1、UNIT 2Healthy Lifestyle 单元练习单元练习第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADecision-making under stressA new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way thebrain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleas
2、ure andignore the possible negative consequences of a decision.The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices inpredictable ways.“Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learnbetter about positive than negative outcomes under stress.”For exampl
3、e, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connectimages(影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of theparticipants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult mathproblems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to k
4、eeptheir hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered therewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately thanthose who hadnt gone through the stress.This phenomenon is probably not surprising to anyone who has tried to resisteating cookies or sm
5、oking a cigarette while under stressat those moments, only thepleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings furthersuggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewardingexperiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled.T
6、he research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differentlyin men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less onconsequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take m
7、ore risks inthe experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations inwhich risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighsmore, however, women will win.This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are riskymight also help e
8、xplain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: theymay more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.1.According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their.A.ways of making choicesB.preference for pleasureC.tolerance of punishmentsD
9、.responses to suggestions2.We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to.A.keep rewards better in their memoryB.recall consequences more effortlesslyC.make risky decisions more frequentlyD.learn a subject more effectively3.The research has proved that in a stressful situation,.A.w
10、omen find it easier to fall into certain habitsB.men have a greater tendency to slow downC.women focus more on outcomesD.men are more likely to take risksBBeing fat is a non-stop fight between not being noticed and attracting muchnotice. Sometimes you want to be accepted; instead, youre singled out
11、and judged. In2015, when I became the first plus-size designer to win Project Runway, I hoped itwould be a moment not only for inclusive fashion, but also for all other fat humanbeings out there. It wasnt just me who had won; wed won. Many women told methey were afraid to wear bright colors or show
12、off their arms until they saw me doingit. But some of the words on the Internet were terrible: “Why did they pick that fatdesigner?” “How can she encourage such an unhealthy lifestyle?” My positivepsychology was affected. I got sad and negative and put on more weight. I reached apoint where I couldn
13、t climb stairs without losing my breath.I finally realized that if I didnt take care of myself, I couldnt keep doing what Iloved, so I went to see a doctor and started doing exercise every day. After that I gotmore judgments, this time from people in the fat group who once supported me. Theyturned t
14、heir backs on me and said, “You cant be body positive and still losing weight.”I thought, “Well, why not? I wasnt trying to be prettier; I wanted to have control ofmy life.”Size should not divide us, whether we are fat, thin, or anywhere in the between.Im designing clothes for plus women, but one da
15、y I might be open to designingstraight(直筒型的) sizes. People judge me for that, too. But I just want to createclothes that make people feel good. I want every woman to love herself and go afterher dreams like I did.4.What was the authors hope after she won Project Runway?A.People would look up to her.
16、B.Other fat people would share her pride.C.The clothes she designed would sell well.D.Fat people would lead the fashion industry.5.What did the author do after she saw the words on the Internet?A.She lost interest in fashion.B.She lost control of her body.C.She stopped wearing bright colors.D.She de
17、cided to have a healthy lifestyle.6.What was fat peoples attitude to the author when she started losing weight?A.Dissatisfied.B.Uninterested.C.They laughed at her.D.They couldnt believe it.7.In which part of a newspaper might this passage appear?A.Environment.B.Medicine.C.Career.D.Entertainment.CA G
18、ood Nights SleepSleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being throughout your life.Whileyoure sleeping, your brain is forming new pathways to help you learn and rememberinformation. Although we all know the importance of getting a good nights sleep, notall of us know the best way of getting
19、 it. A sleep expert, Phil Atherton, gave some toptips for getting the most out of the night, which will leave you ready for action in themorning.According to Phil Atherton, not eating a large meal before bedtime is importantfor getting a good nights sleep. The interval between eating and sleeping sh
20、ould be atleast three hours. So youd better avoid eating any food three hours before bed, as itwill lower your blood sugar during sleep and help minimize the damage from toomuch sugar floating around.Its also important to find ways to prepare your body for sleep. You can follow aroutine like trying
21、not to expose yourself to too much artificial light within one hourbefore bed, as your brain uses light to help set the internal “body clock”. Although itmight seem unnatural to schedule your sleep, the purpose is to send a signal to yourbody and mind that its time to sleep.Another way to prepare yo
22、ur body for sleep is to get into a relaxed state bytaking a bath or listening to soft music. Both of them will help to take the mind off thedaytime pressure.Having a suitable bed, especially a suitable mattress (床垫), is necessary for agood nights sleep. Sleep is a personalized activity, and we all a
23、dopt different sleepingpositions. Finding the mattress that suits you will reduce back pains that can resultfrom a poor sleeping position. The bed should be four to six inches longer than itstallest user, allowing for space to move around.The recent research is pretty clear that a good nights sleep
24、is a major componentof good health. Since the start of the 21st century, studies have linked a lack of sleepto many diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Taking action now will lead tolong-term benefits for you and those around you.8.What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?A.When to
25、start a sound sleep.B.How to get a good nights sleep.C.What to do with sleep problems.D.Why form a good habit of sleeping.9.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Not eating food.B.Having a meal.C.Not sleeping well.D.Having a good sleep.10.According to the author, before going
26、to sleep, youd better.A.free yourself from tensionB.check your blood sugarC.relieve your pain in the backD.record your biological clock11.Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?CP: Central PointP: PointSp: Sub-point (次要点)C: ConclusionA.B.C.D.DOne of the greatest sources of unha
27、ppiness, in my experience, is the difficulty wehave in accepting things as they are.When we see something we dont like, we wish it could be different. We cry outfor something better. That may be human nature, or perhaps its somethingingrained(根深蒂固的) in our culture. The root of unhappiness isnt neces
28、sarily thatwe want things to be different. However, its that we decided we didnt like it in thefirst place. Weve judged it as bad, rather than saying, “Its not bad or good, and it justis it.”In one of my books, I said, “You should expect people to mess up and expectthings to go differently than you
29、planned.” Some readers said its too sorrowful toexpect things to go wrong. However, its only negative if you see it as negative andjudge it as bad. Instead, you could accept it as the way the world works and try tounderstand why that is.This can be applied to whatever you do: how other people act at
30、 work, howpolitics works and how depressing the news media can be. Accept these things as theyare, and try to understand why theyre that way. It will save you a lot of sadness,because youll no longer say, “Oh, I wish bad things didnt happen!”Does it mean you can never change things? Not at all. Chan
31、ge things not becauseyou cant accept things as they are, but because you enjoy the process of changing,learning and growing.Can we make this world a better place? You can say that youll continue to try todo things to help others, to grow as a person, to make a difference in this world. Thatsthe corr
32、ect path you choose to take, because you enjoy that path. Therefore, when youfind yourself judging and wishing for difference, try a different approach: accept, andunderstand. It might lead to some interesting results.12.The author believes that we feel unhappy maybe because.A.it is our natural emot
33、ion in lifeB.culture asks us to be different from othersC.everyone has their own opinions on thingsD.we dislike something in the beginning13.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A.Acting well at work and in politics.B.Feeling depressed for the news media.C.Accepting and underst
34、anding what has happened.D.Saying something negative when bad things come.14.What advice does the author give according to the last paragraph?A.Help others and make a difference.B.Enjoy what you have to do in the work.C.Judge yourself and make a wish for yourself.D.Try a new way when making the worl
35、d better.15.What is the main theme of the passage?A.Accepting can make our life happier and better.B.Expecting things to be different gives us hope.C.Traditional culture becomes the root of unhappiness.D.Judging good or bad is important for our world.第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可
36、以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are you sometimes stressed out? Singing is a simple and effective way to reducestress. It is beneficial mainly in the following three aspects.Physical Benefits16This is especially recommended to the elders and those who have someforms of disability in their voice. However, it
37、 is important to find a capable instructorto employ good singing techniques so as not to further damage vocal cords (声带) orlungs.Singing also helps to improve your posture. Most people think that singingbegins and ends with their mouths.17Singing practice will get you used to theproper body position
38、 of standing and help you form the good habit of standingstraight.Emotional BenefitsSinging helps in reducing your depression in psychology and lowering yourstress level. When you sing, your body releases chemicals that make you feel happy,easing the tension and helping you to relax.18Social Benefit
39、sThe social benefits of singing are huge.19So people who suffer from stagefright are advised to sing in front of family and friends before a live performance.Singing is also very good for improving your communication skills. It is said thatsinging to babies helps to prepare their brains for a langua
40、ge and may lessen the riskof language problems later in life.20The time spent in group singing, whetherin a choir or at karaoke, creates a deep and lasting bond of friendship.A.Try to regain your memory by singing.B.Usually, it can help build up your confidence greatly.C.When you sing, you can give
41、your lungs a workout.D.Singing helps you to strengthen your immune system.E.For adults, singing also enlarges your circle of friends.F.In fact, the position of each body part affects your voice.G.So, start to sing your favorite song next time you are feeling upset.16.17.18.19.20.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分
42、)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A parents hopes for 2030When 2010 arrived, my son was only a year oldtiny and21, the masterof a few basic words, but still mostly the baby wed welcomed into the world.Now my baby has grown into an22tall, strong, and smart, a love
43、r of AkiraKurosawas samurai movies.A23from now, in 2030, he will be an adult. I expect the next 10 years tofly by, and be filled with24. As 2020 begins, I am thinking about the kind ofworld my son will face and experience. I25about him, and about all the youngpeople of his age. So I have several hop
44、es for the world my son and his generationwill live in.I hope we finally get26about climate change. Polar ice is melting. Theoceans are rising. The question is27whether we can stop climate change, butwhether were willing and able to do anything to28it.Im not sure what a warming planet will29to my so
45、ns life. I suspect itmeans he will live in a world where nations and groups30limited resourceslike clean water and food, which means that the danger of climate change wont comejust from rising oceans, but from humans competing for control over whats31.The world is always going to be full of32about h
46、ow to solve the challengeswe face. I hope, too, that my sons generation learns to33justicebut to do sowith a big heart and humility, recognizing our common humanity (人性)even withpeople who34us.The world of 2030 wont35itself. We are creating it now, so my final wishis that we build the kind of world
47、we actually want our children to live in.21.A.specialB.generousC.intelligentD.dependent22.A.athleteB.adolescentC.artistD.engineer23.A.monthB.centuryC.yearD.decade24.A.questionsB.experienceC.dangerD.change25.A.worryB.sacrificeC.oweD.arrange26.A.particularB.seriousC.optimisticD.enthusiastic27.A.for su
48、reB.as usualC.no longerD.till now28.A.slowB.recordC.completeD.multiply29.A.meanB.obtainC.shareD.seek30.A.pick upB.fight forC.turn downD.take part in31.A.finishedB.continuedC.startedD.left32.A.aimsB.examplesC.disagreementsD.results33.A.escapeB.expressC.seekD.affect34.A.differ fromB.agree withC.refer
49、toD.call for35.A.explodeB.admireC.proveD.build第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese(肥胖的), according to research. A mother,36has a healthy weight, exercisesregularly, eats a healthy diet, doesnt smoke
50、 cigarettes and37(drink) wine inmoderation, is significantly less likely38(have) a fat child.And research suggests it could have more to do with nurture(养育)39nature, as a mothers lifestyle appears40(direct) linked to the health of her child.When both a mother and her child follow a healthy lifestyle
