1、语法精讲Unit 1Unit 1Why does he come so early?DiscoveryHis aim is to take the first bus.不定式充当表语不定式充当表语主动主动将要将要 1 结构结构 am/is/are/was/were + 不定式 The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children. 2 功能功能（1）表示目的 The next step is to understand exactly what conveys in the contemporary pain
2、ting. （2）表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果及预言 You must speak out，if we are to remain friends. We believe man is to live a better life in the future. 不定式作表语不定式作表语（3）用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见What am I to do if I cant gain entry to the final? （4）用于被动语态，相当于should，具有情态意义These books of great value are not to be sold. （5）表示“安排、命令、决定
3、、劝告、意愿、禁止”等I am to set out for China next week. 下周我要动身到中国去。（安排） You are to have a face-to-face talk with them. 你应该和他们当面谈一谈。（劝告） Children are not to smoke. 儿童不准吸烟。（禁止） 【学法点拨】【学法点拨】 动词不定式作表语的两种特殊用法（1）不定式短语to let，to blame，to seek 等常用主动形式表示被动含义The house is to let. Who is to blame for the population decl
4、ine of the tigers in that area? The reason for global warming is not far to seek. 全球变暖的原因不难找到。（ 2）当主语部分含有动词 do 的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可省 略to Anything we can do is guarantee it will be delivered on time. In the evening the only thing he did was read on the blog. Read these sentences and fill in the blanks usi
5、ng the correct words from the text on pages 2 and 3. Discuss with your partner the function of the italicized infinitives.1 Perhaps the best _ to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 2 During the Middle Ages, the _ of Western art was to teach p
6、eople about Christianity.3 In this work, Monets _ was to convey the light and movement in the scene4 _ was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art?”waypurposeaimWhat theyattempted to doMatch the sentence halves and underline the key words of the subject in each sentence
7、. 1. The young singersintention of performing the song was2. The best way to do business is 3. What the survivors attempted to do wasA. to build trust between you and your client.B to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.C. to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.D. to
8、 share his love for rock music with his fans.adj.永久的永久的;长久的长久的adj.纪念纪念的的n.纪念碑纪念碑;纪念品纪念品4 The main purpose of art education in schools is5 The aim of the two leaders at the conference was6 For a humble person, one of the hardest things might be7 When you are faced with a serious decision, my suggesti
9、on is8 The mother believes her duty is9 All he wanted after a tiring day wasB to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.E. to be left alone.F. to criticize other people.G. to inspire students to be creative.H. to listen to your own inner voice.I. to raise her son to become a man with a
10、noble mind and a generous heart.adj.谦逊的谦逊的;虚虚心的心的v.批评批评;评价评价1. 句子主语是不定式时，系动词后可接不定式作句子主语是不定式时，系动词后可接不定式作表语，解释主语描述的行为或说明该行为带来表语，解释主语描述的行为或说明该行为带来的结果。的结果。 eg To go there at this hour was to risk ones life. To ask him such questions is to irritate him.动词不定动词不定式式用作表语用作表语2. 不定式作表语时，能担当句子主语的名词有限，多用于表示不定式作表
11、语时，能担当句子主语的名词有限，多用于表示某种情形或状况：某种情形或状况：advice, aim, custom, business, desire, difficulty, duty, experience, habit, happiness, hope, idea, intention, job, method, plan, principle, problem, purpose, reason, risk, role, task, thing, wish等。等。根根据需要，有时不定据需要，有时不定式前可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，式前可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，what, who, how,
12、when, where等。等。 eg My ambition is to become a scientist. His habit is to get up early. The problem was how to begin.3. 当主语含定语从句且其先行词为代词当主语含定语从句且其先行词为代词all或形容词最或形容词最高级高级the least, the most时：时：+系动词系动词+不定式作句子不定式作句子的表语。的表语。 eg All he wanted was to be left alone. The least I can expect is to have this da
13、y all tomyself.4. 当不定式作表语时，句子主语可以使当不定式作表语时，句子主语可以使what引导的主引导的主语从句。语从句。 eg What I want to do now is (to) have a rest.3. Medical experts say the most effective way to prevent the spreadof disease is for people _(wash) their hands with soap and water.4. The next step is _ sure that you know exactly wha
14、t is required. 5. The purpose of education is _ (develop) a fine personality in children.to wash to make to develop 1. The motto of the little boy who was suffering from a muscle disease was _ (live) one day at a time. 2. It is you, including your cousin, that _ (blame) for the loss of the golden ch
15、ance. to live are to blame Complete the sentences.1. 要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？ _ if they ask me the question?2. 她应该为所发生的事情受到责备。她应该为所发生的事情受到责备。 _ for what has happened.3. 你要做的事情是面对现实。你要做的事情是面对现实。 The thing for you to do _.4. 我筋疲力尽，想能马上就去度假。我筋疲力尽，想能马上就去度假。 I am exhausted and tired out. Wh
16、at I want to do _ _.What am I to sayShe is to blameis face the factsis taking a holiday1. Her work is _( look ) after the children.2. My aim is _( go ) to TsingHuaUniversity. 3. She seemed _( think ) about the problem. 4. They appeared _( agree ) with what we said.to look不定不定式式作作表语练习表语练习1：to goto th
17、inkto agree5. Suppose you are （be） a journalist for China Daily，do you know what kinds of jobs they hav6. You are （reward） if you have made a breakthrough. 7.Through my years of school life，Ive learned that if we are_ （make） a difference in life，its of great importance that we should begin with smal
18、l things. 8.The students trust her very much；as a result， her advice is _（influence） their decisions. to be to be rewarded to make to influence 不定式作表语不定式作表语练习练习2：运用不定式完成句子。运用不定式完成句子。1.The young singers intention of performing the song was _.2.The best way to do business is _.3. What the survivors at
19、tempted to do was _.to share his love for rock music with his fans.和他的歌迷们分享他对摇滚音乐的热爱。to build trust between you and your client. 建立你和客户之间的信任。建造一座纪念碑纪念那些拯救了他们生命的英雄们。to build a memorial to the heroes who save their lives.4.The main purpose of art education in schools is _.5. The aim of the two leaders
20、 at the conference was _.6. For a humble person, one of the hardest things might be _.to inspire students to be creative.启发学生有创造力。to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.在两国之间建议永远的和平。批评其他人。to criticize other people.7. When you are faced with a serious decision, my suggestion is _.8. T
21、he mother believes her duty is _._.9. All he wanted after a tiring day was _.to listen to your own inner voice.聆听你自己内心的声音。抚养儿子成为一个有高尚思维和大方心胸的人。自己一个人呆着。to be left alone.become a man with a noble mind and a generous heart.to raise her son to 不定式作表语不定式作表语练习练习3运用不定式自由造句子。运用不定式自由造句子。1. My biggest ambitio
22、n is _.2. I think all I have to do is _.3. My latest plan is to _.4.I think one of my biggest challenge might be_.5. I guess the best way to learn English is _.to be admitted into the Qinghua University.to memorize all the new words in this unit.finish my homework carefully.(to) study harder.to read moreThank You ！
