1、Lesson 2 Income level and the World Marketwarm-up questions1. If you are a seller of Benz, are you willing to sell your products to beggars? How about sell them to graduates of MBA?2. Can you explain your answer?Income level purchasing powerNational incomeIncome generated from the productsNational p
2、roductValue of the products themselvespotential: the inherent ability or capacity for growth, development, or coming into being. 潜力，潜能成长、发展或形成的内在能力或才能潜力，潜能成长、发展或形成的内在能力或才能clue: something that serves to guide or direct in the solution of a problem or mystery. 线索助于引导或指示解决问题或迷惑的某物线索助于引导或指示解决问题或迷惑的某物sum
3、 total: 总数总数, 总计总计turn out: to produce, as by a manufacturing process; make:生产生产,产出产出 assess: to determine the value, significance, or extent of; appraise.评价评价,评估评估dividend：a share of a surplus; a bonus.红利；红利； 盈盈余余distort: to give a false or misleading account of; misrepresent.曲解，歪曲，误传给出假象或使人迷惑曲解，歪曲
4、，误传给出假象或使人迷惑的原因；误传的原因；误传comprise VS composeThe traditional rule states that the whole comprises the parts; the parts compose the whole.EgEg: : 联邦包括联邦包括5050个州。个州。The Union comprises (consist of) 50 states.Fifty states compose (or constitute or make up) the Union. staple: adj. 1) principal; main:主要的基本
5、的；主要的基本的；主要的：主要的：EgEg: : 谈论的主要话题谈论的主要话题a staple topic of conversation.2) roduced or stocked in large quantities to meet steady demand:经常需要的大量生产或经常需要的大量生产或贮存以满足稳定的需求的：贮存以满足稳定的需求的：EgEg: :小麦是大量生产的粮食作物小麦是大量生产的粮食作物Wheat is a staple crop.bear sth. in mind : 将将记在心中，关注，挂念记在心中，关注，挂念spur： v. tr. to incite or
6、stimulate:刺激，鞭策：刺激，鞭策：trade surplus：贸易顺差贸易顺差, , 贸易盈余贸易盈余, , 出超出超complementary: supplying mutual needs or offsetting mutual lacks. 互补的互相满足对方需求或补足缺陷互补的互相满足对方需求或补足缺陷suffice v. 1) intr. to meet present needs or requirements; be sufficient: 满足满足目前的需满足满足目前的需要或需求；充足：要或需求；充足： 2)To be equal to a specified ta
7、sk; be capable:有能力胜任满足某项特定任务所需的条件；有有能力胜任满足某项特定任务所需的条件；有能力：能力：EgEg: :没有言语能够表达我的悲伤没有言语能够表达我的悲伤No words will suffice to convey my grief.proximity: n. the state, quality, sense, or fact of being near or next; closeness:接近，邻近临近或接近，邻近临近或相临的状态、性质、感觉或事实；接近：相临的状态、性质、感觉或事实；接近：Indicators of national incomeGNP:
8、 market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economyGDP: market value of goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economyDifferenceNational who Domestic whereGNP GDP: export of investment is largerGDP GNP: import of investmen
9、t is largertotal GDP vs per capita GDP total GDP1. indicates：overall size of an economy2. importance: market assessment for durable equipment or bulk goodsper capita GDP1.reveals: average income level of consumers2.importance: marketing consumer durables3 categories of countries by annual Per capita
10、 income1.high-income =$9,386 Most members of OECD (originated in Europe, now Most members of OECD (originated in Europe, now with 30 members, research on world economic with 30 members, research on world economic situations)situations)North America: U.S., Canada, Europe: Britain, France (Headquarter
11、s), Germany, Italy, Benelux, Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Portugal Asia: Japan, KoreaOceania: Australia, New ZealandRich oil producing countries of the Middle EastRich oil producing countries of the Middle EastSmall-industrialized countries or regionsSmall-industrialized co
12、untries or regions2. $765 middle-income $9,386Most East European countries: Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, SlovakiaPoland, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia Most members of Commonwealth of Independent StatesRussia, White Russia, Ukraine, KazakhstanRussia, White Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan6 OECD membersSome La
13、tin American countriesSome comparatively developed Asian countriesSouth Africa, oil-producing Libya, Nigeria, Algeria3. low-income= import of raw materialsThe largest creditor country in the worldQuad = Triad + CanadaSummary Relation between income level and potential of a marketIncome level purchasing power potential of marketMeanings of GDP (overall size), per capita GDP (average level of consumers), income distributionHigh, middle, low income countriesstandards for classificationRepresentative countriescharactersTriad and QuadOther markets important for China
