1、UnitUnit 4 4AdversityAdversity andand couragecourage 单元练习单元练习第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AArchitect Daniel Libeskind is the designer of some global landmarks such asNew Yorks One World Trade Center and Berlins Jewish Museum. In his new book,he
2、 reviews his lifes work and its inspirationsincluding these books.Alices Adventures in Wonderland &Through the Looking-Glass by LewisCarroll. I love Lewis Carroll; hes a total genius (天才). His two classic works arechildrens books for grown-ups because they show aspects of the creative mind thatwe al
3、l have but seldom use in adulthood. Inspired by Carroll, I make a habit of tryingto learn seven amazing things before breakfast.Ulysses by James Joyce. Joyce once said that if Dublin were destroyed, youcould recreate the entire city from this novel. You cant do urban planning withoutUlysses because
4、it is a labyrinth (迷宫) you can never leave.In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust. Prousts great novel is really a book ofreflections about how architectureour living spacescreates a blueprint (蓝图) forour dreams, our desires, our emotions, and our memories. Where we have lived, whatwe have eaten, a
5、nd what kind of cups we useall of those aspects are examined herein minute detail.Emily Dickinsons Herbarium by Emily Dickinson. From childhood onward,Dickinson collected, pressed, and classified the plants she grew in her garden inAmherst. Through the pictures in this book, you can see how her poet
6、ryall hersymbols, all her metaphors (隐喻), the colors she mentionsmirrors nature. Youdont even have to read her poetry to see what a great artist she was.1.Which of the following books is set in Dublin?A.Ulysses.B.In Search of Lost Time.C.Alices Adventures in Wonderland &Through the Looking-Glass.D.E
7、mily Dickinsons Herbarium.2.Who was interested in various plants?A.James Joyce.B.Emily Dickinson.C.Marcel Proust.D.Lewis Carroll.3.What can be learned about the books mentioned in the text?A.They are all novels.B.They are written for children.C.They offer inspirations to Daniel Libeskind.D.They focu
8、s on the power of nature.BGrowing up, Deka Ismail said she let labels define what she could be. “I was ablack girl, from a refugee(难民) family,” said Deka. “It was as if I was only allowedto explore in this predetermined box.”After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in
9、 scienceand gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and beganmaking big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at theUniversity of California, planning to become a professor.Born and raised in San Diegos City Heights neighbourhood, Deka is the
10、daughter of a Somalia refugee couple. While some might say Dekas successhappened in spite of her background, she would say differently, that her experiencesshaped her and inspired her to be a driven(奋发努力的), young scientist.When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back ins
11、chool in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that educationcould make a difference to ones life. She spent a lot of time in the library readingbooks, and didnt do many of the things her peers did, like partying or havingromantic relationships.“I always felt like I had to be the
12、 perfect girl for my family,” said Deka. “Youhave to not even do your best but two times better than everyone else. I felt like thewhole world was waiting for me to mess up.”Dekas effort paid off. The summer before her senior year of high school, shewas accepted into the American Chemical Society Pr
13、oject SEED Programme. “Shebrought both enthusiasm and focus,” Botham, a researcher at this research institute,recalled. “She arrived every day ready to work, ready to learn and ready to resolvenew challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”When asked what advice she would
14、 give to others like her, Deka warned themnot to underestimate themselves. “Dont tell yourself that scholarship is too big, thisprogramme is too competitive or Ill never get into this school,” she said. “I was notsure whether I could make it until I started seeing the acceptance letters rolling in.”
15、4.From the passage, we can learn that.A.Deka was adopted by a refugee familyB.Deka spent a lot of time going to partiesC.Deka became a professor after graduationD.Dekas experiences drove her to work hard5.Deka realized the importance of education.A.from her mothers experienceB.after her chemistry cl
16、assC.by reading books in the libraryD.through working at the institute6.According to the last paragraph, Deka advised that students should be.A.patientB.positiveC.ambitiousD.enthusiastic7.What does the story intend to tell us?A.Life is not all roses.B.Practice makes perfect.C.Well begun is half done
17、.D.Hard work leads to success.CIn 1802, 31-year-old Beethoven paced through the countryside around Vienna.Rays of sunshine pierced through the trees, the hard soil crunched beneath his feet andbirds conducted their own orchestra. But Beethoven wasnt amazed at these details.Some years earlier, he had
18、 started to lose his hearing. He still persevered with hiswork, and went on creating timeless music. But he found little joy in the process.Today, 466 million people worldwide have disabling hearing loss, and over 900million are expected to have it by 2050, according to the World Health Organization
19、.Its impact is often underestimated compared with other disabilities, and people withhearing loss constantly experience communication difficulties in their everyday lives.They often mishear the speech and find it very difficult to follow conversations. Themiscommunication can lead individuals to fee
20、l isolated as they struggle to take part insocial interactions, and ultimately lead them to withdraw from society. As HelenKeller once wrote:Blindness cuts us off from things, but deafness cuts us off frompeople.To this day, there is still no cure for sensorineural(感觉神经性的) hearing loss(the most comm
21、on type, and the one Beethoven had). We have advancedtechnological devices that strengthen the sound, such as hearing aids and cochlearimplants(人工耳蜗), but these still dont restore hearing. Scientists have beenstudying the regeneration process of hair cells in non-mammals, and they haveidentified var
22、ious genes and proteins that have central roles. These can be targeted atstimulating support cells in the cochlea to create more hair cells and replace those thatdied. Some of these cell therapies have been successful in restoring the hearing ofmice and guinea pigs: a breakthrough! If it works, such
23、 a scientific advance couldtransform hearing health care.When Beethoven lost his hearing, he separated himself from society, but onething that gave him strength was the hope that his hearing could be regained one day.But each medical remedy he attempted failed. In 1802, he wrote:But thinking that fo
24、rsix years now, I have been hopelessly afflicted, made worse by senseless physicians,from year to year cheated by hopes of improvement,and finally forced to face alasting disease(whose cure will take years or perhaps be impossible).8.What does the first paragraph serve as?A.An introduction.B.A backg
25、round.C.A comment.D.An explanation.9.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A.We all should give a hand to the disabled.B.The difficulties the deaf in the world are facing.C.There are many people going through hardship.D.Helen Keller and Beethoven have the same problem.10.What makes the autho
26、r feel relieved according to the passage?A.The deaf are optimistic about their lives.B.Science and technology are vital for the world.C.The deaf are always inspired by the famous.D.Technology is helping the deaf find a solution.11.What is the best title for the passage?A.Thanks to your dream!B.Every
27、thing is possibleC.Beethovens dreamD.I have a dreamDAn obstacle(障碍)usually refers to a difficulty or problem that prevents you fromachieving something. Whether it was in your past, or youre presently facing anobstacle, you have to resolve it. Some people avoid obstacles or deny their existence.Other
28、s let obstacles control them, and they feel defeated. Your attitude towardsobstacles will define the outcome of whether you rise from the challenge, or remainstuck in it. Here are some reasons for loving obstacles.First, obstacles give you purposes. Sometimes obstacles can reset your goals.You might
29、 have always had a particular way of doing things, or wanted to pursue(追求)certain goals, but when youre faced with setbacks or difficulties, youre forced torethink, and re-examine your path. You may end up focusing on something new andexciting. Or, you may concentrate on something that you otherwise
30、 wouldnt have ifnot for the particular setback. By having to overcome an obstacle, youll be tryingyour best to fulfill a purpose, rather than just going through the motions. Second,obstacles prepare you for the unexpected. Obstacles serve as guides to where to gonext. Even though obstacles can bring
31、 out many negative emotions in us, such asfrustration, anger, or sadness, its important to realize that they dont stop you fromreaching your intended goals. Instead, they, in a way, give you time to stop and thinkif perhaps there is a new and better path to take and what you can prepare for whatwill
32、 happen along the way. Obstacles shift(转变) your perspective.Obstacles, whether you like them or not, are unavoidable. Life will never stopthrowing you new obstacles. So, the best thing to do is know how to better see anddeal with these obstacles, and transform them into opportunities for self-improv
33、ement.The more youre able to see obstacles as advantages in your life, the better youll be atmanaging them.Accepting obstacles will be rewarding. It will make you constantly change andadapt to new situations, allowing you to grow into a better version of yourself.12.What determines the outcome of ob
34、stacles you face?A.Your own attitude.B.Your quick adaptation.C.Your adequate preparation.D.Your optimistic perseverance.13.What does the underlined part probably mean?A.Acting enthusiastically.B.Acting half-heartedly.C.Being more motivated.D.Being more determined.14.How would obstacles result in ben
35、efits?A.They prevent your negative emotions.B.They give you advantages over others.C.They make you think quickly and critically.D.They allow you to view things from new angles.15.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Avoiding obstacles does harm to life.B.Loving obstacles benefits a lot.C.Obstacles a
36、re actually unavoidable.D.Obstacles are double-edged swords.第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Society tells us that you cant teach an old dog new tricks. But it doesnt have tobe that way. A new study published in Human Development points out that using achildli
37、ke approach to learning can help people of any age take on and rise to newchallenges.16Venture(冒险) outside your comfort zone. As adults, we tend to use similar skillsday in and day out: we take jobs in fields were already good at, drive the same routesto the same places, and fall into routines were
38、comfortable with.17Switchingto something more challenging may have more cognitive benefits.18A fear of making mistakes is another reason why adults are slow tolearn new things;if we try but fail, we can face criticism, lose money, or get fired.Thats why its important to build up a support network of
39、 people at work and athomewho allow you to make mistakes and learn from them.Make a serious commitment and dont give up.19If you can affordit,spending money on a new pursuitfor example, booking a trip to Rome to practiceyour Italianmight also make it harder to throw in the towel.Learn more than one
40、thing at once. We tend to zero in on one hobby or one skill.But dividing that time and energy into three or four areas will stretch your brain in alldifferent directions.20Add singing lessons, and next year you try somethingelse. You can add things gradually based on what you can handle.A.Turn to yo
41、ur friends and family.B.The following strategies will do the trick.C.Surround yourself with encouraging people.D.Telling friends about your new goal can help keep you motivated.E.But all this familiarity limits the parts of the brain were using regularly.F.That doesnt mean you should start all the n
42、ew challenges all at once, though.G.So feeling comfortable can reduce stress and make you happier and moreproductive.16.17.18.19.20.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。While my friends went away to their universities in great delight, I restarte
43、d mysenior high school life. My spirits21at the prospect of starting all over again.22by strange classmates, I felt as though I were in a maze(迷宫) and felt23for myself. There were some complex feelings in my mind. I was frightened,nervous and lonely.To make matters worse, I recalled my failure again
44、 and again, which put morepressure on me than I could bear. As a result, I was always feeling24duringclass.One of my teachers noticed my depression and one day he asked me to come tohis office, where he told me about his25towards life. He said we might26from making mistakes, but it was important to
45、shape ourselves into the people we27. All the growing pains and the embarrassing things we28are parts of theprocess. We never stop29, so learn from it and keep your spirits up! If you areoptimistic, things you want may30to you! Warm feelings rushed through me. I31saw the sun shining again when I ste
46、pped out of his office.With the teachers help, I finally got over my depression. From then on, I nolonger32my head but began smiling at my classmates. I put up my hand33in class and tried to answer the teachers questions correctly.I34have a thirst for my ideal university,35Im not afraid of failurebe
47、cause I can benefit from it.21.A.sankB.failedC.disappearedD.ran22.A.HitB.SurroundedC.StruckD.Loved23.A.unluckyB.angryC.sorryD.afraid24.A.highB.downC.lonelyD.happy25.A.wayB.methodC.measureD.attitude26.A.learnB.sufferC.hearD.judge27.A.reachB.enjoyC.likeD.hate28.A.feelB.experienceC.tasteD.get29.A.stand
48、ing upB.growing upC.going upD.rising up30.A.referB.turnC.stickD.happen31.A.suddenlyB.generallyC.naturallyD.sadly32.A.buriedB.shookC.bowedD.nodded33.A.freelyB.hopefullyC.quicklyD.confidently34.A.evenB.everC.stillD.yet35.A.otherwiseB.orC.butD.instead第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词
49、或括号内单词的正确形式。Antarctica, the southernmost part of Earth, is covered with snow and ice all yearround.36it has amazing views, many people are still frightened by this icydesert.But 34-year-old US explorer Colin OBrady is different. Three months ago hebecame the first person37(cross) Antarctica alone. D
50、uring the 932-mile journey,OBrady spent 54 days in extreme conditions. He had to push38(he) to thelimit. He carried everything hed need on a sled. But even with enough food, OBradybegan to become39(thin) and weaker after six weeks. “I40(lose) a tonof weight so far. My legs feel more like the size of
