1、GENERAL1.1.2.2.3.3.4.4.情态动词的特征：情态动词的特征：一、表能力的情态动词：一、表能力的情态动词：1、can,could,beableto,couldhavedone（过去本能），（过去本能），beableto能用于各种时态。能用于各种时态。2、can/could只能表示现在或过去的能力。只能表示现在或过去的能力。3、was/wereableto:“通过努力而设法做成某事通过努力而设法做成某事”=managedtodosth./succeededindoingsth.单项选择：单项选择：1.Acomputer_thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwha
2、ttodo.A.cantB.couldntC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto3.Theywill_runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto4.Thatbigcinema_seat2,000people.A.canB.shouldC.oughttoD.isableto二、表请求许可的情态动词：二、表请求许可的情态动词：1、m
3、ay/might,can/could,will/would,shall，其疑问句句型为：，其疑问句句型为：Shall/May/Might/Can/CouldI.?或或Will/Would/Can/Couldyou?2、could/would/shall/might比较委婉比较委婉,一般多用于疑问句一般多用于疑问句3、在以、在以could,might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用应使用can,may表达的语言比较随便。表达的语言比较随便。单项选择：单项选择：1.CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou
4、_.A.mightB.willC.canD.should2.MightIwatchTVaftersupper?Yes,you_.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.can3.Youaremistaken,I_say.A.canB.shouldC.mayD.will三、表可能性推测的情态动词：三、表可能性推测的情态动词：大多数情态动词（除表大多数情态动词（除表能力、许可、意志能力、许可、意志外），都可以表示外），都可以表示推测，其程度有差异。推测，其程度有差异。按可能性程度的高低排列为：按可能性程度的高低排列为：.完全肯定完全肯定完全可能完全可能很很可能可能.可能可能有可能有可能2.区分情态
5、动词的否定含义：区分情态动词的否定含义：may notmay notmight notmight notcantcantmustntmustntshouldntshouldntneedntneednt单项选择：单项选择：1.Ithoughtyou_likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I_it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididnthearthephone.I_aslee
6、pA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen4.-Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourneyA.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen5.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack_behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.could6. -That man must be Sarahs husband
7、.-No, he_ be her husband. She is still single. A. cant B. mustnt C. may not D. ought to7. Peter _come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure.A. must B. may C. can D. will8.-What_ it be?-It_ be a mail box, for it is moving. It_ be a car.A. can; cant; must B. can; can; mustC. can; mustnt; must D. must
8、; mustnt; can9. -Look, someone is coming. Guess_ .-Jack. Hes always on time.A. who can it be B. who he may C. who he can be D. who it can be10. David, you _play with the valuable bottle, you_ break it.A. wont; cant B. mustnt; mayC. shouldnt; must D. cant; shouldnt四、情态动词四、情态动词+havedone的用法的用法 情态动词表推测具
9、体运用：情态动词可以对现在、进行、过去推测。情态动词表推测具体运用：情态动词可以对现在、进行、过去推测。S主+情态动词 + be + adj.对“性质”“特征”的推测S主+情态动词 + be + n.对“职业”“事物”的推测S主+情态动词 + v.对经常性行为的推测S主+情态动词 + be + V-ing对进行着的行为的推测S S主主+ +情态动词情态动词 + have done + have done对过去的行为的推测对过去的行为的推测情态动词表推测时：1、can只能用于否定句和疑问句2、must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑问句其实就用can来代替了）3、如句中有情态动词 + 完成时，定是
10、对过去的推测 。4、句中如有表示不肯定的话语：I am not sure; I dont know 之类，常选may /might的各种形式。must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑问句其实就用can来代替了）1.must have done 2.表示对过去肯定的推测，“一定是，准是”路是湿的。昨天一定下雨了。 1.can have done2.表示对过去的推测（限于问句中）他可能这样说吗？ 1.cant have done 2.表示对过去的否定推测他不可能说出这样愚蠢的话。 表示反劝的特殊的表推测形式表示反劝的特殊的表推测形式could have done表示本来能做到，但事实上没有做到。他本
11、来可以按时完成任务的，但是大雪来了。 couldnt have done表示本来不能做到，但已经做到了。她本不可能走完全程，但事实上她提前到了。 neednt have done表示本不必做的，但已经做到了。她昨天本来不必参加会议的，但她参加了。 should/ought to have done表示该做而没有做植物死了。我本应该多给它点水的。 shouldnt/ oughtnt to have done表示不该做而做了。你不应该未经允许就把她的自行车拿走。 巩固练习：完成下列各句：巩固练习：完成下列各句：1.Ididnthearthetelephone,I（睡着了）。（睡着了）。2.Thep
12、lantisdead,Imorewater.（本应该给它浇（本应该给它浇更多的水的）。更多的水的）。3.Heyoumorehelp,buthewasverybusy.(本可以本可以给你更多帮助给你更多帮助)4.HeEnglishbefore.（不可能学过英语）（不可能学过英语）5.Ithebook.（本没有必要买）（本没有必要买）6.Tomyoursecret.(本不该告诉我本不该告诉我)7.Theyforyou.(一定在等你一定在等你)8.Theyforthatlonglastnight.(不可能工作不可能工作)9.Yourmotheryou.(一定一直在找一定一直在找)10.Inow.(立
13、刻离开立刻离开)11. Why with that girl? (总是找茬)12. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan.（在武汉）13. At this moment, our teacher _our exam papers.（想必在批改）14. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain)15. Philip _ seriously in the car accident, because he cant walk as usual. (hurt)16. -Linda has gone to work,
14、 but her bicycle is still here.-She _ (go) by bus.17. Mike _( can not find) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.五、情态动词表示各种语气：五、情态动词表示各种语气：1、shall用于用于、人称陈述句中，表示命令、许诺、警告、人称陈述句中，表示命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心、允诺或宣布法律、规定时等。强制、威胁、决心、允诺或宣布法律、规定时等。2、must用于指偏要，硬要等语气。用于指偏要，硬要等语气。3、can可用于表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于
15、否定句、可用于表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句、疑问句和惊叹句中。疑问句和惊叹句中。4、should用于用于expect,think,believe等词的宾语从句中译为等词的宾语从句中译为“”表示惊奇、怀疑、不满等情绪，不能省略。在表示惊奇、怀疑、不满等情绪，不能省略。在lest,forfearthat,incase引起的从句中其谓语动词用引起的从句中其谓语动词用should+动词原形动词原形5、may用于用于句，表示祝愿。句，表示祝愿。巩固练习：巩固练习：1.Hebesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.A,shallB.canC.couldD.may2.thisb
16、eanexcusefornotgivingthemhelp?A.MayB.MustC.CouldD.Can3.-Excuseme!CouldIuseyourcomputer?-Youuseitifyoudonttakecareofit.A.mightnotB.shantC.needntD.shouldnt4.-Mum,IvebeenstudyingEnglishsince8oclock.IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?-No,Imafraidnot,yousee,itsrainingnow.A.CantB.WouldntC.WhynotD.Wont六、情态动词的其他
17、用法六、情态动词的其他用法used to doused to dobe/get used to doingbe/get used to doingbe used to dobe used to dowould dowould dowould rather dowould rather dowould rather dothan do/would dorather than would rather dothan do/would dorather than dodowould rather sb did/had donewould rather sb did/had donewould lik
18、e (not) to dowould like (not) to do过去的习惯，不对比现在,带有赞扬，反感等感情色彩prefer to doprefer to doprefer to dorather than do/prefer doingto prefer to dorather than do/prefer doingto doingdoinghad better (not) do had better (not) do cannot+do/be too/enoughcannot+do/be too/enoughcannot but+do sth.cannot but+do sth.常
19、见的问答句型：常见的问答句型：问句问句肯定否定Need I?Need I?Must I?Must I?May I?May I?Shall I.?Shall I.?Might I?Might I?改错改错:1.Wouldyoulikehavingsometea?2.Idprefergoingtothelecturethisevening.3.Idratheryoutogotothemeeting.4.Hewouldrathertodiethantogivein.5.Youdbettertohaveyourhaircuttoday.翻译下列各句翻译下列各句:1.Heat5oclock.(他过去常常
20、他过去常常5点起床点起床)。2.TheChinesePeoplewithchopsticks.（习惯于用筷子就餐）（习惯于用筷子就餐）3.Bamboopaper.（被用于）。（被用于）。4.Iyourcourage.(不得不佩服不得不佩服)。5.YouEnglishwords.(记得的越多越好记得的越多越好)。6.Youwhencrossingtheroad.(越小心越好越小心越好)。7.Igo.(只得选择只得选择)。3、need 和 dare是可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare 作情态动词+动词原形：无人称和数的变化; 尤其用于：否定句及疑问句中;在if/whether之后;或
21、与hardly, never, no one, nobody连用; 常以neednt 和darent 的形式出现; dare有其过去时dared 作为行为动词多用于肯定句;常见的其构成的短语有：(sb.) need to do/ dare to do; (sth.) need to be done / (sth.) need doing完成下列各句完成下列各句:1.Iherforarise.（不敢请求）（不敢请求）2.Howyouherthat?(敢告诉敢告诉)3.Iwonderwhetherheupinpublic.（敢站起）（敢站起）4.Idontknowhowshethatdress.（
22、敢穿）（敢穿）5.anyhelp?（你需要）（你需要）6.Iwonderwhetherheitimmediately.（需要送出）（需要送出）7.Iyouthattheworkisdangerous.（不必告诉）（不必告诉）8.Thegardenatthemoment.（不需要浇水）（不需要浇水）注意：注意：1、对、对need问句的回答问句的回答:-NeedIfinishtheworktoday?-Yes,_./-No,_/No,_.2、neednt对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,y
23、ou_.4、must和have to：must表示说话人的主观看法，而have to表示客观的需要；mustnt表示为“ 、 ”，而dont have to表示“ ”。（英国英语中常用neednt）must表示“必要”“必须”时，附加问句用 ?或者说 ?must用于否定形式mustnt时，附加问句部分用 或 。must表示“推测”意义时，要根据具体情况而确定。5、情态动词表推测的反意疑问句，简单来说，就是以情态动词后的时态为淮，如句子里有明确的时间状语，则以其为准。以 must 为例：E.g. 1. You must be hungry now, arent you? 2. He must b
24、e watching TV, isnt he? 3 Tom must have lived her for a long time, hasnt he? 4. She must have arrived yesterday, didnt she? 注：如题中（以She must have arrived yesterday, didnt she？为例）既有didnt she又有hasnt she则以 为最佳答案。完成下列反意问句：完成下列反意问句：1.Hemustknowthesecret,?2.Hemustbeateacher,?3.Youmusthaveseenhimoffyesterda
25、y,?4.YoumusthavestudiedEnglishbefore,?巩固练习：巩固练习：1.You_returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.maynot2.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;mustD.cant;shouldnt3.-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,_.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn
26、tB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont4.-MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?-_.A.No,youneedntB.No,please.C.No,youmustntD.No,youwont6. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别：shall / will+ 动词原形，均可表示将来，过去时为 , .shall 可表示必须、命令、 警告或征询意见等.will 可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句表示请求和建议.巩固练习：1. He who disobeys the rules be punished if he disobeys.A. will B. shall
27、 C. might D. could2. We are not going to quarrel at all if you _only let me speak.A. will B. shall C. might D. could3. -Sir, _ he go or stay? -Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. could4. Ronald _ stay in his small garden for a long time every day in the past.A. could B. might C. should D. would5. You _ have the book after I read it.A. will B. shall C. might D. couldT h a n k y o uGENERAL
