1、Unit 4 Space exploration Section B Discovering Useful StructuresMENULeading-inPart 1Part 2Part 3While-classAfter-classPart.1 Leading-inPart.1 Leading-inLeading in思考下面两句话的含义，注意划线部分的用法。Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of mans desire to understand.Neil Armstrong To succeed, you must accep
2、t all the challenges, cant just accept the ones you like.Mike GaffkaPart.2 While-classPart.2 While-classWhile-classActivity 1两人一组观察和讨论活动1中的五个句子，尝试说出每个句子中动词不定式的功能和意义。I trained for a long time to fly airplanes a fighter pilot.As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work i
3、n space.First of all，you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.Some scientists were determined to help humans realise the dream to explore space.On 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.While-classinfinitives as adverbials to express pu
4、rposes：I trained for a long time in order that I could fly airplanes a fighter pilot.As we all know，an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order that he/she can work in space.infinitive as the adverbial to show the result：First of all，you must be intelligent enough so that you could get a rela
5、ted college degree.infinitives as attributes to modify sth.：Some scientists were determined to help humans realise the dream which was to explore space.On 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world who went into space.While-class总结总结1不定式（to do）的功能和意义：可作状语，表目的或结果，多可转化为 in order t
6、hat/so that引导的状语从句；为强调目的，可用 in order to/so as to 。可作定语，起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句。While-class从单元中找出更多类似的句子，归纳这两种用法的特点。People have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe. The
7、y also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life. Americas NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space. (adverbial)(attribute;adverbial)(adverbial) (adverbial)While-classThese disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the
8、desire to explore the universe never died. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surfa
9、ce. After that, China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it. (attribute) (attribute)(adverbial) (adverbial) While-classThis signaled one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in the future. More recently, China has sent Change 4 to explore the
10、 surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. (attribute)(adverbial) (attribute)While-class不定式作状语表目的： work hard to find answers carry brave people into space to find out
11、 the secrets launched Voyager 1 to study deep space sent Change 4 to explore the surface launched Tianzhou 1 to dock with it. being sent to the moon to study its surface be healthy and calm in order to work in space. sent Change 4 to explore the surfaceWhile-class不定式作状语表结果： are suitable enough to su
12、pport life. be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. While-class总结2：不定式作状语：可以表示目的或结果，多可转化为 in order that/so that引导的状语从句；常用结构：in order to/so as to（表目的）be+adj.+ enough to do（表结果）While-class不定式作定语起修饰作用： vehicles to carry brave people into space the desire to explore the universe never die
13、d. Chinas plan to establish a space station plans to study and explore planets their dream to explore space the third country to send humans into space the first person to go into space.While-class总结3不定式作定语：起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句；可修饰名词、数词、代词等，常置于被修饰词后；多表示将来的动作；后接不定式作定语的名词有：desire，dream，plan，goal等。While-c
14、lass拓展：It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity. 总结4不定式作状语：可以表示原因，可根据其在语境中的意义，转化为相应的状语从句。常用结构：be+ proud/pleased/.+to do（表原因）While-class根据所学语法完成活动2。Mankind has always been curious about the universe and many people have dreamt that one day they would fly into space.Astronauts bo
15、nes and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity, so they need to exercise every day, which will help them stay healthy. many people have the dream to fly into space one day. so they need to exercise every day to/in order to/so as to stay healthy.While-classAstronauts have to us
16、e tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise.During a spacewalk, astronauts have to move slowly so that they can keep their bodies under control. while working in space to/in order to/so as to keep everything from floating off. move slowly to/in
17、 order to/so as to keep their bodies under control. Part.3 After-classPart.3 After-classAfter-class完成活动3，在小组内讨论结果。Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal _ (achieve). One of the problems is that the trip would take a very long time. For example, _ (use) th
18、e current technology, it would take over two years _ (get) to the closest planet, Mars, and back. Although light is the fastest thing _(know) in the universe, it could take more than four years to reach the nearest star system. Will scientists figure out a way _(store) sufficient food and water for
19、the long journey? Is it possible to travel faster than light? No one knows the answers yet. However, space scientists never give up. They are experimenting with growing crops in space so as _(help) astronauts get enough food on longer journeys through space.答案：to achieve; using; to get; known; to store; to helpSummary不定式（不定式（to do）的功能和意义）的功能和意义可作状语，表目的或结果，多可转化为 in order that/so that引导的状语从句；为强调目的，可用 in order to/so as to 。可作定语，起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句。Thank you!
