1、 M3 U1 The Amazon rainforest : a natural disasterReading-language points 1. harm n.&vt. 伤害，损害UThe human race has done much harm.do sb/sth harm 对某人/某物有害do more harm than good 弊大于利do harm to. 对.有害harm ones reputation/image 损害某人的声誉/形象 harmful adj 有害的be harmful to 对.有害（反义短语：be good for 对.有好处）harmless ad
2、j 无害的be harmless to. 对.无害harmlessly adv 无害地；无恶意地harm的相关用法单句写作（1）Playing computer games is _ _ your health. Dont abandon yourself to this kind of pleasure.玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害，不要沉溺于这种快乐中。（2）You must get out of the habit, for itll do _ _ your health.你必须改掉这个习惯，因为它对你的健康有害。（3）The burning plastic gave off poisono
3、us gas, _ _ _ _ health.燃烧的塑料释放有毒气体，这个有害健康。(1 )harmful to(2)harm to(3)which is harmful to2. alive with Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.欢迎来到丛林，这是一片充满动物声音的绿色海洋。a sea of 大片的，成片的 see a sea of smiling faces 看到一片笑脸alive with 充满，到处是The pond was full of frogs. 池塘里都
4、是青蛙。alive: be alive live:（1）活着的 some live fish （2）现场直播的 a live broadcast 现场直播区别：live 意为“活着的；建在的”，一般指物；还可以表示“现场直播的”，作定语或表语 alive 意为“活着”，既可指人也可指物，多做表语、后置定语或宾补 living 意为“活的；活着的”。the living 活着的人 lively 意为“活泼的，生气勃勃的；(思想)活跃的；(描写等)生动有趣的”。 living adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的 all living things 所有生物n. 生计，谋生C,sing；生活方式U e
5、arn/make a living 谋生 earn ones living 谋生 3.The Amazon River, from which the forest gets its name, is about 6400kilometers in length-around 100kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长in length 长度at length 最后，终于；详细地length of time 持续时间；时限long adj 长的lengthen vi&vt 延长；变长le
6、ngth的相关用法单句语法填空（1）The river is three hundred kilometres _ length. （2）The aerial can be adjusted to the range of those signals by _ (length) or shortening it.（3）The room is twice the _(long) of the kitchen.答案：（1）in（2）lengthening（3）length4.The forests different levels provide food and shelter for an u
7、nbelievable variety of wildlife.variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体a variety of 各种各样的 可数名词复数或不可数名词varieties of 各种各样的vary vi 变化；改变vary with 随着.而变化vary in 在.方面变化/不同vary from. to. 从.到.变化vary between. and. 在.和.之间变化various adj 各种各样的variously adv 各种各样地 variety的相关用法单句语法填空(1)Depending on context, love can be of di
8、fferent _(variety)(2)The school offers us _(variety) activities to choose from according to our own interests, of which I like playing chess best.(3)We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also “learned” body language, which _(variety) from culture to culture.微语篇语法填空(4)
9、According to the survey conducted recently, for the same cotton _， its growing period _ in _ climates.(vary)答案:(1)varieties(2)various(3)varies(4)variety;varies;various5.At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. 在.下面beneath the paper 在报纸下面配不上She thought thejob is beneath her. 她认为工
10、作配不上她。6.mass Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 在这上面是黑暗的森林地面上的大量落叶。mass n. 大量C,sing；团，块，堆C；一大群singadj. 大批的，广泛的 a mass of 一堆；大量 mass production 大量生产massive adj 大量的；巨大的；厚重的 massively adv 大量地；沉重地；庄重地mass的相关用法单句写作1. A _ of actors and actresses take an active part in reality
11、shows in the hope of being known by the public so that their career will take off.大量的男女演员积极参与真人秀节目，希望能被公众所知，这样他们的事业就会腾飞。2. A team of experts is devoted to doing research on the coronavirus in the hope that the right medicine can come into _ _ soon.一个专家小组正致力于冠状病毒的研究工作，希望有效的药物尽快大批量生产。答案：（1）mass（2）mass
12、 production7.survive Although close to extinction in other areas, jaguars can still survive here. survive vi. 生存，存活 survive on. 依靠.生存 survive from. 从.中存活下来vt. 幸存，幸免于难 survive sth 幸免于；从.中挺过来/活过来 A survive B by. A比B多活.survivor n 幸存者C survival n 幸存；生存Usurvive的相关用法单句语法填空（1） Many strange customs have _(s
13、urvive) from earlier times.（2） I dont know how six of your family manage _(survive) on only your fathers salary.（3） Sunshine and water prove beneficial to all the living creatures on the Earth for their _(survive)（4） Of all the museums paintings, only one _ (survive) the fire.答案：（1）survived（2）to sur
14、vive（3）survival（4）survived8.These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and seeds. 这些青蛙，反过来，又以吃树叶和种子的昆虫为食。in turn 相应地，转而 take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 by turns 轮流；交替 in ones turn 轮到某人 9.When jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the
15、earth.美洲虎死后，一小群微生物会帮助分解它的身体，使营养物质返回地球。break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)break in 插嘴，打断；破门而入 break into 强行闯入 break off 折断；断开 break through 取得突破 break out (战争、火灾等)爆发 break up 粉碎；结束；分手 10.breathe life intodue to (be) due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人 be due to do sth 预定做某事11.impactimpact n. 影响，作用C；撞击，冲撞C,U environmental imp
16、act 环境冲击；环境影响 vi.&vt. 有影响；冲击 impact on/upon sth 对某物有影响impacted adj 结实的；压紧的 impactive adj 冲击的；有不良影响的.damage vt.&n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 do/cause damage to 给.造成伤害区别：damage 表示“损害,破坏”，主要指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可修复 destroy 表示“破坏，毁灭”，使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复 ruin 表示“毁坏，破坏”，使某物丧失功能、价值。更强调破坏的彻底性。还可以指破坏美好的事物 in danger ofbe
17、left with 造成.damageimpact的相关用法单句写作（1）The impact _ modern technology _ the communication is evident.现代技术对通信的影响是显而易见的。（2）Every word from the parents will _ _ _ _ the child.父母的每一句话都会对孩子产生影响。答案：（1）of;on（2）have an impact on damage, ruin, destroy选词填空（1）Once the _ is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.（2）The ongoing wars in the Middle East have led to many ancient building _.（3）He knocked over a bottle of ink and _ the tablecloth.答案：（1）damage（2）being destroyed（3）ruined
