1、Unit 1 Nature in the balanceGrammar and usage EllipsisHave you ever watched any TV programmes about environmental protection? Can you share？Lead-in1. What is the documentary about?ScanningRead part A1. Its about environmental protection./Its about some of the worst environmental problems we are faci
2、ng today.2. How did Jack feel when watching the documentary?Scanning2. He felt worried when watching the documentary.3. What do the leading experts suggest doing to solve the environmental problems? Scanning3. Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle.Explo
3、ring the rules1. No, I didnt (watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday).2. You can watch it online if you want to ( ).3. I felt worried when ( ) watching the documentary.4. Some call for the application of modern technology, and others ( ) a change of lifestyle.5. ( ) Got
4、 any idea?6. ( ) Sounds great!watch itI wascall forHave youIt/ThatHave students write down the words that have been left out of the sentences in Part A below the conversation.Working out the rulesl We sometimes use ellipisis to avoid (1) (stressing/repeating) one or more words when the meaning is cl
5、ear.l We can use ellipsis: in short responses; in infinitives; after some conjunctions like if, when and while; in clauses with the same pattern and the same verb; at the beginning of a sentence in (2) (informal/formal) speech.repeatinginformal 运用省略手法，可以避免重复，使句子简练。常见的省略现象有以下几种： 一.在非正式场合，如果语境清晰，常省略主语
6、或主语+动词。例如： (Are you) Ready? Working out the rulesNotes二 .在简短对话中，答句常保留主语和助动词，省略其后主要动词以及上句出现过的其他内容。例如： Did you go to the museum yesterday? No, I didnt (go to the museum yesterday)Working out the rulesNotes 三.在并列句并列句结构中，常省略与前面相同的主语、谓语或其他成分。例如： (1) Peter entered the classroom and (Peter) sat at his desk
7、. (2) I like dancing but my brother (likes) singing. (3) What I said made Jack happy but (what I said made) Jane angry.Working out the rules返回返回1. 省略省略主语主语Mr. Smith picked up a coin in the road and (Mr. Smith) handed it to a policeman.2. 省略谓语省略谓语Some called for the application of the modern technolo
8、gy, and others (called for) a change of lifestyle.返回返回2. 省略部分谓语省略部分谓语I was born in winter in 1988 and Bob (was born in winter) in 1989. Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.3. 省略谓语及状语省略谓语及状语 四.从属连词when、where、if、than等后常用省略结构。例如： (1) You should be careful w
9、hen (you are) crossing the road. (2) You need to make improvements where (it is) necessary. (3) Please call me back if (it is) possible. (4) I love English more than (I) ever (loved English). Working out the rules返回返回1. 状语从句的省略状语从句的省略I felt worried when (I am) watching the documentary.若从句的主语与主句的主语相同
10、或者从句的主语是it，且谓语是be时，常同时省略从句的主语和be。If (it is) impossible, I will help you with your work.返回返回2. 定语从句的省略定语从句的省略A. 在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom，which，that可省略。The film star (whom/who/that)I like most is Bruce Lee. B. 定语从句中的“主语(关系代词) + be”有时可以省略。 Whats the language (that/which is) spoken in that country?返回返回注注
11、：关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，即使在从句中作宾语，也不可省略。“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，关系代词不可省略。This is the man, whom I spoke to yesterday. I attended a lecture last week, from which I learnt a lot. 返回返回3. 宾语从句的省略宾语从句的省略在say, know, think, believe, suppose, consider, find, decide等动词后面所接的一个宾语从句中，连词that可以省略；若后接多个宾语从句，只有第一个连词that可省略，其余的连词tha
12、t不能省略。There is no reason to suppose (that) shes lying. Our Chinese teacher said (that) the text was very importan and that we should memomize it. 五.不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，常省略to后面的内容。例如： (1) You dont have to do it if you dont want to (do it). (2) Youd better not take medicine unless your doctor told you to (t
13、ake medicine). 如果不定式后接be动词或动词的完成式，省略句中往往保留be或have。例如： (1) I am busier now than I used to be (busy). (2) Has Mike finished his project? He seems to have (finished his project).Working out the rules返回返回1.保留不定式符号保留不定式符号to的情况的情况A.不定式作某些动词的宾语时，常见动词如want ， like，love，care，hope，wish，expect，prefer，refuse, me
14、an, agree, afford, forget，remember，try，manage等 。Im sorry I hurt your feelings. I didnt mean to.You can watch it online if you want to.返回返回B.不定式在句中作某些动词的宾语补足语或主语补足语时，常见动词如ask，advise，persuade, tell, wish, allow, permit, force等 。At last they did as I told them to. (宾补)He would not have married her if h
15、e had not been forced to. (主补) 2.不定式符号不定式符号可省略可省略的情况的情况A. 主语部分或修饰主语的定语部分有实义动词do的各种形式，作表语的不定式可省略to，也可保留to。返回返回The most important thing I should do is (to) give you some advice on how to learn a foreign language. B.不定式做介词but，except等的宾语，且前面有实义动词do的各种形式时，须省略不定式符号to 。They did nothing but watch TV last ni
16、ght. I dont want to do anything except help you.He had no choice but to tell her the truth.返回返回C.在see, look at, hear, listen to, watch, notice，observe，feel，have，make，let等词后作宾语补足语时，须省略不定式符号to 。Yesterday I listened to Mary speak movingly about her love story once again.注注:以上动词若用于被动语态,则不定式符号to不可省略Any c
17、hild caught misbehaving was made to stand at the front of the class. l What is ellipsis? l Leaving out a word or words from a sentence l When can we use ellipsis? l Avoid repeatingl Whats the function of ellipsis?l conciseWorking out the rulesSummary1. I cannot watch the documentary this weekend, th
18、ough I would like to.2. Cows live on land, and fish in the water.3. The Amazon rainforest is smaller now than 50 years ago.4. He had planned to borrow a book on environmental protection, but he didnt.5. When taking photos of wildlife, we should make every effort to ensure that we keep away from the
19、animals. Applying the rulesFinish B1 on Page 7. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the sentences using ellipsis.Applying the rulesRead the short passage in B2 on Page 7 and put brackets around the words that can be left out.Applying the rulesLast weekend, I took part in a forest clean-up activity. It
20、was organized by GreenHope, an organization devoted to protecting forests. At first I didnt want to (take part in the forest clean-up activity), but then I thought, “What if nobody goes?” Our team leader, Joe, took us to a forest outside the city. I was sad to see litter everywhere. There was a “No
21、littering (is allowed here)” sign at the entrance to the forest, but that didnt stop people from throwing their rubbish on the ground. Joe divided us into two groups: one group cleaned up the north side of the forest, and the other (group) (cleaned up)Applying the rulesthe south side (of the forest)
22、. We worked for several hours and (we) were happy to see (that) the forest looked cleaner than (it had looked) before. It was absolutely worth our effort! Therell be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday. You can find Joe and sign up if (youre) willing to help. Everyone who takes
23、 part in the activity will receive a medal. Ill join you too if I have time.Applying the rulesContinue Jack and Henrys conversation on designing a brochure about protecting the environment by using ellipsis where possible.Jack: Hi, Henry! Got any good ideas about the brochure?Henry: Yes. How about u
24、sing some pictures and slogans?Jack: Sounds great! I can download some while surfing the Internet after school.Henry: OK. E-mail me if you find any and let me take charge of the rest.Jack: Got it! Lets meet tomorrow afternoon to put it together.Applying the rulesSample answers:1. Drive less, and we
25、will have a greener world.2. When building cities, think of Mother Nature.Describe the pictures of B3 on Page 7 with the help of the example.Consolidation 1Fill in the blanks by using ellipsis. 1. Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication, if not (handle) properly, may lead to se
26、rious problems.2. Id like to invite you to the coming party, which will take p l a c e o n t h e s e c o n d f l o o r o f t h e d i n i n g h a l l a s (expect)3. You may have finished your homework. If , you can go on to play football.handledexpectedso4. Is he coming back tonight? I think .5. When
27、 (arrive), send me a telegram.6. Dont come in until (ask) to.7. You should let us know the result .(尽快)8. There are few people nowadays, (如果有), who remember him.askedas soon as possibleif anysoarrivingConsolidation 11._, I will help you with your work.A.If I am possible B. If it possible C. If possi
28、ble D. Possible2.How many poor counties will there be in our province by 2025?There will be only a few, if _.A.much B. some C. any D. manyConsolidation 23.Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday ?Well, I_, but I forgot it.A.should B. must C. should have D. must haveConsolidation 24.Id l
29、ike to have a piece of bread and two eggs.Anything ?A.following B.followsC.to follow D.to be followedConsolidation 2Consolidation 3用省略的方式改写下列句子1.Whenever it is possible, he will come to my help._.2.Dont go till I tell you to go._.3.John worked hard but his brother did not work hard._.4.When you are
30、crossing the street, you should be careful._.4. When crossing the street,you should be careful.1. Whenever possible, he will come to my help.2. Dont go till I tell you to.3. John worked hard but his brother didntConsolidation 4用省略的方式翻译下列句子1.他不再喜欢流行音乐了，不过他以前喜欢。_.2.虽然他们已经很累了，但仍然继续坚持工作。_.3.我一边看杂志，一边等。_
31、.1. He is no longer fond of pop music, but he used to be.2.Tough very tired, they went on working.3.While waiting, I was reading some magazines.1. Many westerners who come to China cook much less _ in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. (2018浙江, 语法填空) 2. Chinas appr
32、oach to protecting its environment while _ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the banks Juergen Voegele. (2018全国II, 语法填空) thanfeeding3. “Well, I dont know you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,” replied Dennis befor
33、e _ (ask) which room the new parents were in. (2018全国III, 完形填空)4. When _ (combine) with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. (2018全国II, 阅读理解B)askingcombined5. Freddy was an average student, _ not an average
34、person. (2017全国II, 完形填空)6. The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when _ (tap) early, are employed ever after in life and work. (2019全国I, 阅读理解D)buttapped7. “I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am _ my dogs,” says Ehlers. (2019全国II, 完形填空)8. One group was asked to seek out an interaction with its waiter; the other, _ (speak) only when necessary. (2018全国II, 阅读理解D) toto speakHomework1. Write a short passage using ellipsis where necessary.2. Finish the workbook.
