1、Unit 9 Human Biology Topic Talk2021-2022学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册随堂检测一、填空1.From his grades, I i_ that he was a good student.2.Marx did for the development of society what Darwin did for the development of the b_.3.This simply means that the user is not a passive consumer, but an active p_.4.Surrounde
2、d by peoples misunderstanding, he was at a loss what to say to j_ himself.5.Animals in the zoo have lost the c_ to catch food for themselves.6.The popular sports in the country are boxing, cycling and _(田径运动).7.And when you choose to connect with others under stress, you can create _(适应力).8.Our miss
3、ion is to use Internet-related technologies for the _(改善) of human life.9.We are always trying our best to improve and _(创新) products.10.however, biologists _(推算) that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.二、七选五How to Activate Brain Cells Scientists used to think that your brain stoppe
4、d growing new cells once you reached adulthood. Happily, current research shows that it isnt true! As you get older, you can continue to grow new brain cells. Get regular aerobic(有氧的) exercise. Research shows that regular aerobic exercise over a long period of time can better improve brain cells gro
5、wth than other forms of exercise. Add aerobic activities such as swimming, power walking, or jogging, to your regular routine. _ Do stress-relieving activities. Activities that reduce stress and give you a sense of well-being can encourage the growth of new brain cells._ You can do some yoga, read y
6、our favorite book, or listen to relaxing music. _ Antioxidant-rich(富含抗氧化物的) foods can prevent damage to your current brain cells and promote the growth of new, healthy cells. Omega-3 fatty acids may also help improve your brains health. Add plenty of brain-boosting foods to your diet, such as vegeta
7、ble oil, nuts, green tea, blueberries and fatty fish. Maintain an active social life. _ Its also good for your brain. Socializing helps keep your brain cells active, preventing some of the loss of brain function. If you cant socialize in person, reach your friends over the phone or on social media.
8、Get plenty of good-quality sleep. If youre an adult, try to get 7 - 9 hours of sleep each night. If youre a teen, aim for 8-10 hours. Your brain heals itself of the days stresses while you sleep._ You can improve your sleep by going to bed and waking up at the same time every day.A. Spending time wi
9、th friends isnt just enjoyable.B. Eat foods rich in antioxidants and omega 3 fatty acids.C. Any kind of head injury may put you at risk of brain damage.D. Try to do things that bring you pleasure and help you relax every day.E. For example, you might aim for 30 minutes of jogging a day, 5 days a wee
10、k.F. Fortunately, there are treatments that can help you restore your brains health.G. It also processes information you picked up during the day, helping you to learn and preserve new memories.三、阅读理解 You carry 1.3 kg fatty material in your head that controls everything you will ever do. This fantas
11、tic control center lets you think, learn, create, and feel emotions. It also controls everything your body does. What is this amazing machine? Its your brain a structure so amazing that the famous scientist James Watson called it the most complex thing we have yet discovered in our universe. Imagine
12、 your cat jumped onto the kitchen counter, and was about to step onto a hot stove. You would have only few seconds to act. In situations like this, your brain reads the signals from your eyes and quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you need to run to save her. Then it tells your muscles
13、 to move. No computer can match your brains great ability to download, process, and react to the flood of information from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs. If a bee lands on your foot, sensory neurons (感觉神经元) in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than 240 kilom
14、eters per hour. Your brain then uses motor neurons (运动神经元) to send a message back to your foot: Shake the bee off quickly! Motor neurons can send this information at more than 320 kilometers per hour!Your brain has about 100 billion tiny cells: neurons it would take you more than 3 ,000 years if you
15、 tried to count them all. Whenever you dream, laugh, think, see or move, tiny chemical and electrical signals are racing between these neurons along billions of tiny neuron pathways. Believe it or not, the activity in your brain never stops. Countless messages fly around inside it every second, like
16、 a super-fast game of table tennis. Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the entire world. And although a single neuron produces only a tiny amount of electricity, all your neurons together can produce enough electricity to power a light bulb.1.What does the most complex
17、 thing mean?A.A supercomputer.B.Human brains.C.The universe.D.Our emotions.2.What can we know from the passage?A.Brains can download more information than any computer.B.The cat plays an important role in testing human brain power.C.Motor neurons in human brains serve to send messages.D.Your brains
18、can use neurons to send messages back faster than bees.3.The author mentions to power a light bulb in Para. 4 to show _.A.neurons can create lots of messagesB.how many active tiny cells the brain haveC.how much electricity the brain can produceD.there is countless information in the brain4.What is t
19、he main idea of the passage?A.The powerful brain is a wonderful machine.B.Brains work well in controlling body movements.C.The brain is the most complex structure in the universe.D.Human brains are made up of numerous neurons.答案以及解析一、填空1.答案：inferred2.答案：biology3.答案：participant4.答案：justify5.答案：capabi
20、lity6.答案：athletics7.答案：resilience8.答案：betterment9.答案：innovate10.答案：calculate二、七选五答案：EDBAG解析：考查上下文语境。本段建议进行有规律的有氧运动,长时间有规律的有氧运动比其他形式的运动更能刺激脑细胞的生长。上句提到在日常生活中增加一些有氧运动,如游泳、步行或慢跑。E项For example, you might aim for 30 minutes of jogging a day, 5 days a week.是对上句运动的具体实施建议,符合语境。 考查上下文语境。本段建议做减压的活动。上句提到减轻压力、给你
21、带来幸福感的活动可以促进新的脑细胞生长。D项Try to do things that bring you pleasure and help you relax every day.表示要尝试每天做一些能带来快乐和使你放松的事情,承接上句句意。且bring you pleasure和上句中的give you a sense of well-being语境一致,help you relax和上句中的reduce stress语境一致。考查段落主题句。下文提到富含抗氧化剂的食物可以防止损害现有的脑细胞,促进新的健康细胞的生长。-3脂肪酸也可以帮助改善你的大脑健康。文章建议我们多食用富含这些的食物
22、。B项Eat foods rich in antioxidants and omega 3 fatty acids.表达了此意,概括了本段的大意。考查上下文语境。本段建议我们要保持积极健康的社交生活,空后提到这对大脑也有好处,根据also可知空格处应该说明对其他方面的好处。A项Spending time with friends isnt just enjoyable.表达了此意,与下句并列,符合语境。考查上下文语境。本段建议我们要享受高质量的生活。空前提到睡眠时人的大脑会从白天的压力中恢复过来,说明了睡眠对大脑的好处之一。G项It also processes information you
23、 picked up during the day, helping you to learn and preserve new memories.与上句并列,说明睡眠对大脑的另一好处是可以处理白天获取的信息,帮助你学习和保存新的记忆。三、阅读理解答案：1-4.BCCA解析：1.考查细节理解。依据第一段的尾句可知,著名科学家James Watson称我们的大脑为我们迄今在宇宙中发现的最复杂的东西,因此选B。2.考查细节理解。依据第三段的内容可知,当事情发生时,感觉神经元会将信息传入大脑,大脑再通过运动神经元反馈回肢体,肢体会作出相应的反应,所以运动神经元是用来传递信息的,故选C。3.考查推理判断。依据第四段尾句可知,作者提及此是为了说明大脑可以产生多少电能,故选C。4.考查主旨大意。通读全文可知,文章第一段点明了主题:大脑。下面几段具体介绍了人类大脑的工作原理,所以本文主要讲述了神奇的大脑,故选A。
