1、选择性必修四 Unit 4 Unit4 Never too old to learn.一、重点单词与短语：1. blank adj. 空白的；空的，无图画的；没表情的，不理解的，不感兴趣的；完全的，彻底的n. （文件等的）空白处，空格；（记忆中的）空白，遗忘；空弹vt. 毫不理睬；突然忘掉，突然思路模糊 (P44, L8)go blank （脑子、屏幕等）变得一片空白My mind is a blank 脑子里一片空白，怎么也想不起来blank out 突然变空；涂掉，覆盖，遮盖；刻意忘掉，抹去记忆blankly adv.典题赏析：1) Leave the last page blank. 意
2、为：_2) Suddenly the screen of the TV went blank. 意为：_3) She stared at me with a blank expression on her face. 意为：_4) Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about. 意为：_5) He gave me a blank refusal. 意为：_6) Please fill in the blanks. 意为：_7) The troops fired blanks in the air. 意为：
3、_8) I saw her on the bus this morning, but she totally blanked me. 意为：_9) I knew the answer, but I totally blanked during the test. 意为：_10) When I got into the exam room, I just panicked and _.一进考场，我就慌乱起来，脑子里一片空白。11) All the names in the letter _ so far.到目前为止，信中所有的名字都已涂掉了。2. bound adj. 一定会，很可能会；有义务（
4、做某事）；正旅行去（某地），准备前往（某地）n. 边界，界限，范围，跳跃 vi. 跳，跳跃；弹起，弹回 (P44, L15)be bound to do sth.一定会/很可能会干某事；有义务干某事be bound for 准备/正在到去；开往be bound up in 热衷于，忙于，专心于be bound up with 与有密切关系/密切相关Ill be bound 我敢肯定，我确信（作插入语）典题赏析：1) Now that you have done so much work, youre bound _ (win) the speech contest.2) You are bou
5、nd by the contract _ (pay) before the end of the month.3) Welcome to take this time Number G7589 Rail train bound _ North Guangzhou from Xuzhou. The train will arrive in Guangzhou North Station terminal. Please take passenger baggage, thanks!4) Henrys problems are _（与有密切关系his mothers death when he w
6、as ten.5) Jim was too _（热衷于，忙于）his own worries to be able to help us.3. keep pace with 与步调一致；与并驾齐驱；跟上 (P45, L17)set the pace 确定速度；确立目标；领先；领跑put sb. through ones paces 考察/考验（某人的能力）at a steady/gentle/leisurely pace 以稳定的/徐缓的/悠闲的步子典题赏析：1) We encourage all students to work _ their own pace.2) _ the times
7、, the old are making efforts to learn new technology.为了与时俱进，老年人正努力地学习新技术。3) The company is no longer _ in the home computer market. 这家公司再也不能在国内计算机市场上独领风骚了。4) Until now, wage increases have always _ inflation.到目前为止，工资的增长与通货膨胀始终保持同步。4. resolve vt. & vi. 解决（问题或困难）；表决；决心，决定n. 决心，坚定的信念 u (P45, L19)resolv
8、e an issue/a dispute/a conflict/a crisis 解决问题/争端/冲突/危机resolve to do sth. 决定/决心干某事；表决干某事resolve on doing sth. 决定/决心干某事resolve that+s+(should)+v. 决定/表决It is resolved that+s+(should)+v. 据决定/表决resolve.into. 把分解成；把逐渐变成/逐渐被理解为resolved adj. 下定决心的，坚定的典题赏析：1) Recent research suggests that if an argument gets
9、 _ (resolve), the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.2) To free the students from their endless homework, the school has resolved _ taking a series of measures.3) He resolved _ (not tell) her the truth.4) It was resolved that the matter _ (refer) to a
10、higher authority.5) They _ a complex argument _ its basic elements.他们把一个复杂的论点分解成几个基本要点。5. refresh vt. 使变新，刷新；使恢复精力；使凉爽；提醒，提示，使想起(P45, L21)refresh sb. with. 使某人提起精神refresh ones memory 使某人想起，唤起某人的记忆refreshment n. 恢复活力，焕发精神 u；饮料，小食 复；食物和饮料 urefreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的，别具一格的；使人精力充沛的，使人凉爽的典题赏析：1) He refreshe
11、d himself _ a cool shower. 他冲了个凉水澡凉快凉快。2) He enjoyed a _ (refresh) drink at 4 oclock in the afternoon.3) He had to _ by looking at his notes.他不得不靠看笔记来唤起记忆。4) Click here to _ this document. 点击此处以刷新文件。6. objective adj. 客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 (反：subjective)n. 目标，目的 c (P45, L24)be objective to 对很客观/无偏见meet/achie
12、ve ones objective 达到/实现某人的目标the main/primary/principal objective 主要/首要/重要目标aims and objectives 目的和目标an objective analysis/assessment/report 客观的分析/评价/报告objectively adv. 客观地，客观存在地典题赏析：1) The main objective of the meeting is _ (give) more information on our plan.2) We should be objective _ others criti
13、cism and dont be oversensitive to their opinions.3) The expert _ on this report.那位专家就这份报告作了客观的分析。4) The company _ last year. 去年这家公司实现了它的目标。7. criticize vt. & vi. 批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价 (P45, L25)criticize. for. 因批评/指责criticism n. 批评，批判，责备，指责 c/u；评论 ube open to/take criticism 接受批评critic n. 批评家，评论家，评论员；批评者 cc
14、ritical adj. 批评的，批判性的，挑剔的；极重要的，关键的，至关重要的be critical of 对挑剔/提出批评be critical to 对极为重要/是关键的be of critical importance 至关重要的with a critical eye 以批判的眼光in (a) critical condition 病情危急典题赏析：1) 用critic的适当形式填空a. The government _ for not taking the problem seriously.b. This film is well received by both audience
15、s and _.c. While reading, try to develop a more _ attitude, instead of taking everything at face value.d. This is a view that has attracted both _ and support.2) Toms parents were highly critical _ the school.3) Your decision is critical _ our future.8. inquire/enquire vi. & vt. 询问，打听 (P45, L28)inqu
16、ire about (sb./sth.) 询问，打听inquire after sb. 向某人问好/问候inquire into 调查，查究，查问inquire sth. of sb. 向某人打听/询问某事inquiring adj. 爱探索的，好奇的，好问的；探询的，探究的inquiry n. 询问，打听；调查，查究，查问 c典题赏析：1) I called the station to inquire _ train times.2) He called me aside to inquire _ my daughter.3) A committee was appointed to in
17、quire _ the case.4) He nervously inquire _ his host whether he could light a cigarette.5) I dont know who sent the gift, but I will make discreet _ (inquire).9. register vi. & vt. 登记，注册n. 语体风格，语域 c/u；登记表 c (P45, L29)registered mail/post 挂号邮寄 registered nurse 注册护士register a birth/marriage/death 登记出生/
18、结婚/死亡register a company/trademark 注册公司/商标典题赏析：1) How many students have have registered _ English classes?2) The ship _ in Panama. 这艘船是在巴拿马注册的。3) The essay suddenly switches from a formal to an informal _.这篇文章的语体风格从正式转为非正式。10. subscribe vi. 订阅；定期订购/订阅 (P45, L30)subscribe to 订阅；定期订购；定期捐款，定期捐助；同意，赞成（t
19、o为介词，后接view, idea, belief, theory等）subscribe for 认购（股份、股票）典题赏析：1) Which journals does the library _? 图书馆订了哪些报刊？2) She _ an environmental action group. 她定期给一个环境行动组织捐款。3)Do you _（同意，赞成）the idea of living a low-carbon life?It sounds tough, but it is a tendency.4) Each employee may _（认购）up to $2,000 wor
20、th of shares.11. comprehension n. 理解力，领悟能力 u；理解练习 c/u (P45, L36)beyond (ones) comprehension 不能理解，无法理解have a comprehension of 理解/了解listening/reading comprehension 听力练习/阅读理解练习comprehend vt. 理解，领悟comprehensive adj. 全部的，所有的；综合性的comprehensively adv. 完全地，彻底地典题赏析：1) His behaviour was completely _. 他的举止完全令人
21、费解。2) She _what was involved. 她不了解所涉及的事情。3) _ is very difficult for English learners.对英语学习者来说，阅读理解练习是很难的。4) They were _ (comprehend) beaten in the final.12. cease vi. & vt. & n. 停止，终止，结束 (P45, L37)cease from (doing) sth. 停止（干）某事cease doing sth. 停止干某事 （后面有可能继续进行）cease to do sth. 停止干某事（终止不再进行）cease fi
22、re 停止射击without cease 不停地，连续地Wonders will never cease. 真是无奇不有，怪事何其多。典题赏析：1) The company ceased _ (trade) at six today.2) On Jan. 1, 1992, the USSR（苏联）ceased _ (exist).3) The committee decided to cease _ financial support.4) We worked _（不停地，连续地）to fulfil our dream.5)I have cleaned my room. _（太阳怎么从西面出来
23、了）!13. abstract adj. 抽象的，抽象派的；纯理论的 (反：concrete)vt. 把抽象出，提取，抽取，分离n. 摘要，概要；抽象派艺术作品 c (P47, L5)abstract noun 抽象名词 abstract art 抽象艺术abstract.from. 从中摘录/提取/分离in the abstract 抽象地；理论上abstractly adv. 抽象地abstraction n. 抽象，抽象概念 c/u；提取，抽取，分离 c/u；出神，新神专注 uabstractionism n. 抽象主义；抽象表达 u典题赏析：1) We may talk of beau
24、tiful things but beauty itself is abstract. 意为：_2) In the lecture, the professor told his students how to write an abstract of a thesis. 意为：_3) It is known to all that rubber is abstracted from plants. 意为：_4) She _ the main points _ the argument. 她提炼出论证的要点。5) Talking about bringing up children _ is
25、not enough.仅仅从理论上谈论培养孩子是不够的。14. assumption n. 假定，假设 c；承担，担任，获得 c/u (P47, L10)make an assumption/assumptions about/that. 对做假设make an assumption/assumptions that. 假定/假设on an assumption that. 假定/假设assume vt. 假定，假设，认为；承担（责任），就职，取得（权利）assume.to be. 假定/认为是assume that. 假定assumed adj. 假定的，假设的assuming conj.
26、假设，假如，如果Assuming (that) it rains tomorrow, I wont go there. 如果明天下雨，我就不去那儿。典题赏析：1) Traditional exercises like sit-ups, press-ups and pull-ups are good for building up your strength, _ (assume) you do them properly.2) Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the _ (assume) youve
27、 made.3) It _ (assume) that stress is caused by too much work.4) We are working _ the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.5) It was impossible to make assumptions _ peoples reactions.15. occupation n. 工作，职业 u/c；消遣，业余活动 c；侵占，占领，占领期 u；使用，占用，居住 u (P48, L2)lose ones occupation 失业by occupation
28、职业上under occupation 在占领中Whats your occupation? 你的职业是什么？occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于occupy oneself with sth. 使某人忙于某事occupy oneself (in) doing sth. 使某人忙于干某事be occupied with sth. 忙于某事be occupied (in) doing sth. 忙于干某事be occupied by 被占领keep sb. occupied 使某人忙碌典题赏析：1) When you fill in the form, you must p
29、ay attention to the name, age, gender and occupation.意为：_2) Her main occupation seems to be shopping. 意为：_3) The zones under occupation contained major industrial areas. 意为：_4) The following applies only to tenants in occupation after Jan. 1, 2022. 意为：_5) She occupied herself _ routine office tasks.
30、6) She was occupied _ preparing the test, so she didnt join us.16. qualify vt. 使合格，使具备资格vi. 取得资格/学历，合格 (P48, L4)qualify as 取得的资格qualify for 有资格/有权获得qualify sb. for sth./to do sth. 使某人有资格/胜任qualified adj. 有资格的，合格的，胜任的be qualified for 对有资格，符合的条件be qualified to do sth. 有资格干某事be qualified as 有资格当qualifi
31、cation n. 资格，资历 (for) c；学历，合格证明 c；合格，达到标准，获得资格 u academic/educational/professional/vocational qualifications学术/教育/专业/职业资历 a teaching qualification 教学资格证书 a teachers qualification 教师资格证paper qualifications 书面资格证明，文凭acquire/gain/get/obtain/have/hold qualifications 获得/取得/得到/拿到/拥有/持有资格have qualification
32、s for 有的资格have qualifications to do sth. 有做某事的资格典题赏析：1) The certificate qualifies you _ (work) as a dental assistant.2) I feel sure that in terms of _ (qualify), ability and experience, you are well suited to the position we have in mind.3) He took all kinds of tests to prove he was well _ (qualify)
33、 for this important task.4) That job applicants _ as he doesnt have the relevant experience the job requires.那位求职者没有资格做这份工作，因为他没有这份工作所需的相关经验。17. competence n. 能力，胜任 c/u；技能，本领 c；(P49, B2, L17)知识范围 u；权限，管辖权 u (反：incompetence)the competence in (doing) sth. 在（干）某方面的能力within ones competence 在某人的知识/权限范围内c
34、ompetent adj. 胜任的，有能力的，称职的；合格的，不错的；有决定权的(反：incompetent)be competent in 胜任，在方面称职be competent to do sth. 胜任/有能力干某事典题赏析：1) The student gained a high level of competence _ English.2) He is very competent _ work.3) She was recommended for the post by a colleague, but turned out to be _ (competence).4) Ma
35、ke sure the firm is competent _ (carry) out the work.5) It is not _ to make such judgements. 做这种判断不在我知识范围之内。18. recreation n. 娱乐，消遣 u；娱乐活动，游戏 c (P50, L1)for recreation 为娱乐，为消遣a recreation ground/room/centre 游乐场（园）/娱乐室/娱乐中心recreational adj. 娱乐的，消遣的recreational facilities/activities/vehicles 娱乐设施/娱乐活动
36、/旅游房车典题赏析：1) More and more land is used _. 越来越多的土地用于娱乐2) Our neighbourhood has many _. 我们街区有许多娱乐设施。3) These areas are set aside for public _ (recreation) use.19. random adj. 随机的，随意的；辨认不出的，不认识的；不合常理的n. 随意，随机 u (P50, L4)a random guess 瞎猜 a random check 抽样检查 a random sample 随机抽样make a random choice 任意选
37、择at random 随意地，随机地，胡乱地randomly adv. 随意地，随机地，胡乱地典题赏析：1) The terrorists fired into the crowd _ random.2) The winning numbers are _ (random) selected by the computer.20.in/like a flash 转瞬间，立即 (P53, L10)a flash in the pan 昙花一现典题赏析：1) Just wait here. Ill be back _. 就在这里等我。我马上就回来。2) Rival record companies
38、 assumed that the group would be _.作为竞争对手的几家唱片公司认为该集团只不过是昙花一现而已。21. tight adv. 紧紧地，牢固地 （在动词后常用tight代替tightly）(P53, L14)adj. 牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的；紧身的，紧贴的紧的，拮据的；小气的，吝啬的；势均力敌的，不相上下的hold (on) tight (to) 紧紧抓住keep sth. tight shut 紧闭keep tight control over sth. 对某事严加控制keep a tight rein on sb./sth. 对严加控制/约束run a
39、 tight ship 管理有方，严加控制be a tight fit 刚好合身be tight with 对吝啬/小气in a tight spot/corner 处于困境/险境中tighten vt. 使变紧，使更牢固tightly adv. 紧紧地，牢固地；紧密地典题赏析：1)Just hold tight _ my hand and follow along. 紧紧抓住我的手，跟着我。2) I kept my eyes _ shut and hoped they would go away. 我紧闭双眼，希望他们走开。3) Money was _ and he needed a job
40、 badly. 他手头拮据，急需找到工作。4) The old man _ his money. 那位老人花钱很抠门。5) The girls dress is _. 那位姑娘的连衣裙刚好合身。6) The mother kept a tight rein _ her naughty kids. 母亲对她淘气的孩子们严加约束。7) He helped me a lot when I was _. 我处于困境时他帮了我很多。22. mature adj. 明白事理的，成熟的；发酵成熟的，酿成的；（人、树木、鸟或兽）成熟的，发育完全的 (反：immature)vt. & vi. 成熟，长成；酿成，
41、制成，发酵成熟 (P53, L15)on mature reflection/consideration 经过深思熟虑，经过慎重考虑maturely adv.maturity n. 成熟；成年；成熟期 u辨析：mature与ripe1) mature“成熟的”指人，树木、鸟、兽、计划等的成熟。a mature girl/oak/eagle/plan 成熟的女孩/橡树/鹰/计划2) ripe“成熟的”，指果实，谷类，时机等的成熟。a ripe apple 成熟的苹果The time is ripe for the news. 消息的时机成熟了。典题赏析：1) Jane is very _ for her age
