1、Unit1 science and scientistsnBy the end of this period, you will be able to1. Find out the stages of scientific research in this passage.2. Learn about John Snows research process and analyze John Snows characters； 3. Express your idea on the given topic through creative thinking;课前预习：.Phrases 1.use
2、d to be 过去常常做某事 2.die from/of 因.而死去 3.in time 后来，迟早 4.attend to sb 照顾，护理某人 5.once and for all 最终地，彻底地 6.in general 总体来说 7.subscribe to 赞同 8.be determined to do 下定决心做某事 9.mark sth on a map 在地图上标出 10.be to blame 应收责备 11.have the water delivered 让人送水 12.as a result of 由于，因为 13.have the handle of the pu
3、mp removed 让人把门把手移除 14.a link between A and B A和B 之间的联系 15.raw waste 未经处理的垃圾 16.tireless efforts 孜孜不倦的努力 17.substantial decrease 大量减少 18.thanks to 多亏了 19.consider sb as /to be认为某人是.Translation 1.In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. 后来，
4、他成了名医，甚至在维多利亚女王分娩的时候还照料她。 2.The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. 喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或白开水的人更易得霍乱。 3.Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began tosell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial
5、decrease. 通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售清洁引用水，世界各地的霍乱威胁也大量减少。The scientists in fighting against COVID-19 John Snowa famous doctor and even attend to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.John Snow defeats “King cholera”It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment. The vi
6、ctims(患者患者) died very quickly from a loss of liquid (缺水缺水)after severe vomiting(呕吐呕吐) and diarrhea(腹泻腹泻).Cholerascientific researchFind supporting evidence发现问题发现问题提出假设提出假设思考方法思考方法收集资料收集资料分析结果分析结果寻找证据寻找证据得出结论得出结论Can you put the correct stages into the reading?Structure of the passageseven stages in s
7、cientific researchPara1Para2Para3Para4Para5Phenomenon para1 two theoriesmake an investigationhow? find? other casesJOHN SNOW DEFEATS“KING CHOLERA” Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes
8、severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor,
9、and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.Para.11.Whats the effect of Cholera?2.Whats Johns decision?Para1 Find a problem Cholera causes_diarrhoea,dehydration, and even death.In the eary19th century,when an _of chol
10、era_Europe, millions of people died_the diease. John never lost his _ to _ cholera once and for all.severehitfromoutbreakdestroydesireWhats the effect of Cholera?Whats Johns decision? In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that
11、bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in
12、 two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.Para.21.What are the two theories? Which theory did John Snow think was reasonable? 2.What did John Snow ready to do when another outbreak hit London in 1854? What
13、 are the two theories? The first suggested that.The second suggested that.Para2 make a question Which theory did John Snow think was reasonable?John _the second theory.subscribed to Para2 Think of a methodWhat did John Snow ready to do when another outbreak hit London in 1854?Snow began to investiga
14、te.(调查法) He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump i
15、n Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge8 Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump.
16、 Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of
17、 this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.Para.31)How did John get a valuable clue about the cause of the
18、disease?2) What did he find on the map? What did he do to deal with it?A map of Broad StreetWhat method did he use?Broad StreetMany deaths happened here.No death happened here.Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.Pub The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infecte
19、d by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who dra
20、nk pure or boiled water.Para.41.How did John Snow further confirm that cholera was spread by germs?2. Whats the conclusion of Johns research?1. How did John Snow further confirm that cholera was spread by germs?2. Whats the conclusion of Johns research?Para5 Find supporting evidence&Draw a conclusio
21、nMoreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. Through Snows
22、tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, t
23、hanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.Para.51.Whats the solution of the problem?2.What is the significance of Snows tireless effort?3. What
24、 qualities do you think John Snow has?warm-hearted; courageous;determined (strong -willed);talented; intelligent; patient; careful (having good observation)hard-working;Problemsolution patternDiscourse Analysis In our daily life, in order not to get infected with the infectious disease, such as chol
25、era, AIDS, SARS,COVID-19 ,what should we do？ Heal the food left overnightCook raw food thoroughlyWash hands oftenKeep away from flieschoose fresh sea foodKeep the kitchen cleandeal with rubbish properly.Drink boiled waterCritical ThinkingDont forget to wear a mask when you go out.Language Points1.1)
26、He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.that引导_,so.that.引导_2)It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.so.that.引导结果状语从句，“have +宾语+宾补”结构3)Accordingl
27、y, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.so.that.引导目的状语从句，“have +宾语+宾补”结构考点提炼“have +宾语+宾补”结构通常有以下几种形式：have sth done 使某事被做；遭遇不幸的事have sb do sth 让某人做某事have sb/sth doing sth 让某人/某物一直做某事e.g.1)Be careful ,or you will have your hands _(hurt).小心，否则你会伤了你的手。2）They seem glad to ha
28、ve people_ (visit) these small annimals.让人们来看这些小动物，他们似乎很开心。3)They had his audience_( listen) attentively.他抓住了听众的注意力。宾语从句hurtvisitlistening结果状语从句2.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.The truth was that the wate
29、r from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.以上两句都为that引导的表语从句。1）定义：在一个复合句中，一个句子充当主句表语。2）系动词后面的从句是表语从句。常见系动词：be 动词表感官的系动词：look，smell,taste,feel,sound表变化的系动词：become,get,turn,grow,fall,go, come, prove, turn out,remain4)表语从句引导词：thatwhether/if 是否what/whatever,who/whoever,which/whichever,whose
30、/whosever,whom/whomeverwhen/whenever,where/wherever,how/however,whye.g.1.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer _it used to be.2.That is _Lu Xin once lived.3.The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.whatwherewhetherConsolidation: In the early 19th century，an outbreak
31、 of cholera hit Europe, 1 (cause) millions of deaths. Seeing this, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. At that time, doctors 2 (have) two theories to explain how cholera spread. One was that bad air caused the disease and another was that cholera was caus
32、ed by an infection from germs in food or water. John Snow discovered that in two particular streets 3 cholera outbreak was so severe that over 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. Through 4 (he) serious investigation, he found it was the pump water in Broad Street containi
33、ng germs 5 resulted in the outbreak of cholera. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump 6 (remove) so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks. It turned out that the water from the Broad Street pump 7 (infect)by waste. Moreover, Snow was later abl
34、e to show a link 8 other cases of cholera and the different water 9 (company) in London. Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 10(fortunate), we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.1.causing 2.had 3.the 4. his 5. that 6.removed 7.had been infected 8.between panies 10.Fortunately homework1.Hand in this short passage2.Finish the form in Page1 in our textbook. And think about what qualities a great scientist should have.
