1、北京市部分区 2020-2021 学年高一英语上学期期末试题分类汇编阅读理解阅读理解专题专题北京市海淀区 2020-2021 学年高一上学期期末调研英语试题第一节第一节 阅读选择（共阅读选择（共 12 小题；每题小题；每题 2 分，共分，共 24 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASurfer Dudes to the Rescue!About 50 feet from shore of the Northern Californias Trinidad State Beach, two brot
2、herswere fighting for their lives. They had been swept out to sea in a rip current (激流), theirmouths barely able to stay above the water. Thick fog made it difficult for beachgoers to see theguys, but the screams were unmistakable.And every second counted. The brothers, ages 15 and20, were wearing s
3、horts and T-shirts, unsuitable for a November day, let alone the freezingwater. Keven Harder, a supervising ranger (巡查员), told the North Coast Journal in nearbyEureka that swimming in such a temperature “takes the fight right out of you.”Luckily, four surfers in wet suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel
4、, Spenser Stratton, andAdrian York, all 16, along with Taj Ortiz-Beck, 15, were on their surfboards riding up and downthe coast on five-foot waves when they heard the cries. They turned and saw two bobbing headsand four struggling arms. “We looked at each other and knew these guys were about to drow
5、n,”Weibel told the Washington Post.Weibel, Stratton, and Ortiz-Beck paddled toward the distressed swimmers while Yorkheaded to shore to warn someone to call 911. He then dived back in to help his friends.As the surfers drew close, the brothers were still fighting hard for their lives. “It was pretty
6、stressful, but there wasnt any time to think about it, and that helped me keep my cool,”Ortiz-Beck says.Ortiz-Beck pulled up alongside the younger brother. Grabbing him under his arms, heraised him up onto his board. Stratton and Weibel, meanwhile, hurried to help the older brother.He was large, 250
7、 to 300 pounds, and he was panicked.“I told them, Calm downwe got you!” says Weibel. “They thought they were going todie.”York arrived in time to help get the older brother atop the second board. The surfers thenpaddled several minutes through choppy water to the medical help waiting onshore. Thebro
8、thers were scared but fine.“When we get a call like this one, its usually too late by the time we get there,” saysDillon Cleavenger, a first responder. “I cant say enough about what these boys did. They werewilling and prepared to risk their lives.”29. What can we know from the first paragraph?A. Tw
9、o brothers were almost drowned in the sea.B. Beachgoers happened to meet the two brothers.C. The supervising ranger warned them not to swim then.D. Surfers barely wore T-shirts and shorts in such weather.30 What were the four boys doing when they heard the screams?A. Swimming in a rip current.B. Sur
10、fing on high waves.C. Struggling with their arms to shore.D. Practising diving in the sea.31. In the rescue, _.A.Andrian York dived back to call the policeB. Keven Harder played the most important roleC Narayan Weibel tried to calm down the brothersD. Ortiz-Beck saved the larger and panicked brother
11、32. Which of the following words can best describe the four surfers?A. Hardworking and friendly.B. Kind and humorous.C. Devoted and talented.D. Brave and determined.BI want you all to know that Ive quit social media, and my life has gotten so much better. Imean, its only been 15 minutes but I can al
12、ready tell Im a different person. Fifteen minutes ago,I stopped using Facebook and Twitter. Within seconds, I noticed I am happier, less irritable,more contemplative(深思熟虑的) and balanced. Im spending more time on activities thatmatter. Just in the past two minutes, Ive looked at a book on my bookshel
13、f and brieflypondered opening it.Im truly changing. This is going to sound crazy, but since quitting social medianow,lets see, 16 minutes agoall of my senses are enhanced. My eyesight is clearer. Food tastesbetter. I just smelled the first tulips of spring. I am jolted by a burst of energy. Every mo
14、rning Iam going to meditate or at least lie in my bed and consider meditating.What purpose does social media serve, anyhow? The academics tell us its making usmiserablethe constant updates from friends with their expensive vacations and gossips aboutcelebrities. If you think about it, the Internet w
15、as really only supposed to be for one thing:ordering socks from J. Crew. Then people started posting photographs of their dogs inHalloween costumes, and we all began sending Happy Birthday wishes to classmates wed losttouch with since fifth grade, and the whole thing became the nightmare.Social medi
16、a ruins perfectly good human beings. There are people I love in real life andhate on social media. Worst still, social media stifles( 抑 制 ) creativity. Theyve studied thisin rats, you know. Scientists made rats quit using Facebook, and when they came back in a fewhours, all of the rats were writing
17、really solid debut novels.Its been 17 minutes. I have a feeling that my quitting social media is having a physicaleffect.All I did was quit looking at my phone 900 times a day. Ill tell them the secret. Quitsocial media.All of lifes annoying problems will be over.Your relationships will improve.Youl
18、l never feel down. Youll never get stuck in traffic.Do I miss it? Thanks for asking. I dont even know why I thought it was so important. I donot need to see the 800th photo from my co-workers trip. I have no idea how a hot topic isgoing on.And its OK. I cant imagine going back. Ive quit social media
19、. Its only been 18minutes, but Im pretty sure Im going to make it a full twenty.33. What was the Internet originally used to do according to the passage?A. To read digital books.B. To do shopping online.C. To make some new friends.D. To share holiday experience.34. The author keeps counting the time
20、 in order to _.A. show how fantastic it is to quitB. prove it a struggling process to quitC. remind himself of the time in quittingD. make a record for his study of quitting35. What is the tone of this article?A. Official.B. Serious.C. Humorous.D. Plain.36. Which of the following would be the best t
21、itle for the passage?A. How I Made an Important DecisionB. Why We Cant Live Without the InternetC. The Influence of Social Media: Pros & ConsD. Quitting Social Media Will Save Your LifeCMost people have been taught that losing weight is a matter of simple math. Cutcaloriesspecifically 3,500 calo
22、ries, and youll lose a pound. But as it turns out, experts arelearning that this decades-old strategy is actually pretty misguided. “This idea of a calorie inand a calorie outwhen it comes to weight loss is not only outdated, its just wrong,” says Dr.Fatima Cody Stanford, an obesity specialist at Ha
23、rvard Medical School. The truth is that evencareful calorie calculations dont always yield(产生) uniform results.How your body burns calories depends on a number of factors. Three factors affect howyour body processes calories.Your gut microbiome (肠道微生物肠道微生物). Trillions of organisms live in your gut,
24、and theimportant types may influence how many calories your body absorbs from food. This may occurbecause some types of organisms are able to break down and use more calories from certainfoods than other types of organisms. Researchers have found that people who are naturally thinhave different type
25、s of organisms living inside them than those who are overweight.Your metabolism (新陈代谢新陈代谢). Each body has a “set point” that governs weight, says Dr.Stanford. This set point reflects several factors, including your genes, your environment, andyour behaviors.Aregion at the base of your brain stands g
26、uard to keep your body weight fromdipping below that set pointwhich is not really a bonus if youre trying to lose weight.The type of food you eat. Your food choices may also influence your calorie intake, andnot just because of their specific calorie content. One 2019 study published in Cell Metabol
27、ismfound that eating processed foods seems to spur people to eat more calories compared witheating unprocessed foods.If counting calories isnt a dependable way to manage your weight, what can you do toshed extra pounds? Dr.Stanford recommends the following.Focus on diet quality. When planning your m
28、eals, focus on choosing unprocessed foods,including lean meats, whole grains, and lots of fruits and vegetables in their natural form.Exercise regularly.Aim to get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise eachweek. Moderate exercise is done at a level where you can talk, but not sing.Cons
29、ult a professional. “Alot of people believe its a moral failing if they are unable tolose weight,” says Dr. Stanford. But its not.As with other medical conditions, many people willneed help from a doctor. Successful weight loss may require more than just diet and exercise.“Only 2% of people who meet
30、 the criteria for the use of anti-obesity medications actually getthem. This means that 98% of people who could be treated arent,” she says, “Dont be afraid toseek help if you need it.”37. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?A. Old theories actually mislead us.B. Losing weight lies in losing calorie.
31、C. Calorie calculations lead to good results.D. Losing weight by losing calorie is outdated.38. The processing of calories is affected by how you _.A. choose the types of food you consumeB. focus on the quality of your dietC. adjust your brain to the “set point”D. reduce the organisms living in your
32、 gut39. The underlined word “shed” in Paragraph 6 means “_”.A. weighB. produceC. loseD. cost40. It is implied in the passage that _.A. cutting calories is essential for weight lossB. losing weight can be double-edgedC. healthy eating keeps you losing weightD. a healthy lifestyle is key to weight los
33、s北京市丰台区 2020-2021 学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分, 共 30 分)阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASunshine High SchoolEcoCentralThis website is all about looking after the Earth. There are facts about different animals, as well as informationabout forests, deserts and oceans: Yo
34、u can upload your own videos onto the site for everyone to see.TeenPressThis is one of the best sites on the web for teenagers who love writing. You can share your work with others,and there are message boards where you can chat about things that are important to you.ChannelTwentyOn this site you ca
35、n watch a daily news program and search for information about big news stories. There arealso videos on different subjects, articles about famous bands, games and competitions.Inside-the-coverFinding out about your favorite writers is easy on this site. There are lots of interesting articles andinfo
36、rmation about the latest books. You can read blogs by well-known writers and post questions to them. And youare likely to get replies from them.Tune-inThere are millions of songs on this website for you to download or listen to online. You can save your favoritesongs in your own list. If youre in a
37、band, you can record your music and upload it. The website is large, but themenus are easy to use.ScienceZoneTheres lots of information on this site about maths, chemistry and biology. You can visit some of the worldsmost famous museums, or watch wildlife via webcams. There are also some very cool g
38、ames, such as Save thePlanet.21. TeenPress is a website for teenagers who _.A. enjoy writingB. care about the EarthC. like watching the newsD. are interested in music22. On Inside-the-cover, you can _.A. take writing classesB. share your articlesC. learn about the latest booksD. answer the writersqu
39、estions23. If you like visiting online museums, which website is best for you?A. EcoCentral.B. ScienceZone.C. Tune-in.D. ChannelTwenty.24. The author writes the passage to_.A. introduce websites to teenagersB. teach teenagers to design websitesC. encourage teenagers to create websitesD. compare diff
40、erent websites for teenagersBMost people make a donation (捐赠)if they want to help those in need. But Eddie Izzard, a47-year-old British man, did something completely different. He decided to raise money byrunning 1,100 miles. And he managed to raise more than 200,000!It would take most people at lea
41、st two years if they were crazy enough to try and mil such adistance. But Eddie Izzard? It took him just 51 days. In less than two months, he ran 43marathons!When asked how he felt, he said that he was planning to “sleep for a week”. He thanked thepeople who had come to support him and joined him on
42、 his journey.And how long did he have to train for all this? Well, amazingly, only five weekshe wasnteven particularly fit when he decided to put himself in for this journey.And what a journey it was! He lost several of his toenails (脚趾甲)and had blisters (水泡)allover his feet. He had to take ice bath
43、s for his legs at the end of each day to help stop his legsinflating (肿胀)lo twice the size of an elephant.Ever experts are impressed with what he has achieved.Andy Dixon editor of Runners World,says, “Covering 26 miles in a day at whatever speed for 43 runs, its demanding. A5-hourmarathon is a fairl
44、y decent pace. Its a great achievement.”So how did he do it? Well, he ran slowly at first. Ten hours a day to begin with and, as he gotfitter, he got faster. In the end he was finishing in just over five hours. But fitness alone was notenough. What was more important was the fact that Eddie Izzard w
45、anted to make a difference toother peopled lives. What Eddie Izzard did was so special that the documentary of his run hasbeen made into an inspiring film: Believe! “Youve got to believe you can be something else.Thats why I keep going.” Eddie says in the film.25. Eddie Izzard rail 1,100 miles to _.
46、A. keep fitB. win the prizeC. collect moneyD. expressthanks26. Eddies running journey was _.A. painfulB. excitingC. dangerousD. pleasant27. What can we learn from the passage?A. Fitness leads to Eddies success.B. Eddies story has been made into a film.C It took Eddie 51 days to prepare for the runni
47、ng.D. Eddie finished the running with the experts help.28. Which of the following words can best describe Eddie Izzard?A. Smart and helpful.B. Inspiring and honest.C. Patient and hard-working.D. Caring and strong-willed.CMagical boxIn the 1994 film Forrest Gump, theres a famous saying, “Life is like
48、 a box of chocolates; younever know what youre gonna get.” The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind box toys arebringing the magic of surprise to online shopping.Ablind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging (统一的包装)and cannot be seen fromthe outside. You dont know what will be inside, although
49、 the toys typically come from pop culture,ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.Blind boxes have caught on since they were first introduced from Japan to China in 2014.According to a 2019 Tmall (天猫)report, the mini-series of Labubu blind box, designed by HongKong-born Kasing Lung, was named Cha
50、mpion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 secondsduring the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for these magical mystery (神秘)boxesare young people aged 18 to 35.According to the report blind box toys are popular partly because of their cute appearances.The typically cute cartoon figurines (
