1、Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson 1 To clone or Not to Clone2021-2022学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册随堂检测一、填空1.If you undertake the project, you are b_ to encounter difficulties.2.They a_ their power and bullied the people, thus arousing intense discontent among the masses.3.The number on the card should be i_ wi
2、th the one on the chequebook.4.the HAPPY TO CHAT benches help break down the invisible social b_ that keeps people from saying hello.5.It made them forget that cloning is nothing more than a_ creating twins.6.Winning this contract is _(至关重要的) to the success of the company.7.Social media firms were e
3、xposing children to major _(情感的) risks, with the tremendous pressure they faced online.8.One nonprofit organisation, which monitors the _(治疗) of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year.9.It is difficult to make _(比较） with her previous bookthey are co
4、mpletely different.10.Although theyre expensive, they last _(长久地) and never go out of style.二、七选五 Mammals(哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3. Modern man has a brain averaging 1,200 - 1,400 cm3. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it come
5、s to brain power, more must be better. _ The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drainconsumption of energyon the body. Its not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull (颅骨). Its even harder to provide energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3% of total body w
6、eight, but it consumes 25% of the bodys energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes(类人猿) require only 8% of energy when they are at rest. Early humans paid for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search of food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller
7、 and weaker._A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) cant win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll._ Standing up, its easier to find food or enemies. In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As
8、a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands._The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had
9、to support an extra large skull. Humankind paid for broad vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks. We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages._ But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creatures. Thu
10、s humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.A.Unfortunately, that is not the case.B.Yet walking upright has its disadvantage.C.However, it results in certain growing pains.D.Actually, further more needs to be f
11、ound out and tested.E.Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright.F.Its hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive.G.It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth.三、阅读理解 Kieron Graham always knew he had an older brother. His ad
12、option papers, signed and sealed when he was three months old, listed a sibling named Vincent but no last name. Though Kieron spent years thinking about Vincent, he could never track him down. That changed in December 2017, when Kierons adoptive parents gave their four adopted children DNA tests as
13、Christmas gifts. Kieron, now 21, sent his saliva sample in for analysis. When his results came back, he was stunned to find he had a slew of DNA matches for relatives who had also taken the test. Most were distant connections, but one match was so strong that it was labeled close family. His name wa
14、s Vincent Ghant. Kieron looked for him on Facebook and soon made a possible connection. This is going to sound so wild but I think youre my brother, Kieron wrote on Facebook Messenger. I was adopted in 1997 and it says on my paperwork that my mother has a son with your name and your birth date. Her
15、name is Shawn. Oh, do you know your real name? wrote Vincent, now 30. I think it was Tyler. YES! You are my brother. Wow, wrote Kieron. This is crazy, said Vincent. The craziness was just beginning. As they talked, the brothers realised they lived about 20 minutes from each other, outside of Atlanta
16、. More mind-blowing, they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects: political science and legal studies. What are the odds were separated from each other and then end up at the same school with the same interests? says Kieron. Vincent was nine when Kieron was born an
17、d remembers caring for his baby brother. But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked over 15 hours a day as a nurse, decided that putting Kieron up for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed. Now the brothers had the chance to make up for lost time. They decided to meet at a local tea sh
18、op that week. I was really nervous, says Kieron. I was wondering what I should say, what I should do. As he waited outside the shop, he heard someone call his name, and he suddenly found himself in a hug with the brother hed thought about in his entire life. The men went inside and talked. We connec
19、ted, says Vincent, like we already knew each other.1.What does the underlined word mind-blowing in Paragraph 9 probably mean?A.Desperate.B.Grateful.C.Ridiculous.D.Surprising.2.Which of the following statements is true about the two brothers?A.Kieron was adopted as soon as he was born.B.They grew in
20、different environments but had a similar educational background.C.Kieron had met Vincent before as they lived quite close to each other.D.It was rather difficult for Kieron to track down his own brother after the DNA test.3.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Adopted children usually show deeper
21、 affection for their birth family.B.Vincent lives with his mother all the time.C.Kierons mother was unwilling to give him up but she had no choice.D.The four adopted children have found their birth family after the DNA tests.答案以及解析一、填空1.答案：bound2.答案：abused3.答案：identical4.答案：barrier5.答案：artificially6
22、.答案：crucial7.答案：emotional8.答案：treatment9.答案：comparison10.答案：forever二、七选五答案：AFEBG解析：考查上下文语境。根据前一句We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better.可知,涉及脑力的时候,我们会觉得智商越高越好。根据第二段第一句The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drainconsumption of ene
23、rgyon the body.可知,事实上,大的脑容量对身体能量而言是巨大的消耗。由此可知,空格处与上文是转折关系,所以A项Unfortunately, that is not the case. (不幸的是,事实并非如此)承上启下,符合语境。 考查上下文语境。根据上文Early humans paid for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search of food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker.可知,早期,人类花更多的时间
24、寻找食物,人类的肌肉越来越弱小。F项Its hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive.提到这几乎不是很好的生存方式,与上文衔接紧密,符合语境。考查段落主题句。根据后一句Standing up, its easier to find food or enemies.可知,直立行走使人类更容易发现食物或敌人。E项 Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. (人类的另一个特点是我们直立行走)能概括下文内容。考查段落主题句。根据后面的Ad
25、justing to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra large skull.可知,调整到直立的姿势是一个很大的挑战,特别是当骨头必须支撑一个超大的头骨时。B项Yet walking upright has its disadvantage.(但直立行走也有缺点)能概括本段内容。考查上下文语境。G项It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal
26、on earth.(显然,这些使人类成为地球上最强大的动物)中的 these指代上文的huge advantages,且与上文紧密衔接,故G项符合语境。三、阅读理解答案：1-3.DBC解析：1.词义猜测题。根据后文.they attended the same university and majored and minored in the same subjects: political science and legal studies.可知,失散的兄弟俩居然在同一所大学上学,主修和辅修同样的科目,但是他们之前都不知道,这是很令人惊讶的。由此可知,画线词意为“令人惊讶的(surprisi
27、ng)。 desperate令人绝望的;grateful感谢的;ridiculous可笑的。故选D项。2.细节理解题。兄弟俩中的一个被人收养,所以俩人在不同的生活环境中长大,但后来却在同一所大学学习,并且主修和辅修同样的科目。由此可知,两人的教育背景相似,故B项They grew in different environments but had a similar educational background. 正确。3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的But times were tough, and Shawn, who worked over 15 hours a day as a nurse, decided that putting Kieron up for adoption would give him the best chance to succeed. 可知,Shawn作为一名护士每天工作超过15个小时,当时的生活很艰难,于是决定把Kieron送给别人收养,给他成功的最好机会。由此可推知, Kieron的母亲不愿意与他断绝关系,但她别无选择。故选C项。
