1、 2019 人教版高一英语新教材必修一词汇表 （含教材例句及词汇用法讲解） 本词汇表主要特色： 1.呈现教材原文例句，重视词汇在语境中的运用。 2.词汇用法讲解紧扣新课标和新考纲，深度和广度适中，条理清晰，系统完整。 3.精选高考真题例句、词典例句和时文例句，例句具有典型性和示范性。 4.展示高考真题，揭示高考命题角度和思路。 5.适合高一学生同步使用以及高三学生总复习使用。 Book 1 Unit 3 1. fitness /ftns/ n. 健康; 健壮；适合 Sports and Fitness 运动与健康 （P35） health and fitness 卫生与健康 a fitness
2、 center 健身中心 Theyre doing exercises to improve their fitness. 他们为增强体质而做体操. No one doubts his fitness for the job. 谁也不怀疑他胜任这份工作。 2. soccer / sk(r)/ n. 足球 Would you like to go to the soccer game? 你想去看足球赛吗？（P36） a soccer game/match /team 足球比赛/队 I like watching soccer games. 我喜欢看足球赛。 I play soccer in my
3、 free time. 我空闲时会踢足球. soccer players 足球运动员 3. stadium / stedim/ n. （pl. stadiums or stadia）体育场; 运动场 Wuhan Stadium 武汉球场（P36） Wembley Stadium. 温布利球场 a football/sports stadium 足球 / 运动场 To hold the Olympic Games, several stadiums have been built for competitions. 为了举办奥运会，好几个供比赛用的体育场被建成。 4. boxing / bks
4、/ n. 拳击（运动） a boxing match 拳击比赛 Do you want to watch the boxing match? 你想看拳击比赛吗？（P36） Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. 两百年前拳击比赛在英国就很盛行。 heavyweight boxing 重量级拳击 5. badminton / bdmntn/ n. 羽毛球运动 How about watching badminton this afternoon? 今天下午去看羽毛球比赛怎么样？（P36） Lets go
5、 to the badminton match. 咱们去看羽毛球比赛吧。 He can play badminton quite well now. 他羽毛球打得很好. 6. marathon / mrn/ n. 马拉松赛跑 Beijing International Marathon Day 北京国际马拉松日（P36） Full Marathon and Half Marathon 全程和半程马拉松赛（P36） Why not run an exciting marathon? 为什么不参加刺激的马拉松赛跑？（P36） He set up a new national record in t
6、he marathon race. 他创造了马拉松赛跑的全国新记录。 7. event / vent/ n. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动 an e-sports event 电子竞技项目（P36） Badminton is traditional advantage event in China. 我国羽毛球是传统优势运动项目。 The 800 metres is the fourth event of the afternoon. 800 米赛是下午的第四项比赛。 Holding the Olympic Games is a big event for China. 举办奥运会对中国是一件大事
7、。 The discovery of X-rays was a big event in the history of physics. X 射线的发现是物理学史上的重大事件。 Greenpeace arranged a special social event. 绿色和平组织举办了一次专门的社交活动。 8. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 Would you like to come along? 你一起来吗？（P36） Theres a big party tonight .Would you like to come along? 今晚有一个大型的聚会，你一起来吗？ Com
8、e along with me, boys, dont keeping everybody waiting. 孩子们跟我来, 大家都在等你俩呢。 When the right opportunity comes along, you must take it. 适当的机会来临时，你要抓住它。 Your English has come along a lot recently. 你的英语最近进步很大。 Come along or well miss the train. 快点,不然就会赶不上火车。 9. ski / ski:/ adj. 滑雪的 ski race 滑雪比赛（P37） ski b
9、oots 滑雪靴 He went on a ski trip with some friends. 他和一些朋友滑雪去了。 v. 滑雪 I like to ski on the snow. 我喜欢在雪上滑雪。 He skied down the mountains. 他从山坡上滑了下来。 go skiing 去滑雪 They go skiing in Switzerland every winter. 他们每年冬天去瑞士滑雪。 The students often go skiing during winter vacation. 学生们在寒假期间经常去滑雪。 10. host /hst/ v
10、t. 主办；主持 Zhangjiakou will host the Youth Ski Race in December. 十二月份张家口要举办青年滑雪比赛。 （P37） Does anyone want to host the Olympic Games? 会有人想承办奥运会吗？ He has dreamed of hosting a pop music programmer. 他梦想着主持一个流行音乐节目。 n 主人；东道主；节目主持人 Our host introduced us to the other guests. 主人把我们介绍给了其他客人。 I am the host of
11、a live radio programme. 我是一个电台直播节目的主持人。 Most people think being a television host is exciting. 很多人认为当电视节目主持人是一件刺激的事情。 host family 寄宿家庭（人们出国时所借宿的人家） Do you want to learn to speak English well? Why not go to England and stay with a host family?你想学说一口好的英语吗？为什么不去英国与房东一家人住在一起呢？ 【拓展】 hostess /hsts/ n. 女主人
12、; 女主持人 Mary was always the perfect hostess. 玛丽总是最殷勤的女主人。 11. track /tr k/ n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 track and field 田径 track - and - field lover 田径爱好者（P37） What are the most important competitions in track and field? 最重要的田径比赛有哪些? Are you also taking part in the track - and - field events today? 你今天也要去参加田径比赛吗 ?
13、Suddenly an athlete fell on to the running track. 突然一名运动员摔倒在赛跑跑道上。 We followed the bears tracks in the snow. 我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。 After the earthquake, the railway tracks were useless pieces of steel. 地震之后，铁轨成了一条条废钢。 Neither a wise man nor a brave man lies down on the tracks of history to wait for the t
14、rain of the future to run over them. 智者和勇者都不会躺在历史的轨道上等待未来列车碾压他们。 vt. 追踪 The hunter tracked this wolf and killed it. 猎人跟踪这只狼，并杀死了它。 Our radar began tracking the planes . 我们的雷达开始追踪飞机的动向。 【拓展】 tracker /tr k(r)/ n.C 追踪者；跟踪者 Web Tracker 网路搜寻家 Sun Tracker 太阳跟踪器 tracker dogs 警犬 12. gym / dm / n. 健身房; 体育馆 C
15、ome and work out at a gym! 来健身房锻炼吧！（P37） I usually go to the gym during my lunch hour. 我通常在午休时间去健身房。 Our school has recently built a new gym. 我们学校最近新建了一个体育馆。 We played basketball in the gym because of rain. 由于天气下雨, 我们在体育馆打篮球。 13. gymnastics / dmnstks / n. 体操（训练） Gymnastics is his favourite sport. 体操
16、是他最喜爱的运动。 I love gymnastics. I think its more exciting than badminton. 我更喜欢体操, 我认为体操比羽毛球更让人激动。 She does gymnastics at school every day. 她在学校每天做体操训练。 14. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决 Come and work out at a gym! 来健身房锻炼吧！（P37） I work out at a gym twice a week. 我一周去健身房锻炼两次。 You are fat, so you must work out regul
17、arly. 你太胖了，应该定期锻炼。 Work out how much all these things will cost. 算 算 买 这 么 多 东 西 要 多 少 钱 。 She find it difficult to work out the problem. 她发现解决这问题有困难。 I cant work out how to do it. 我无法解答怎么做它。 15. sweat / swet / vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿 Sweat your way to good health. 用汗水保持身体健康。（P37） vi. 出汗；流汗 The long hot climb
18、made him sweat. 长距离的激烈攀登使他出汗了。 The weather in summer is very hot, so I always sweat. 夏天的天气那么热，所以我总是在流汗。 n. 汗水; 出汗 The Great Wall was built with the blood and sweat of the labouring people. 长城是用劳动人民的血汗建成的。 16. make it 获得成功；准时到达 You can make it! 你会成功的！ （P37） Work hard and you can make it. 努力学习，你会成功的。
19、I believe anyone can make it if he tries hard. 我相信只要努力任何人都能成功的。 I dont know whether I can make it in science. 我不知道我能否在科学上获得成功。 The flight leaves in twenty minuteswell make it. 再过二十分钟飞机就起飞了，我们会准时到达的。 I think well just make it if we hurry up! 如果抓点紧，我想我们能及时到达。 17. legend / lednd / n. 传奇故事（或人物） ；传说 livi
20、ng legends of sports 当今体育传奇人物（P38） Yao Ming is a basketball legend. 姚明是一个篮球传奇人物。 He enjoys reading ancient Greek legends. 他喜欢读古代希腊传说。 18. athlete / li:t/ n. 运动员；运动健儿 Long Ping is not only a great athlete but also an outstanding coach. 郎平不但是一位伟大的运动员而且是杰出的教练。 She is a natural athlete. 她是个天生的运动健儿。 19.
21、master / m:st(r)/ n. 高手; 主人 Deng Yaping is a master of pingpang. 邓亚萍是一个乒乓球高手。 He was named a “great master of language“. 他被誉为“语言大师”。 The dog was running behind its master. 狗跟在它主人后面跑着。 She should be the master of her own future. 她应该把握自己的未来。 vt. 精通；掌握 To the basketballers, the most important things is
22、 to master the skills of basketball. 对篮球队员来说，最重要的事是精通篮球技术。 Students are expected to master a second language. 学生应该掌握一门第二语言。 I want to travel all over the world, so I need to master English first. 我想周游世界，因此，首先我得精通英语才行。 20. set an example 树立榜样 They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and
23、also set good examples for others. 他 们一定是一些远动员，是他们领域的高手，并且给别人树立好榜样。 （P38） She arrived at the office early to set an example for the others. 她很早就来到办公室,作为他人的表率。 Famous people should set a good example for others. 名人应该为别人树立好榜样。 Parents should set a good example for their children. 父母亲应该为孩子树立好榜样. 21. ho
24、nour / n(r)/ n. 荣誉；尊重；荣幸 We won the game and brought honour to our school. 我们赢得了比赛，为学校赢得了荣誉。 We compete against each other just for the honour of winning. 我们为了赢得荣誉而彼此竞争。 It was a great honour to be invited here today. 今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸。 the guest of honour 贵宾 in honour of 为纪念，为表示敬意 The Duanwu Festival i
25、s held in honour of the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan . 端午节是纪念古代著名的诗人屈原。 We celebrate Mothers Day in honour of our mothers. 我们庆祝母亲节是对母亲表示敬意。 They held a party in honour of the foreign visitors. 他们为国外来访者举办了晚会。 22. glory / gl:ri / n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美 As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her count
26、ry. 作为一个运动员，郎平为国家带来了无限荣光。 （P38） She won the game and was enjoying her moment of glory. 她赢得了比赛，享受自己的光荣时刻。 Glory belongs to the great motherland. 光荣归于伟大的祖国。 23. medal / medl/ n. 奖章; 勋章 She won a gold medal in the Olympics. 她在奥林匹克运动会上赢得一枚金牌。 She is an Olympic gold medal winner. 她是奥运会金牌得主。 The young man
27、 was awarded a medal for bravery. 这个年轻人被授予一枚英勇勋章。 24. championship /t mpinp / n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛；冠军称号 As a coach, she led the China womens volleyball team to medal at world championships and the Olympics. 作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥林匹克运动会上赢得奖牌。 （P38） This years national college football championship was won by
28、Princeton. 今年全国高校足球锦标赛普林斯顿队获胜。 Theyve held the championship for the past two years. 他们在过去的两年里一直保持着冠军地位。 25. champion / t mpin/ n. 冠军; 优胜者 Two weeks later they were world champions! 两周后她们成了世界冠军。 （P38） At the age of eighteen, Ali was the world champion in boxing. 18 岁时，阿里已经是世界拳击冠军。 26. determination /
29、dt:mnen/ n. 决心；决定 When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. 当中国队正在备战 2015 年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。 （P38） He fought the illness with courage and determination. 他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。 【拓展】 （1）determine /dt:mn/ vt. 决定；下定决心；确定 They determined to start early. 他们决定早点出发。 A da
30、te for the meeting has not been determined. 会议日期尚待确定。 Shall we determine what we are going to do next? 我们来确定一下下一步该做什么吧? （2）determined /dt:mnd/ adj. 坚决的；有决心的 A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. 无论工作有多困难，一个有决心的人总是会设法完成它。 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事 She was
31、determined to become a doctor and her hard work paid off. 她决心成为医生，她的努力取得了成功。 27.apart / p:t / adv.分离；分开；成碎片 Were living apart now. 我们现在不住在一起。 I cant tell the twins apart . 我分不出这一对双胞胎中谁是谁。 I needed to take apart my computer. 我得把我的电脑拆开。 fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 The team that Lang Ping had built was falling
32、 apart. 郎平组建的队伍正在分崩离析。 （P38） The house is so old and its falling apart. 那座房子太破旧，都开始坍塌了。 28. injure / nd(r)/ vt. 使受伤；损害 He injured his left foot playing football. 他踢足球时左脚受伤。 Three people were killed and five were injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人死亡， 五人受伤。 29.injured / ndd / adj. 受伤的；有伤的 One of the best
33、players had been injure. 最好的球员之一受伤了。 （P38） Luckily, she isnt injured. 幸运的是，她没受伤。 Many of them died because they were so badly injured. 他们中很多人因伤势过重而死亡。 an injured leg 受伤的腿 30. injury / ndri / n. 伤害；损伤 serious injury/injuries 重伤 Two players are out of the team because of injury . 两名队员因伤退出了比赛。 A racing
34、 injury made him in hospital for two weeks. 一次比赛中的受伤使他住院两周。 31.captain / kptn / n. (运动队）队长；船长；机长 One of the best players had been injure, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problem. 最好的球员之一受伤了，并且队长因心脏问题不得不离开。 （P38） She was captain of the football team at school. 她过去是学校足球队的队长。 The cap
35、tain ordered all the passengers into lifeboats. 船长命令所有乘客进入救生艇。 32. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose hear. 失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平没有灰心。 （P38） The scientist never lost heart when he was in trouble. 那位科学家遇到困难时从不灰心。 We shouldnt lose heart. We m
36、ay have another try. 我们不应该灰心,我们可以再试一次. Although he failed in this entrance examination, he didnt lose heart. 这次入学考试他虽名落孙山, 但他并不气馁. 【拓展】 lose ones heart to 爱上 When he was a child, he lost his heart to poems. 他是个孩子时就喜欢上诗歌。 The first time he saw the girl he lost his heart to her. 他第一次看到这个女孩就爱上了她。 33. g
37、raceful /gresfl / adj. 优美的；优雅的 The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jump. 这个被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员以他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。 （P38） The ballet dancers were all tall and graceful. 这些芭蕾舞演员都个子高高的，动作十分优雅。 His handwriting is flowing and graceful. 他的字写得流畅优美。 34. strength /
38、 stre/ n.力量；体力 Jordans skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. 乔丹 的技能令人印象深刻，但他表现出来的精神力量使他与众不同（P38） 。 In general, you have to do strength training two or three days a week. 一般来说，你每周要做二至三天的力量训练。 It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again. 可能
39、需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。 She didnt have the strength to walk any further. 她再也走不动了。 【拓展】 （1）strengthen /stren/ vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强 The exercises are designed to strengthen your stomach muscles. 这些活动目的在于增强你的腹部肌肉。 Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. 参加锻炼可以增强我们的体质。 Repairs are necessary to strengthen the br
40、idge. 这座桥需要加固。 vi. 变强 The wind strengthened overnight. 夜里，风更大了。 【高考链接】 To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to_68_(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉).（2018 全国卷 I） 答案：strengthen 考查词性转换。句意：为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的表面跑步， 做运动来增强腿部肌肉，避开山丘，穿好的跑鞋。to strengthen your leg muscles(肌肉)是目 的状语，故需要用 st
41、rength 的动词形式 strengthen。 （2）strong /str/ adj. 强壮的; 坚强的 Hes strong enough to lift a car! 他力气大得能抬起一辆汽车！ We should be strong enough to deal with any difficulty. 我们应该足够坚强，能够处理任何困难。 35. failure / felj(r) / n. 失败；失败的人（或事物） Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. 乔丹说他成功的秘诀
42、是从 失败中吸取教训。 （P38） He was a failure as a teacher. 他当教师并不成功。 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 The success or failure of the plan depends on you. 这项计划的成败取决于你。 All my efforts ended in failure . 我的一切努力最后都无济于事。 【拓展】 fail / fel/ vi. everyone fails at something. 我可以接受失败；每个人都会在某件事上失 败。 （P38） What w
43、ill you do if you fail? 如果你失败了打算干什么？ She failed to get into art college. 她未能进入艺术学院。 He failed（in）his driving test. 他驾驶执照考试不及格。 36. give up 放弃；投降 Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. 输掉比赛教会了他更努力训练，永不放弃。 （P38） She doesnt give up easily. 她决不轻易认输。 I give up-tell me the answer. 我
44、放弃了，把答案告诉我吧。 37. compete / kmpi:t / vi. 竞争；对抗 An athlete should think about honour and his/her fan if he / she is competing for his/her country. 如果为国家参赛，运动员应该考虑荣誉和他的球迷。 （P41） compete in sth. 参加比赛（竞争） How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games? 有多少个国家参加古代奥林匹克运动会？ Hes hoping to compete i
45、n the London marathon. 他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松比赛。 compete with/against sb. 同某人比赛（竞争） compete for sth. 为比赛（竞争） Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winning. 我们希腊各 个城市之间曾经为了赢得荣誉而彼此竞争。 They competed with each other to attract more customers. 他们互相竞争以吸引更多的顾客。 【拓展】 （1）competition
46、 /kmptn/ n. 比赛；竞赛 Instead there are competitions like skiing and ice skating which need snow and ice. 但是却有像滑冰和滑雪这类需要冰雪的比赛项目。 in competition with 与竞争 We are in competition with four other companies for the contract. 我们在与其他四家公司竞争这项合同。 【高考链接】 When they were free from work，they invited us to local event
47、s and let us know of an interesting 66 （compete）to watch，together with the story behind it.（2019 全国卷 III） 答案及解析：competition 考查词性转换。an interesting competition to watch 一场有趣的比 赛。 （2）competitor / kmpett(r) / n. 竞争者 More than 10,000 competitors from different countries came to Beijing to compete with ea
48、ch other in the Olympic Games for medals. 来自不同国家的一万多名参赛选手来到北京参加奥 运动会为了奖牌而相互竞争。 （3）competitive /kmpettv/ adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的 We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies. 我们必须更加努力工作以保持对其他公司具有竞争力。 38. make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 That doesnt make any sense! 这个行不通/没有意义。 （P41） This sentence
49、doesnt make sense. 这句话没意义。 It doesnt make sense to argue with him. 和他争论没有任何意义。 Her advice doesnt make sense to me. 她的建议对我来说没有意义。 John wasnt making much sense on the phone. 约翰在电话上说得不大清楚。 make sense of 懂得； 了解 . 的意义 Can you make sense of what I say?你能领会我说的意思吗？ I cant make sense of this poem. 我弄不懂这首诗的意义。 39. pretend /prtend/ vi. in fact I did rather well! 我没有考不及格，事实上，我考得不错！
