1、译林版高中英语选择性必修四课文及翻译【U1】Honesty and responsibilityReadingAfter Twenty Years二十年后The policeman on the beat walked along the streel as he always did. It was barely ten o'clock at night. When he had walked about halfway around a certain block, the policeman suddenly slowed down. In the doorway of a st
2、ore stood a man, with an unlit cigar in his mouth.巡逻的警察像往常一样沿着街道走着。当时还不到晚上十点钟。当他走了大约半个街区的时候，警察突然放慢了速度。在一家商店的门口站着一个男人，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。 “Its all right, officer,” he said. “Im just waiting for a friend. Its an appointment made two decades ago. There used to be a restaurant where this store stands Big Joe
3、Bradys restaurant.”“没事的，警官，”他说。“我只是在等一个朋友。这是20年前的约定。这家店所在的地方曾经有一家餐馆Big JoeBrady's餐厅。”“It was here until five years ago,” said the policeman. “It was torn down then.”“五年前它一直在这里，”警察说。“之后它被拆除了。”The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar. The light showed a pale face, with keen eyes, a
4、square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. His scarfpin was a large diamond, oddly set.站在门口的人划了根火柴，点燃了雪茄。光线照出一张苍白的脸，眼神锐利，方下巴，右眉毛附近有一道小小的白色伤疤。他的领巾别针是一颗大钻石，嵌得很奇怪。“Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “I dined here with Jimmy Wells, my best friend. He and I were just like two brothe
5、rs. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I left New York and traveled to the West to make my fortune. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years later, no matter what our conditions might be or what distance we might have to come from. We figured t
6、hat in twenty years each of us would have built a life and made our fortunes.“20年前的今晚，”那人说，“我和我最好的朋友吉米威尔斯在这里吃饭。他和我就像兄弟一样。我18岁，吉米20岁。 第二天早上，我离开纽约，到西部去发财。那天晚上，我们约定，20年后，无论我们的条件如何，无论我们相距多远，我们都会在这里再次见面。我们认为，在20年的时间里，我们每个人都会有自己的生活和财富。“It sounds pretty remarkable,” said the policeman. “Rather a long time
7、between meetings, though.”“听起来很有意思，”警察说。“不过会面间隔时间太长了。”“Oh, I know Jimmy will meet me here if hes alive, for he always was the truest and most reliable fellow in the world. Hell never forget. We lost contact but I came a thousand miles to stand in this doorway tonight, and its worthwhile if my old pa
8、rtner turns up.”“哦，我知道基米如果还活着，他会来这儿和我见面的，因为他一直是世界上最诚实、最可靠的人。他永远不会忘记。我们失去了联系，但我千里迢迢来到这里，今晚站在这个门口，如果我的老朋友出现，这也是值得的。”The waiting man pulled out a handsome watch, set with small diamonds. It was three minutes to ten.等候的人掏出一块镶有小钻石的漂亮手表。现在是十点差三分。“Ill be on my way,” said the policeman. “Hope your friend tu
9、rns up.”“我马上就走，”警察说。“希望你的朋友出现。”“Bye, officer.”“再见,长官。”The man who had come a thousand miles to keep an appointment with the friend of his youth smoked his cigar and waited. About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar turned up to his ears, hurried towards him.那位千里迢迢赶来赴约的青年
10、朋友抽着雪茄，等待着。大约过了二十分钟，一个穿着长大衣的高个子男人匆匆向他走来，衣领翻到耳朵上。“Is that you, Bob?” he asked, doubtfully.“是你吗，鲍勃?”他不确定地问道。“Is that you, Jimmy Wels?” shouted the man in the doorway.“是你吗，吉米威尔斯?” 门口的那个人回道。“Bless my heart!” cried the new arrival. “Well, well, well! Twenty years is a long time! How has the West treated
11、you, old man?”“天呐!这位刚到这儿的人叫道。“好家伙! 二十年真长啊! 老伙计，在西部过得咋样啊?”“It has given me everything I asked it for. Youve changed lots, Jimmy. You seem taller, at least two or three inches.”“它给了我想要的一切。你变了很多，吉米。你看起来高了，至少有两三英寸了。”“Oh, I grew a bit after I was twenty. Come on, Bob; well go to a place I know and have a
12、 good long talk about old times.”“哦，我二十岁以后还长了一些。来，鲍勃；我们找个地方好好聊聊。”The two men walked up the street, arm in arm. The man from the West was beginning to outline the history of his career. At the corner stood a drugstore, brilliant with electric lights. Each of them turned to examine the others face. Th
13、e man from the West stopped suddenly and released his arm.那两个人手挽着手沿街走着。那个从西部来的人开始概述他的职业生涯。街角有一家药店，灯火辉煌。两人都转过身来仔细打量着对方的脸。那个从西部来的人突然停了下来，松开了手臂。“As I suspected, youre not Jimmy Wells,” he said, impatiently with anger. “Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change the shape of a mans nose.
14、”“正如我所怀疑的那样，你不是吉米威尔斯，”他怒道。“二十年很长，但不足以改变一个人的鼻子形状。”“It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one,” said the tall man, taking charge of the situation. Youve been under arrest for ten minutes, Silky Bob. Chicago police thought you might have dropped over our way and wired us. They want to have a chat
15、with you. Before we go to the station, heres a note for you. Its from Patrolman Wells.”“但它有时会把一个好人变成一个坏人，”高个子男人回道。“你已经被捕十分钟了，滑头鲍勃。芝加哥警方认为你可能顺道来过，给我们发了电报。他们想和你谈谈。在我们去警局之前，有张纸条给你。是巡警威尔斯发来的。”The man from the West unfolded the paper. The note was rather short.那个从西部来的人打开了那张纸。 这封信写得很短：“Bob: I was at the a
16、ppointed place on time. When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago. Anyhow I couldnt arrest you myself, so l got a plain-clothes man to do the job. JIMY.”(Adapted from O. Henrys short story of the same title)鲍勃:我准时到了约定的地点。当你划火柴点燃雪茄时，我看到那正是芝加
17、哥通缉的罪犯的脸。无论如何我不能亲自逮捕你，所以我找了个便衣来处理这件事。吉米”改编自欧亨利同名短篇小说Extended readingTaking responsibility担起责任Honoured guests, friends, teachers and students, it is my pleasure and privilege to welcome you here today and present my thoughts on this very special occasion.尊敬的来宾、朋友、老师和同学们，我很高兴和荣幸今天在这里欢迎你们，并在这个非常特殊的时刻和你
18、们谈谈我的想法。Students, the time has arrived for you to fully accept your passage into adulthood. I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into the confident young adults who sit before me today, ready to embrace the next phase of your lives. I am sure that you are both excited and anxious abou
19、t the new experiences that are in store for you. However, you need not worry, for I know that you are all responsible young people, well prepared and well equipped to successfully manage the challenges of the years ahead.同学们，你们完全接受自己进入成年的时刻已经到来了。我看到你们从紧张的高一学生成长为今天坐在我面前的自信的年轻人，准备迎接你们生活的下一个阶段。我相信你们对即将
20、到来的新经历既兴奋又焦虑。不过，你们不必担心，因为我知道你们都是负责任的年轻人，准备充分，准备充分，能够成功地应付今后几年的挑战。During your time at school, you have grown to understand the importance of a well-developed sense of responsibility. You accept that you are responsible for your successes and your failures. Hopefully, you have learnt to treat responsi
21、bility, not as a weight that burdens you, but rather as a foundation which will support your future development. A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and the winds; likewise, a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviours
22、.在你们上学的这段时间里，你们已经明白了发展良好的责任感的重要性。你承认你要为自己的成功和失败负责。希望你们已经学会了对待责任，而不是把它当作负担你们的包袱，而是支持你们未来发展的基础。没有锚的船，任凭风浪摆布；同样，一个没有责任感的人也会受自己粗心大意行为的支配。As students, you must take your studies seriously and accept responsibility for your own learning. Taking responsibility means meeting deadlines for your school work,
23、following your teachers guidance and, of course, always aiming for academic excellence. However, your responsibilities go far beyond your studies. As you go through your daily life, you will encounter many difficult situations where things will go wrong. Instead of being quick to blame others, analy
24、se the problem and, if it is indeed your own fault, be ready to admit your mistake and then correct it. This way, you practise the virtue of courage. AIways give your best in whatever you set out to do, however difficult that might be. This way, you practise the virtue of determination. Be honest by
25、 saying what you mean and by meaning what you say. This way, you practise the virtue of integrity. Taking responsibility in all aspects of your everyday life, therefore, will help build a strong character.作为学生，你必须认真对待你的学习，接受自己的承担的学习责任。承担责任意味着要在最后期限前完成学业，听从老师的指导，当然，还要始终追求卓越。然而，你的责任远远超出了你的学业。在你的日常生活中，
26、你会遇到很多事情会出错的困难情况。不要急于指责别人，分析问题，如果确实是你自己的错，要准备好承认错误，然后改正它。这样，你就锻炼了勇气的美德。无论你着手去做什么，无论有多难，都要全力以赴。这样，你就练习了决心的美德。诚实地说出你的意思和你所说的意思。这样，你就锻炼了正直的美德。因此，在日常生活的各个方面承担责任，将有助于塑造一个坚强的性格。Apart from personal development, assuming responsibility for your actions is also important for the betterment of society. Societ
27、y is an organic whole and, as social beings, we have a responsibility to help make it better. You may have heard the story of the small boy who tried to save starfish left on the beach after a storm, by throwing them back into the ocean, Passers-by told him that he was wasting his time, for he could
28、 not possibly save them all. However, the boy was not discouraged, believing that he could make a difference to the ones that he saved. As a result, the passers-by felt inspired and joined him that in saving the starfish. Similarly, the little things you do can make a difference! For example, pickin
29、g up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to a cleaner environment. Reporting a speeding car helps ensure road safety. Being energy-efficient leads lo savings of our precious natural resources. Doing volunteer work at a local nursing home brings love and warmth to the elderly. Just like the
30、 “starfish boy”, you may even inspire people around you to do the same, which might be considered an added bonus. Working together, we have the power to gradually but continuously change our society for the better.除了个人发展，为自己的行为承担责任对社会的改善也很重要。社会是一个有机的整体，作为社会人，我们有责任帮助改善它。你可能听过一个小男孩的故事，他在暴风雨后试图把落在海滩上的海
31、星扔回大海。路人告诉他，他是在浪费时间，因为他不可能把它们都救回来。然而，这个男孩并没有气馁，他相信他可以让那些被他拯救的人有所改变。结果，路过的人都受到启发，和他一起去救海星。同样，你做的小事情也能带来不同！例如，捡起周围的垃圾有助于清洁环境。报告超速车辆有助于确保道路安全。节能意味着节约我们宝贵的自然资源。 在当地的养老院做志愿者可以给老人带来爱和温暖。就像“海星男孩”一样，你们甚至可以激励身边的人也同样去做，这也是种额外的收获。通过共同努力，我们有能力逐步而持续地改变社会，使之变得更好。So, dear students, take your first step into the ad
32、ult world by accepting your responsibilities, so that adulthood will be an enjoyable and rewarding experience for both you and those around you. Sometimes, responsibilities may weigh heavily on you. However, just as the Chinese saying goes, “Jade is good for nothing if not carved.”所以，亲爱的同学们，请接受你们的责任
33、，踏出你们迈入成人世界的第一步，这样，成年对你们和你们周围的人来说都将是一段愉快而有益的经历。有时，责任可能会沉重地压在你们身上。 然而，正如中国谚语所说，“玉不琢不成器”。A man cannot be perfected without trials. Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow. I wish you every success in your adult life!一个人不经过考验就不能臻于完美。今天播下成功的种子，明天就会有更大的收获。祝你们成年后事事顺利!【U2】Und
34、erstanding each otherEffective communication有效沟通If you heard someone shout, “Hey you!” from across the room, how would you react? Just these two words can carry much information. They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile. When
35、spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention. Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them. So, lets look a little deeper into the topic of communication.如果你听到有人喊:“嘿，你! ，你会有什么反应? 仅仅这两个词就能传达很多信息。 这句话可以被理解为来自亲密朋友的
36、欢迎问候，尤其是伴随着温柔的微笑。 当陌生人和你说话时，它们可以作为一种吸引你注意力的方式。我们交流的内容不仅取决于我们使用的词语，还取决于我们如何使用它们。 所以，让我们更深入地了解一下沟通这个话题。Communication is the exchange of information between a sender and a receiver. The sender encodes a message and sends it face to face, or through video, telephone, mail or social media. This message i
37、s then received and decoded by the receiver. In response, the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback. This feedback is decoded by the original sender and the entire cycle repeats itself until they have finished communicating.沟通是发送者和接收者之间的信息交换。 发送者对信息进行编码，然后面对面发送，或者通
38、过视频、电话、邮件或社交媒体。 然后这个信息被接收方接收并解码。 作为响应，接收方发送一个编码后的消息，这被称为反馈。 这个反馈被最初的发送者解码，整个循环不断重复，直到他们完成交流。This complex process can be challenging but, with practice and patience, you can become a highly competent communicator. To accomplish this, you need to know with whom you are communicating. What is their age
39、 or job position? What is their relationship to you? What expectations and cultural background do they have? Once you have obtained this information, you can then use it to determine how best to communicate with them. Depending on if you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member, or c
40、o-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation. Furthermore, you will need to determine the appropriate style to use and how complex your choice of words should be. For example, if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal, you
41、 should do it face to face, using formal language, in a straightforward manner.这个复杂的过程可能是有挑战性的，但是，通过练习和耐心，你可以成为一个非常有能力的沟通者。 要做到这一点，你需要知道你在和谁交流。 他们的年龄或职位是什么? 他们和你是什么关系? 他们有什么样的期望和文化背景? 一旦你获得了这些信息，你就可以用它来决定如何与他们沟通。这取决于你在与陌生人、朋友、家人或同事交流时，需要决定哪种交流渠道最适合这种情况。此外，您还需要确定要使用的适当的风格以及您选择词汇的复杂程度。 例如，如果你是一个商务人士，正
42、在与一家大企业谈判一笔交易，你应该面对面，使用正式语言，以一种直截了当的方式进行谈判。Your body language is equally important, since it reveals a lot about your thoughts and attitudes. Make sure it clearly supports the message you want to deliver. A smile shows you are attentive to the issues you are discussing, while looking away with your
43、arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or cause friction. Additionally, you should not ignore the other persons body language, which will give you clues as to whether the conversation is going well or not. When you notice a change in the other persons body language, you should adju
44、st how you are communicating accordingly. If someone looks at you with a confused expression, this could indicate that they have not completely understood your point. You will need to clarify your message before moving on.你的肢体语言同样重要，因为它透露了很多你的想法和态度。 确保它清楚地支持您想要传递的消息。 微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注，而双臂交叉望向别处则表示不感兴
45、趣、产生不信任或引起摩擦。 此外，你不应该忽视对方的肢体语言，它会给你一些线索，让你知道谈话是否进行得顺利。 当你注意到对方的肢体语言有变化时，你应该相应地调整你的沟通方式。 如果有人带着困惑的表情看着你，这可能表明他们没有完全理解你的观点。 在继续之前，你需要阐明你的信息。While being knowledgeable about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not be understated. Seek to understand the other persons emotions, by putting
46、yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective. Some issues may be complicated and you may be confused about why others feel or act the way they do. If you give serious consideration to their points of view, however, you will be able to see what accounts for their emotio
47、ns and empathize with them. You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from, which means you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words. Suppose you are discussing a project with your partner, who has just lost an important basketball game and i
48、s inactive. To engage him or her in the discussion and make your communication more effective, you may express your sympathy by, for instance, saying, “I understand how you feel.”虽然了解肢体语言至关重要，但同理心的价值也不应被低估。 试着理解对方的情绪，设身处地地从他们的角度来看问题。 有些问题可能很复杂，你可能会困惑为什么其他人会有这样的感觉或行为。 然而，如果你认真考虑他们的观点，你就能看到是什么导致了他们的情绪
49、，并与他们产生共鸣。 你可能不赞成他们的想法，但至少你会看到他们的想法，这意味着你可以调整自己的语气和用词。 假设你正在和你的伙伴讨论一个项目，他刚刚输了一场重要的篮球比赛，很不活跃。 为了让他或她参与讨论，使你的沟通更有效，你可以表达你的同情，例如，说:“我理解你的感受.”。Effective communication will allow you to tackle differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others. Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain other peoples respect, allowing relationships t
