1、牛津译林版高中英语必修二课件Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy.Reading A beginners guide to exercise内容分析内容分析【What】本板块话题是本板块话题是“新手锻新手锻炼指南炼指南”，语篇是一篇指导初学者进，语篇是一篇指导初学者进行锻炼的应用文。文章从四个方面对行锻炼的应用文。文章从四个方面对入门级锻炼者进行指导：了解锻炼的入门级锻炼者进行指导：了解锻炼的益处、制订日常锻炼计划、恰当饮食益处、制订日常锻炼计划、恰当饮食和避免运动伤害。和避免运动伤害。【Why】文章通过为锻炼者提供文章通过为锻炼者提供建议，指引学生认识锻炼的重要意义，建议
2、，指引学生认识锻炼的重要意义，关注锻炼的正确方式，提升锻炼的兴关注锻炼的正确方式，提升锻炼的兴趣。趣。【How】本文是一篇应用文，围本文是一篇应用文，围绕绕“新手锻炼指南新手锻炼指南”这一话题，从四这一话题，从四个方面进行陈述，每个部分皆配有副个方面进行陈述，每个部分皆配有副标题，有利于读者迅速抓住主旨。标题，有利于读者迅速抓住主旨。全文共有六个段落：全文共有六个段落：第一段以设问的方式导入本文话第一段以设问的方式导入本文话题；题；第二段陈述第二段陈述“锻炼的益处锻炼的益处”；第三到第五段分别从制订日常锻第三到第五段分别从制订日常锻炼计划、恰当饮食和避免运动伤害三炼计划、恰当饮食和避免运动伤害
3、三个方面进行具体指导；个方面进行具体指导；最后一段总结全文，并呼吁读最后一段总结全文，并呼吁读者行动起来投入锻炼。本文作为指者行动起来投入锻炼。本文作为指南有其鲜明的文体特点，如段落小南有其鲜明的文体特点，如段落小标题的运用、语言精练、图文并茂、标题的运用、语言精练、图文并茂、条理清晰，还有例证法、类比等写条理清晰，还有例证法、类比等写作手法的使用，都使得文章表达生作手法的使用，都使得文章表达生动且有说服力。动且有说服力。教学目标教学目标 By the end of this section, we will be able to: 1. predict the main idea accor
4、ding to the title, subheadings(小标题；小标题； 子标题子标题) and pictures; 2.understand the benefits of exercise; 3. make their own exercise plan; 4. know the characteristics of a good guide; 5. use cautious language to avoid overgeneralizing(说话过于笼统说话过于笼统).Many people are interested in getting into shape(强身健体强身健
5、体) but are uncertain(无把握；犹豫；拿不无把握；犹豫；拿不准准) about how to start. The guide below gives information on exercise for beginners. Before you read the guide, think about the following questions. P16 1. What might prevent people from starting exercise? Most people have to study or work very hard so they mig
6、ht say that they are too tired or dont have enough time during the day. Some people do not know how to exercise properly, so they might feel embarrassed to try. Also, some believe that it is expensive to exercise because they think they have to join a club or hire a trainer. Tip Predicting the main
7、idea of a text Before reading a text, take a brief look at the title, subheadings or pictures in it. Then try to guess what important information the text is going to give. By making predictions, you connect the text you are going to read with your background knowledge and become a more active reade
8、r. sub-|sb| A. (构成名词和形容词构成名词和形容词) 在在以下；以下；少于；低于；亚于；次于少于；低于；亚于；次于 sub-zero temperatures零度以下气温零度以下气温 a subtropical climate亚热带气候亚热带气候 substandard低于标准的低于标准的 B. (构成名词和形容词构成名词和形容词) 在在下面下面（或底下）（或底下） subway地下铁路地下铁路 submarine潜艇潜艇 C. (构成动词和名词构成动词和名词) 分支；分部；分支；分部；分分 subdiscipline （学科的）分支，分科（学科的）分支，分科 2.What ki
9、nd of information do you think this guide will give? I think it will talk about the benefits of exercise and how to start exercising. It may also offer some tips about how to make an exercise plan and what to wear during the exercise.体育锻炼入门体育锻炼入门 You want to start doing exercise? Congratulations! Yo
10、u have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you! Understanding the benefits of exercise Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for (为某人为某人 / 替某事替某事)创造奇迹；产生神奇作用创造奇迹；产生神奇作用 the body and mindbut what exactly are its health benefits? To start with, physical activity incre
11、ases the efficiency fnsi(效效率；效能；功效率；效能；功效) of your heart and lungs. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term(长期，长期，久而久之久而久之). It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower ri
12、sk of diseases. Moreover, exercise is good for your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over (解决；解决；克服；控制克服；控制) negative feelings. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning you could actually exercise your way to better performance at sc
13、hool!也就是说，也就是说，通过锻炼，你确实可以提高自己的通过锻炼，你确实可以提高自己的学习成绩。学习成绩。 get over sth解决；克服；控制，解决；克服；控制，=overcome She cant get over her shyness.她无法克服羞怯心理。她无法克服羞怯心理。 I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty.我认为这个问题不太难解决。我认为这个问题不太难解决。 get over sth/sb从疾病（或震惊、断绝从疾病（或震惊、断绝关系等）中恢复常态关系等）中恢复常态 He was d
14、isappointed at not getting the job, but hell get over it.他没得到这份他没得到这份工作非常失望，不过他会想得开的。工作非常失望，不过他会想得开的。 get sthover (to sb)向（某人）讲清向（某人）讲清某事；让（某人）明白某事某事；让（某人）明白某事 He didnt really get his meaning over to the audience.他未能完全把他的意思向听众讲清楚。他未能完全把他的意思向听众讲清楚。 get sth over (with)(informal) 完成，完成，结束（令人不快但免不了的事）结束
15、（令人不快但免不了的事） Ill be glad to get the exam over and done with .考试结束后我就高兴了。考试结束后我就高兴了。 exercise ones way意为意为“通过锻炼通过锻炼来来”，与，与way相关的常见短语还相关的常见短语还有有: push ones way,推进（道路）；挤推进（道路）；挤开开 fight ones way杀出了一条生路杀出了一条生路 pick your way (across, along, among, over, through sth) 择路而行；小心择路而行；小心看着路行走看着路行走 feel your way
16、 A. （如在黑暗中）摸索着走动（如在黑暗中）摸索着走动 B（在新环境中）谨慎行事（在新环境中）谨慎行事 She was new in the job, still feeling her way.她对这项工作不熟悉，还她对这项工作不熟悉，还在摸索着干。在摸索着干。 work ones way through university/college勤工俭学读完大勤工俭学读完大学学 find your way (to)找到正确的路（去某处）找到正确的路（去某处） I hope you can find your way home.希望你能找到回家的路。希望你能找到回家的路。 find your/i
17、ts way (to/into)偶然来到；无意中处于偶然来到；无意中处于 He eventually found his way into acting.他弄到最后竟干起了演艺这一行。他弄到最后竟干起了演艺这一行。如如: He pushed his way through the crowd.他推开人群挤了出去。他推开人群挤了出去。 The soldiers finally fought their way out.士兵们终于杀出了一条生路。士兵们终于杀出了一条生路。 He had to pick his way along the muddy path.他只得小心翼翼地在他只得小心翼翼地在泥
18、泞的小路上行走。泥泞的小路上行走。 Planning your exercise routine When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. Aerobic activities, like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop(加强；增强；发挥加强；增强；发挥) your heart and lu
19、ngs. Strength training, such as pull-ups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages( 促进；助促进；助长；刺激长；刺激) bone development. Flexibility training, including gymnastics and tai chi ta ti, helps stretch your muscles and improve your bodys range of movement.有助于舒展肌肉，增大有助于舒展肌肉，增大肢体活动幅度肢体活动幅度
20、 encourage sth (in sb/sth) 促进；助促进；助长；刺激长；刺激 They claim that some computer games encourage violent behaviour in young children.他们声称有些电他们声称有些电脑游戏助长儿童的暴力行为。脑游戏助长儿童的暴力行为。 Music and lighting are used to encourage shoppers to buy more.用音乐和灯光刺激购物者买更多的用音乐和灯光刺激购物者买更多的东西。东西。 These types of exercise all play a
21、 role in a healthy routine. Above all (最重要的是；尤其是最重要的是；尤其是), choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, youre more likely to stick with them.在一套健康的日常锻炼项目中，以在一套健康的日常锻炼项目中，以上三种训练都是不可或缺的。而最上三种训练都是不可或缺的。而最重要的是，要挑选你喜欢的项目，重要的是，要挑选你喜欢的项目，因为这样才更有可能持之以恒。因为这样才更有可能持之以恒。 more/less/most/least likely Young
22、drivers are far more likely to have accidents than older drivers.年轻司机发生车祸的可能性要远远年轻司机发生车祸的可能性要远远大于年长的司机。大于年长的司机。 Once people have seen that something actually works, they are much more likely to accept change. 一旦人们看到有些东西确实奏效，一旦人们看到有些东西确实奏效，那他们可能会更容易接受变化。那他们可能会更容易接受变化。 Children who have a positive sel
23、f-image are less likely to present behaviour and discipline problems. 自我感觉良好的孩子较少出现行为自我感觉良好的孩子较少出现行为和纪律上的问题。和纪律上的问题。 Those who expect the worst are less likely to be disappointed. 把事情想得坏的人把事情想得坏的人,不容易失望不容易失望. Women who eat plenty of fresh vegetables are far less likely to suffer anxiety or depressio
24、n. 吃新鲜蔬菜多的女性患焦虑症或抑吃新鲜蔬菜多的女性患焦虑症或抑郁症的几率要小很多。郁症的几率要小很多。 stick with sb/sth无被动态无被动态 (informal) A. 紧跟，不离开（某人，以便得紧跟，不离开（某人，以便得到帮助）到帮助） B. 持续；坚持持续；坚持 They decided to stick with their original plan.他们决定继续执行原来的计划。他们决定继续执行原来的计划。 Eating and drinking rightLike cars that run on(通过；使通过；使用；借助于用；借助于) petrol, your b
25、ody burns carbohydrates for energy. What rhetorical rtrkl device (修辞手法修辞手法) is used in this sentence? Why is this sentence better than “Your body needs carbohydrates to provide you with energy”? The author uses “analogy” nldi (类比；比拟；比喻类比；比拟；比喻) in this sentence, in which the human body is compared t
26、o a car and carbohydrates are compared to petrol. The human body and the car have some characteristics in common, and so do carbohydrates and the petrol. For example, both the human body and the car need to burn something for energy. When an analogy is used, an abstract concept is easier to understa
27、nd. Foods like noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a long workout. keep sthup A. 使某事物保持在高水平使某事物保持在高水平 The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up.昂贵的原料费用使价格居高不下。昂贵的原料费用使价格居高不下。 B. 使某事物保持（在同一水平，通常使某事物保持（在同一水平，通常指高水平）指高水平） We
28、ll done! Keep up the good work/Keep it up !干得好！继续好好干吧！干得好！继续好好干吧！ C. 使处于高水平；使不低落使处于高水平；使不低落 They sang songs to keep their spirits up.他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。 D. 沿用（或沿袭、保持）某事物沿用（或沿袭、保持）某事物 to keep up old traditions保持老传统保持老传统 Do you still keep up your Spanish?你还坚持说西班牙语吗？你还坚持说西班牙语吗？ E. 保养，维护（房屋、花园等）保
29、养，维护（房屋、花园等）,= maintain keep sb up使某人熬夜（或开夜车、不睡觉）使某人熬夜（或开夜车、不睡觉） I hope were not keeping you up.希望我们没有耽误你睡觉。希望我们没有耽误你睡觉。 keep up（天气）持续不变（天气）持续不变 The rain kept up all afternoon.雨下了整整一个下午。雨下了整整一个下午。 keep up (with sb/sth)（与（与）齐步前进，并驾齐驱；跟上）齐步前进，并驾齐驱；跟上 Slow downI cant keep up!慢点慢点我跟不上了！我跟不上了！ I cant kee
30、p up with all the changes.我并非所有的变化都能跟得上。我并非所有的变化都能跟得上。 keep up with sb与（某人）保持联系与（某人）保持联系 How many of your old school friends do you keep up with?你与多少老同学保持着联系？你与多少老同学保持着联系？ keep up with sth A. 熟悉，了解（消息、形势等）熟悉，了解（消息、形势等） She likes to keep up with the latest fashions.她喜欢赶时髦。她喜欢赶时髦。 B. 继续支付；继续做继续支付；继续做
31、If you do not keep up with the payments you could lose your home.如果你不继续付款，你的住房就可如果你不继续付款，你的住房就可能保不住了。能保不住了。 To help your muscles recover and repair themselves after exercise, you need to eat foods rich in(富含富含的的;含有大量含有大量的的) protein, such as fish, eggs and milk products. When to eat is also of great
32、importance. In general, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. in general A. usually; mainly通常；大体上通常；大体上 In general, Japanese cars are very reliable and breakdowns are rare.日本汽车通常是很可靠的，发生故障日本汽车通常是很可靠的，发生故障的情况极少。的情况极少。 B. as a whole 总的说来；从总体上看总的说来；从总体上看 This is a
33、crucial year for your relationships in general and your love life in particular.这一年对你们的关系，这一年对你们的关系，特别是你们的爱情生活是非常关键的。特别是你们的爱情生活是非常关键的。 Do not eat immediately after exercise; instead, wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine(常规常规锻炼锻炼), or as much as an hour after a hard workout(高强度锻炼高强度锻炼). R
34、emember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.锻炼过程中别忘了喝水，以锻炼过程中别忘了喝水，以弥补出汗损耗的水分。弥补出汗损耗的水分。 throughout|ru:at| 1)prep. A. 各处；遍及各处；遍及 They export their products to markets throughout the world.他们把产品出口到世界各地的市场。他们把产品出口到世界各地的市场。 B. 自始至终；贯穿整个时期自始至终；贯穿整个时期 The museum is open daily
35、throughout the year.这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。 2) adv. The ceremony lasted two hours and we had to stand throughout.仪式进行了两个小时，我们自始至仪式进行了两个小时，我们自始至终都得站着。终都得站着。 make up for “补偿补偿,弥补弥补”。如。如: Hard work can make up for a lack of natural talent.勤能补拙。勤能补拙。 sweat作名词，意为作名词，意为“汗水汗水”。如。如: He breaks out in
36、a cold sweat just at the thought of the entrance exam.他一想到要参加入学考试他一想到要参加入学考试,就浑身就浑身冒冷汗。冒冷汗。 Avoiding injury To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routin
37、e to avoid getting hurt.此外，刚开始锻炼强此外，刚开始锻炼强度要小，要度要小，要循序渐进地循序渐进地增加锻炼的增加锻炼的时间和强度，以防受伤。时间和强度，以防受伤。 work（逐渐地）移动（到某位（逐渐地）移动（到某位置）；（逐步）变成（某状态）置）；（逐步）变成（某状态）;艰难地移动；缓慢地取得进展艰难地移动；缓慢地取得进展 It will take a while for the drug to work out of your system.这药得需这药得需要一段时间才能排出你的体外。要一段时间才能排出你的体外。 He worked his way to the
38、top of his profession.他一步一步努力，终于他一步一步努力，终于成为行业内的翘楚。成为行业内的翘楚。 I was tied up, but managed to work myself free.我被捆绑起来，但设法我被捆绑起来，但设法挣脱了绳索。挣脱了绳索。 A screw had worked loose from my glasses. 我眼镜上有一个螺丝松了。我眼镜上有一个螺丝松了。 Rescuers were still working their way towards the trapped men. 营救人员仍在艰难地向被困者靠拢。营救人员仍在艰难地向被困者
39、靠拢。 Many personnel managers started as secretaries or personnel assistants and worked their way up. 很多人事经理最初是从秘书或人事很多人事经理最初是从秘书或人事助理做起，然后慢慢升上去的。助理做起，然后慢慢升上去的。 Finally, remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout. So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to d
40、o it safely and effectively. What are you waiting for? warm up A. （为体育活动或表演）做适应性练（为体育活动或表演）做适应性练习，做准备活动；热身习，做准备活动；热身 B. ( 机器、发动机等机器、发动机等) 暖机；预热暖机；预热 warm up | warm sb/sthup（使）活跃起来，热情起来（使）活跃起来，热情起来 The party soon warmed up.聚会很快活跃起来。聚会很快活跃起来。 warm sthup把（冷饭菜）热一热把（冷饭菜）热一热 A. Understanding the text A1.
41、The guide can be divided into four parts. Read the guide and complete the chart below with the main idea of each part. P18 Mental benefits What you expect to improve When to eat 4.Wearing proper clothes and equipment 5.Warming up before exercise and stretching after exercise A2. Read the guide again
42、 carefully and answer the following questions. 1. Why is regular exercise good for the heart and lungs? Because the heart and lungs must work harder during exercise. This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. 2. How does flexibility training help you? 3. Why do you need to eat fo
43、ods rich in protein? It helps stretch our muscles and improve our bodys range of movement. Because they help our muscles recover and repair themselves after exercise. 4. How long should you wait after exercise to have your meal? 5.Can exercise help improve your performance at school? Why or why not?
44、 At least 30 minutes. Yes. A workout can help us reduce stress and get over negative feelings. Whats more, it improves certain brain functions, contributing to our better performance at school. A3. In pairs, discuss the following questions. P18 1. What are the purposes of this guide? What techniques
45、 does the guide use for these purposes? Support your answer with examples from the guide. The purposes of the guide are to encourage readers to exercise and to inform them of the proper way of exercising. The guide asks questions at the beginning and at the end to give encouragement. In lines 16-21,
46、 it gives examples to explain how different types of exercise improve our health. In lines 25-26, it compares the human body to a car that needs to be fuelled给给(交通工具交通工具)加油加油 to help the reader understand the role of carbohydrates. These techniques are very effective in presenting information. 2. Do
47、 you agree with the guide that exercise can help you get over negative feelings? Back up支持；支持；证实证实(某人所言某人所言) your opinion with examples from your experience. Yes. Running has certainly helped me deal with(解决；处理；应付解决；处理；应付) my stress. When I am under stress I go out for an hour-long run. After sweati
48、ng all over, I find that my stress almost disappears and I feel great. Its like magic! 3. What other information do you think could be included in the guide? Id like some tips on overcoming difficulties in exercise and keeping motivated (有动机的，有目的的有动机的，有目的的; 有积极性的有积极性的). B1. The passage below deals w
49、ith a common false idea about exercise. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below. P19 moreover assume average over the long term jogging prevent tend to make up for Exercise has a range of(一系列一系列) health benefits. However, some people (1)_ that if some ex
50、ercise is good, more is always better, so they (2)_ exercise for a long time without stopping. For example, some people go (3)_ for several hours at a time(每次；逐一；依次每次；逐一；依次) because of the step-counting smartphone apps. assumetend tojogging Others work out for hours at the weekend (4)_ their lack of
