1、2022 届广东省四校第一次联考届广东省四校第一次联考英语英语考试时间 120 分钟，总分 120 分注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号等相关信息填写在试卷和答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分第一部分 阅读理解（共两节阅读理解（共两节 满分满分 50 分）分）第一节第一
2、节 （共（共 15 小题小题 每题每题 2.5 分分 满分满分 37.5 分）分）ABrooklyn Childrens MuseumFounded in 1899 as the countrys first museum specifically made for children, today BCM iscomprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments,masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive World Bro
3、oklyn, a small cityscape （城市风光） lined bystores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.Childrens Museum of ManhattanLooking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds? Then head to Inside Art, the currentshow up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around th
4、e exhibits. Itsideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history andscience is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classeslike Gross Biology forkids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mi
5、nd.DiMenna Childrens History MuseumThe hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transportchildren back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYCChildren areencouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids wh
6、o grew upto become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in onsing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.Staten Island Childrens MuseumStaten Island Childrens Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers hands-on exp
7、erienceslike the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Fourand Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighterat Ladder 11, so youll find immersive （沉浸式的） fun around every corner. Dont forget to stop byGreen Li
8、ving Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduceour carbon footprint.1Which museum provides biology classes for kids?ABrooklyn Childrens Museum.BStaten Island Childrens Museum.CChildrens Museum of Manhattan.DDiMenna Childrens History Museum.2What can kids do in DiMe
9、nna Childrens History Museum?APlay interesting games with great firefighters.B Know about famous peoples childhood lives.CRun stores like adults in different small streets.DCook delicious local food with foreignathletes.3Where can kids learn how to protect the environment?AAt Ladder 11.BAt the Block
10、 Harbor.COn a human-sized anthill.DIn Green Living Room.BIn 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta,India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasnt wearingshoes and her
11、 ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After theinterview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor?” Donaldson admittedthat he was young and wasnt focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresasaid, “Everyone can do something.”Those
12、 words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parentswere hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make endsmeet, they went on welfare. Do
13、naldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When youreteased at school for that, you just want to escape.”He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to makingmoney for himself He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, itseasy
14、to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and crossthe street, so I didnt have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead ofhelping those trying to climb with me.”Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to
15、 eight cities inAmerica and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” hesays. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”Inspired by Mother Teresas words and the stories hed heard acrossAmerica. Donaldsonloaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries
16、and handed them out to anyone who neededhelp. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works withcommunities acrossAmerica and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children,womens empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.4What did 23-year-old
17、 Hal Donaldson do in India?AHe interviewed Mother Teresa.BHe fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.CHe attended an interview for a college.DHe did something to help the poor.5What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4?AHe was born with disability.BHe led a hard life as a child.CHe was well t
18、reated at school.DHe survived as a parentless boy.6How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college?ASelf-centered.BSympathetic.CPopular.DCasual.7How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India?AHe preferred traveling to volunteering.BHe suddenly fell in love with journalism.CHe tur
19、ned his focus to living for himself.DHe gradually devoted himself to helpingothers.CIf your fingers get chilly all year roundeven in the peak of summeryoure not alone.Many people get cold hands during all of the seasons, due to a number of causes, from genetic tochronic illnesses.Common reasons incl
20、ude being elderly and thin. If your hands are regularly cold or numb,however, its a good idea to see a doctor to rule out more serious causes. Cold hands are one of thesymptoms of both anemia (贫血症) and hypothyroidism (甲状腺机能减退). Diabetes, whichreduces blood circulation, can also trigger it. And if yo
21、ur heart is weak from heart disease, yourbody may prioritize sending blood to your core over your limbs.For many others, cold hands are a sign they have a largely harmless condition calledRaynauds disease. When any of us goes out in the cold, our bodies activate the muscles in oursmallest blood vess
22、els to make them even smallera survival mechanism to keep blood, and thuswarmer temperatures, in our core. For people with Raynauds, this reaction is too strong, andinstead of just a bit less blood going to their fingers, far too little gets there.Raynauds is more common in women, and it most often
23、develops before the age of 30. Infact, if you develop Raynauds when youre olderusually after 40it can be a sign of anotherunderlying issue. That could be a smaller problema previous incident of frostbite (冻伤) or asign of a more serious autoimmune condition, like lupus (狼疮).For the majority of people
24、 living with Raynauds, medication wont be necessary. However, arare, more severe form of Raynauds affects less than one in 1,000 people. In these cases, bloodcan become completely blocked, causing sores on the hands. If they go untreated, it can lead togangrene (坏疽) and, very rarely, amputation (截肢)
25、.8Whats the purpose of paragraph 1?Aintroduce a topicBpresent an argumentCdescribe the charactersDclarify his writing purpose9According to the text, which of the following is not the cause of cold hands?ADiabetesBHeart diseaseCObesityDAging10What do we know about Raynauds disease?AIt appears when bl
26、ood vessels in your body overreact to high temperatures.BIn some cases, it can be a sign of some health issues.CMales never suffer from it before the age of 30.DFor most people, it is a serious health problem.11What will the author talk about in the following paragraph?AThe reasons why people have c
27、old handsBDisadvantages of cold handsCMedical research on Raynauds DiseaseDWays to treat Raynauds disease and prevent cold handsDSix sacrificial pits (祭祀坑), dating back 3,200 to 4,000 years, were newly discovered inSanxingdui Ruins site in Guanghan, Southwest Chinas Sichuan province. Over 500 artifa
28、cts,including gold masks, bronze wares, ivories, jades, and textiles, were unearthed from the site.Sanxingdui site, first found in 1929, is generally considered as one of the most importantarchaeological sites along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. However, large-scale excavationon the site o
29、nly began in 1986, when two pits widely believed for sacrificial ceremonies were accidentally discovered.Investigation in the area around No 1 and 2 pits was relaunched in October 2019, and No 3pit was found in December 2019, according to Lei Yu, a researcher of Sichuan Provincial CulturalRelics and
30、 Archaeology Research Institute who heads the ongoing excavation. Thirty-fourresearch universities and research institutes have cooperated in this project. He said the newdiscoveries will help to better understand many unexplained findings in 1986.More excavation followed in March 2020, and five mor
31、e pits were found last year.Anddetailed research began in October. Excavation capsules with hi-tech equipment were set up in thepits to better conserve the site.Sanxingdui site covers an area of 12 square kilometers, and its core zone of an ancient citycovers nearly 4 square kilometers. According to
32、 the National Cultural Heritage Administration,studies of Sanxingdui site will become a crucial project in an ongoing programArchaeology China,which tries to explain the origins of Chinese civilization and how diverse cultures communicateand come together.12What does the underlined word “excavation”
33、 in paragraph 2 probably mean?ADiscoveryBDigCExplorationDExpansion13How did archaeologists preserve the Sanxingdui site?ABy dividing the task of excavation into several parts.BBy cooperating with research universities and institutes.CBy using excavation capsule armed with hi-tech equipment.DBy condu
34、cting more investigations around the site.14What can we infer about the pits from the text?AAll sacrificial sites were discovered in the meantime.BThe excavation of Sanxingdui site only began in 1986.CThere were altogether six sacrificial pits discovered in Sanxingdui siteDThe size of the core zone
35、is approximately 1/3 times that of Sanxingdui site.15Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ASacrificial pits were unearthed in Sanxingdui Site.BSanxingdui Site needed to be conserved.CSanxingdui discoveries cast light on ancient China.DHi- tech helped to excavate Sanxingdui Site.
36、第二节第二节 （共（共 5 小题小题 每题每题 2.5 分分 满分满分 12.5 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余。阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余。When germs, such as bacteria or viruses, invade the body, they attack and multiply.16Theimmune system uses several tools to fight infection（感染）. Blood contains red blood cells,
37、forcarrying oxygen to tissues and organs, and white or immune cells, for fighting infection. Thesewhite cells consist primarily of macrophages（巨噬细胞）, B cells and T cells.Macrophages swallow up and digest germs, plus dead and dying cells. They leave behindparts of the invading germs called antigens （
38、抗原） .17B cells are defensive white blood cellswhich produce antibodies. T cells are also defensive white blood cells. They attack cells in thebody that have already been infected.The first time the body comes across a germ, it can take several days to make and use all thegerm fighting tools needed t
39、o get over the infection.After the infection, the immune systemremembers what is learned about how to protect the body against that disease.18They help develop immunity by imitating an infection. This type of infection,however, almost never causes illness, but it does cause the immune system to prod
40、uce T cells andantibodies. Sometimes, after getting a vaccine （疫苗）, the imitation infection can cause minorsymptoms. For instance, a fever.19Once the imitation infection goes away, the body is left with a supply of defensive cells thatwill remember how to find that disease in the future.20Therefore,
41、 it is possible that a personinfected with the disease just before or just after vaccination could develop symptoms and get adisease, because the vaccine has not had enough time to provide protection.AVaccines basically work the same way.BThis invasion, called an infection, is what causes illness.CV
42、accines prevent diseases that can be dangerous, or even deadlyDScientists take many different approaches to developing vaccines.E.The body identifies them as dangers and excites antibodies to attack them.F.Such minor symptoms are normal and should be expected as the body builds immunity.G.However, i
43、t typically takes a few weeks for the body to produce those defensive cells aftervaccination.第二部分第二部分 语言运用（共两节语言运用（共两节 满分满分 30 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题小题 每题每题 1 分分 满分满分 15 分）分）Bingley, a Sayre School student fromAmerica, decided that he would devote himself tostudying the environment to have a broad inf
44、luence on the community.To reduce the carbon footprint, Bingley planned to6enough solar energy to powerthe schools science labs. Now his plan is set to happen. To fix 30 solar panels is7for lateNovember,As he began his research8solar energy, he discovered a useful phone app. Byentering an address, h
45、e could find out how much sunlight the9receives each day. Basedon the data, he found that his school building was the best position.At the suggestion of hisscience teacher, Debbie Wheeler, he first performed an energy10of the science lab to seehow much energy a typical lab uses per day. Then, he sta
46、rted his research,11a localcompany of solar panels to do the job. He lacked money for starting the project, so he12Sayres head to support him after explaining the13of solar power for the school andcommunity.Since Sayre provided the14seed money to provide infrastructure and the purchase ofone panel,
47、the project has15to include a total of 30 panels. They are expected to produceenough energy to16all the science labs on campus.“It feels like a dream to think that an idea I had from my AP Environmental class would havethis kind of17,” said Bingley, expressing gratitude for Wheelers help. Wheeler sa
48、id thesuccess was due to Bingleys efforts and18to follow through on the project from start tofinish. “Ive had other students talk about19initiatives (倡议) on campus, but Bingley hadthe persistence and courage to make it happen, she said.Bingley said that he would20like to study environmental engineer
49、ing at university.21AexploreBinvestCproduceDswitch22AdefinedBidentifiedCoutputDscheduled23AbeyondBonCwithDthrough24AlocationBdestinationCtransmissionDoccasion25AsurplusBallowanceCbudgetDcalculation26AemployingBcontactingCprotectingDurging27AconvincedBdemandedCrefreshedDsubmitted28AcausesBplotsCbenef
50、itsDorigins29AinitialBflexibleCoptionalDsustainable30AaccumulatedBgrownCrewardedDsponsored31AdecorateBfurnishCrunDequip32AinfluenceBcriterionCexperienceDmanagement33AcautionBfraternityCinspirationDwillingness34AculturalBenvironmentalCpracticalDtheoretical35AcasuallyBdeliberatelyCeventuallyDgradually
