.我们继续歌唱，就像什么怪事也没发生过一样。(1)carry on doing sth.继续做某事carr
26、y on with sth.继续某事(2)carry 构成的其他短语：carry out 实施，执行(指示、命令等)，完成(任务)carry sth.through(克服困难后)把进行到底，完成carry sb.through 使某人渡过难关单句语法填空单句语法填空Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi, the girl was determined to carry _ with her goodwork.(湖北改编)He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he went to carry _
27、thesecret task.Youll have an accident if you carry on _(drive) like that.He asked us to assist him in carrying _ his plan.用用 carry 短语的适当形式填空短语的适当形式填空Although faced with so many difficulties, they still _ their research.The support of her mother _ Jane Goodall _ and she devoted herself tothe study of
28、 chimps.After two trials，we began to_ the task.The team will have to _ without Professor Smith.5. so as to (do sth.)为了；以便为了；以便The journalist raised his hand so as to earn a chance to ask the question to the spokesperson.那名记者举手想获得向发言人提问的机会。The mother covered the baby so as to protect him from being h
29、urt.母亲把婴儿盖起来为了保护他免受伤害。动词不定式的一个主要作用，是在句中作目的状语。in order to 或 so as so 则使“目的”更加明确。so as to, in order to, in order that, so that, so.as toso as to常放在句中，不能放在句首。(否定形式：so as not to)引导目的状语in order to可置于句中或句首， 引导目的状语， 意为 “为了； 以便” (否定形式： in ordernot to)in order that引导目的状语从句，从句中常有情态动词 can/could/may/ might 等so
30、that引导目的状语从句，从句中常有情态动词 can/could/may/ might 等引导结果状语从句，从句中不用情态动词so.as to引导结果状语，意为“如此以至于”(否定形式：so.as not to)完成句子完成句子He ran quickly _ catch the last bus.他跑得很快以便赶上末班车。We turned on the light _/_ we might see what it was.We turned on the light _ see what it was.我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。She is _ angry _ say a word
31、in front of him.她如此生气以至于在他面前说不出一句话。Part 03 句型精讲句型精讲1Before the mid-20th century，most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.在 20 世纪中期之前，大多数人都觉得去太空旅游是一个不可能实现的梦想。(1)句式分析句式分析：这是一个复合句。主句的主语是 most people，felt 是谓语，后面是省略了引导词 that 的宾语从句。在宾语从句中，travelling into space 是动名词作主语，was 是系动词，an imp
32、ossible dream 是表语。(2)v.-ing(短语短语)作主语作主语v.-ing(短语)作主语往往表示一般情况或抽象动作，其被动形式为 being done。谓语动词的数：单个的 v.-ing(短语)作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式；但是两个及以上的 v.-ing(短语)作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据叙述的事来确定。如果是一件事，谓语动词要用单数形式；如果是两件或多件事情，谓语动词用复数形式。Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.大声朗读对我们学习外语非常重要。Being praised b
33、y his teacher made him regain confidence.被老师表扬使他重新获得了信心。Seeing much, suffering much, and studying much are the three pillars of learning.见识多、遭难重、钻研深是学问的三大要素。当 use， good， worth， fun 等名词或形容词作表语时， 可用 it 作形式主语， 把作主语的 v.-ing后置。常见句型有：It is no use/no good/a waste of time doing sth.做某事没有用/没有好处/浪费时间。It is wo
34、rth doing sth.做某事是值得的。I think it is no good reading in bed.我认为在床上看书没有好处。It is worth seeing the movie for another time.这部电影值得再看一次。v.-ing(短语)作主语时，如果要突出动作的执行者，要在前面加上其逻辑主语，这个逻辑主语要用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词，不能用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格。Roses coming wont be of much help.罗丝的到来不会有多大帮助。(不能用 Rose)单句语法填空单句语法填空_(know) the differences
35、 between the two research findings will be helpful to yourexperiment.(2019天津改编)Learning to think critically(批判性地) _(be) an important skill todayschildren will need for the future.(2019江苏改编)_(he) making the same mistake again made his teacher very angry.Its no use _(worry) about it.You can do somethi
36、ng to change it._(bring) up in a poor family made Tom very hard-working when he was stillyoung.2These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the universenever died.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的渴望从未消失。(1)句式分析句式分析：这是一个简单句。but 连接两个并列的分句，在前一个分句中，These disasters是主语，made 是谓语，ever
37、yone 是宾语，sad and disappointed 是形容词作宾语补足语；后面的分句中，主语是 the desire，to explore the universe 是不定式短语作后置定语，died 是谓语。(2)“make宾语宾补宾语宾补”结构。结构。该结构的具体形式：make名词/代词不带 to 的不定式。当该结构用于被动语态时，不定式符号 to 要还原。make名词/代词过去分词。该过去分词与宾语是动宾关系。make名词/代词形容词。表示“使某人或某物变得”。make名词/代词名词。表示“使某人或某物成为”。make it宾补不定式(真正的宾语)。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不
38、定式。Every day my parents make me have an egg.Every day I am made to have an egg by myparents.我爸妈每天要我吃一个鸡蛋。Its too noisy.I cant make my voice heard.太吵了，我不能让别人听到我的声音。We must make the room clean.我们必须把房间打扫干净。We made Tom monitor.我们让汤姆当班长。The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我们无法出去。学习学习“m
39、ake宾语宾补宾语宾补”结构需注意以下几点：结构需注意以下几点：能用过去分词作宾补，但不能用现在分词作宾补；宾补若是省略 to 的不定式，变为被动语态时不定式符号 to 则必须加上；如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词，则名词前不用冠词。单句语法填空单句语法填空This produced a chain reaction，which made _ possible for life to develop.The teacher raised his voice so that he could made himself _ (hear)单句写作Mary tried to _(留我们吃晚饭)
40、He believes that the system will _(让他成为一名更好的医生)3Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understandhow the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future.尽管困难重重， 科学家希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源， 而且还能帮助我们在未来活得很好。(1)句式分析句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是 scientis
41、ts，hope 是谓语，后面是省略了连接词 that 的宾语从句。在宾语从句中使用了 not only.but also.。(2)not only.but (also)表示表示“不但不但而且而且”。该结构用法说明：。该结构用法说明：1.语法功能语法功能：连词词组，用于连接平行结构的句子、短语、名词、代词等2.主谓一致：主谓一致：参照就近原则3.句子结构：句子结构：当 not only 位于句首，且后接句子时，后面的句子要用部分倒装结构Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对
42、。He not only read the book，but also remembered what he had read.他不但读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat.太阳给我们提供光和热。单句语法填空单句语法填空Not only he but also I _(be) fond of playing the piano.Not only his parents but also his brother _(go) to the Summer Palace, and the
43、yhavent been back yet.Not only he but also his parents _(be) pleased when the result was announced.Either you or one of your students _(be) to give a speech at the opening ceremony.Unit 4 课文重点小结课文重点小结词性转变词性转变1.intelligence n.智力:才智 intelligent adj.有才智的:聪明的2.front n.前面:正前方frontier n.边界:边缘3.disappoint
44、adj. 失望的; 沮丧的disappointment n. 失望; 沮丧 disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的 disappointing adj. 令人失望的4. lack n. 缺乏; 短缺vt. 没有; 缺乏 lacking adj. 缺乏的; 没有的; 不足的5. determine vt.查明; 确定; 决定 determination n.决心;果断;决定 determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的6.intelligent adj. 聪明的；有智力的 intelligence n. 智力；才智7.independently adv. 独立地； 自立地in
45、dependent adj.独立的:自主的;自治的 independence n.独立:独立性:自主8.limit n.限度:限制 v.切限制 limitation n.限制, 能力上的不足 limited adj.有限的 limitlessadj.无限制的9.select 挑选; 选拔 selectionn. 选择; 挑选 selected adj.精选的10.attach vt.系；绑；贴；(使)附属 attachment n附件；喜爱；连接11.current adj.流通的:流行的 currently adv.现时,目前 currency n. 通货；货币12.sufficient a
46、dj. 足够的 sufficiencyn. 足够；充分 sufficiently n. 足够地；充分地13.globe n.地球仪;地球 global adj 全球的:全世界的14.argue v.争论:争吵:争辩 argument n.争论:争吵:争辩15keen adj. 渴望的 keenly adv. 强烈地；敏锐地 keenness n. 渴望16.desire n.渴望 v,渴望 desirable adj. 令人满意的 desired adj. 渴望的; 想得到的课文重点短语课文重点短语1. in closing最后2. run out (of)用完；耗尽3. as a resul
47、t所以；结果是4. carry on继续做；坚持干5. be curious about对.感到好奇6. limited resource 有限的资源7.on board在飞船上；在船上；在飞机上8. attach importance to 重视，认为.重要9. so as to / in order to为了；以便10. high-end 高端的11. lack of缺少；短缺12. solar system 太阳系13. figure out弄懂；弄清楚14. result in 导致；造成15. in the hope of抱着.希望16. provide for sb 提供生活所需课
48、文重点句式课文重点句式1. v.-ing(短语)作主语2. “make宾语宾补”结构3. not only.but (also)表示“不但而且Unit 4 课文重点单词、短语及句式随堂练习答案课文重点单词、短语及句式随堂练习答案Part I 课文重点单词课文重点单词1.ondetermineddetermineddeterminationDeterminedwas determined to make good use ofdetermined to settleBecause they were determined to completeDetermined to complete2.2.
49、disappointeddisappointmentat/aboutto knowin/withdisappointeddisappointingwere disappointed to findare disappointed at/about3to jointo seefor(should) be finishedhave a strong desire to go to a keydesire to go to a key university(should) go to a key university4independentlyonofIndependencebe independe
50、nt ofas/became independent from5signalingto signalsignalsatoPart 02 短语精讲短语精讲1.被建造上涨going up go in for goes bygone throughoverout2.upon/ononup3.on/uponinup4.on outdrivingthrough/outcarry on with carried/throughcarry outcarry on5.so as to(或 in order to)so that/in order that; so as toso; as not toPart 03 句型精讲句型</p>
