Unit1 topic talk讲义（教师版+学生版）-（2022）新北师大版高中英语必修第一册.rar

1Unit1 Topic talk1stressful adj充满压力的，紧张的stress nU, C压力 v强调stressed adj焦虑的，紧张的 2challenging adj富有挑战性的challenge nC挑战 vt向挑战challenger nC挑战者3differ vi不同，不一样，有区别difference nC,U差别；差异；不同（之处）different adj不同的4previous adj以前的，先前的previously adv以前，先前5expectation nU, C预料，预期；期待expect vt期待6confidence nU自信，信心；信赖confident adj自信的confidently adv自信地7competence nU, C能力，胜任competent adj有能力的 8pressure nU压力press vt.按，压9recover vi恢复健康，康复recovery nU,C, usually sing.恢复10injury nC, U伤，损害injure vt损害11unfortunately adv不幸地，令人遗憾地fortunately adv幸运地重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词1.senior【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)adj. 较高的，高级的；年长的；级别较高的，高级的；年长的；级别(或地位或地位)高的高的senior high(school) 高中senior citizen 老年人(委婉说法，尤指退休者)be senior to sb.比某人年长；比某人的地位/职位高My brother Bob is senior to me by two years.我哥哥鲍勃比我大两岁。He is also a teacher, but senior to me. 他也是一名教师，但级别比我高。(2)n. C较较年长的人；级别年长的人；级别(或地位或地位)较高者，上司；中学生较高者，上司；中学生It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。Jenny is lively and hard-working, and has been praised by her seniors in the company.珍妮活泼、勤奋，得到了公司上司的表扬。注意：注意：senior 本身已含有比较意义，所以它没有比较级和最高级形式。此外，表示比较时其后用 to 而不用 than.【拓展拓展】junior adj. 地位地位(或职位、级别或职位、级别)低下的；青少年的；低年级的低下的；青少年的；低年级的 n.C职位较低者；青少年职位较低者；青少年junior high(school) 初中 be junior to sb. 比某人年轻；比某人级别低2【练习】1.语法填空Though he is 3 years younger than me, he is senior to me in the company.2.单句写作我叫李华，是一名高中生。I am Li Hua, a senior high school student. 我们应该尊重那些比我们年长的人。(senior) We should respect those who are senior to us. 2. schedule【用法归纳与拓展用法归纳与拓展】(1)n. C,U日程安排，工作计划日程安排，工作计划a tight schedule 日程安排很紧ahead of schedule (较预定时间)提前(= ahead of time)behind schedule (比预定时间)落后on schedule 按时间表，准时(= on time)The building was completed three months ahead of schedule. 这幢大楼提前三个月完工了。We finished the task on schedule while they did behind schedule.我们按时完成了任务而他们没有按时完成。(2)vt. 安排，预定安排，预定be scheduled for+时间 安排在某个时间be scheduled to do sth. 预计做某事The meeting has been scheduled for tomorrow afternoon.会议已安排在明天下午。The professor is scheduled to arrive in Shanghai at 10 oclock. 那位教授预计在 10 点钟抵达上海。【练习】语法填空(2020江苏宿迁调研) Most students set their alarm clocks(闹钟) to make sure they can attend online classes on schedule.Our school sports meeting is scheduled to take (take) place from next Wednesday to Friday.3.expectation3【用法归纳与拓展用法归纳与拓展】(1)n. U,C预料，预期，期待预料，预期，期待against/contrary to (all) expectation(s) 与预期的相反，(大大)出乎意料beyond(all) expectation(s) (大大)出乎意料(的)beyond(ones) expectation(s)超出(某人的)预期in (the) expectation of.期待It was an A in the exam, which was beyond my expectations. 这次考试我得了个 A，这超出了我的预期。Anne left Germany in (the) expectation of seeing her family again before very long. 安妮离开了德国，期待着很快就能与家人重逢。(2)n. C, usually pl.期望，指望；期望，指望；C usually pl.，U希望，盼望希望，盼望expectations of. 对的期望 with expectations怀着希望live up to/meet(ones) expectations达到(某人的)期望，如(某人)所愿My teachers have great expectations of me.我的老师对我有很高的期望。Tom had determined to live up to his leaders expectations.汤姆已决心不辜负领导的期望。【拓展】相关词汇拓展：expect vt.期待；预料expect to do sth. 期待/预料做某事expect sb. to do sth.期待/预计某人做某事expected adj. 预的，预期的be expected to do. 被期待做/预计会unexpected adj.出乎意料的，始料不及的unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地，意料之外地【练习】1.语法填空(天津静海一中期末) I would have attended your wedding anniversary(周年纪念日), but one of my former classmates came to visit me, which was beyond my expectation(s) (expect).4(2018全国卷完形填空改编) Lindseys husband was totally astonished by the unexpected (expected )visit.2.结合 expectation 的用法完成句子出乎所有人的意料，迈克中学毕业时成绩优异。Contrary to/ Against/ Beyond everyones expectation (s) ，Mike finished high school with good grades.4.confidence n. U信心；自信心【用法归纳用法归纳】develop confidence in (doing) sth. 培养对(做)某事的信心have/ lose confidence in sb./sth. 对有/失去信心a lack of confidence 缺乏信心with confidence 有信心地Many of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence.我们许多人喜欢先做简单的事情来建立信心。There will be no difficulty in the world that we cant overcome as long as we have confidence in ourselves.只要我们对自己有信心，世界上就没有我们克服不了的困难。They couldnt say with confidence that they can win the game. 他们不能肯定他们能赢得这次比赛。【拓展拓展】(1) confident adj. 自信的，有自信心的；确信的，有把握的自信的，有自信心的；确信的，有把握的be confident about sth. 对有信心be confident of (doing) sth. 对(做)某事有把握be confident that.确信(2) confidently adv.自信地自信地语境串记 When you are communicating with others, expressing yourself clearly and confidently will gain yourself more confidence. And keeping confident will add to your personal charm.当你与其他人交流时，清楚自信地表达自己将会使你更加自信。而且保持自信会增加你的个人魅力。【练习】1.语法填空5(2019浙江概要写作改编)By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think theyre building their childrens confidence (confident), when, in fact, it may be just the opposite(相反的).(2018天津单项填空改编) At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.(陕西高考单词拼写改编) The little girl walked confidently (confident) onto the stage, ready for her first speech2.完成句子我对她有信心，她完全能胜任这项工作。I have confidence in her . Shell be perfect for the job.多和他人交流，不要害怕犯错误，只有这样才能逐渐培养说英语的信心。Communicate more with others and dont be afraid of making mistakes. Only by this can we develop confidence in speaking English .5.all in all【用法归纳用法归纳】all in all 意为“总的说来，从各方面考虑”，是总结性用语。同义表达有 in a word, in conclusion, on the whole。All in all, her mother and I are very happy with her progress. 总而言之，我和她妈妈都为她的进步感到很高兴。【拓展】all 构成的其他短语：above all尤其是，最重要的是(强调重要性)first of all首先，第一(强调顺序)after all毕竟，终究 all at once 突然，忽然；同时in all(= in total, totally)总共，共计【练习】用 all 的相关短语完成句子The travel wasnt so perfect, but all in all I considered it a pleasant journey.I am glad to join you in this game, but first of all please allow me to introduce myself to you.Id like to rent(租) a housemodern, comfortable, and above all in a quiet neighbourhood.6. positive6【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. C, U优势，优点优势，优点Take your weaknesses and translate them into your positives. 把你自己的弱点变成优点。(2)adj. 积极乐观的，自信的；有助益的，积极的积极乐观的，自信的；有助益的，积极的a positive attitude乐观的态度be positive about.对积极乐观She tried to be more positive about her new job. 她力求对新工作更有信心。I believe that the Internet has positive effects on our lives. 我认为互联网对我们的生活有积极的影响。(3)adj. (医学检验)呈阳性的Anyone, once tested positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.任何人一旦被检测出 H7N9 禽流感病毒呈阳性，将获得政府提供的免费医疗。(福建高考)【拓展】相关词语积累positively adv. 积极地；肯定地(反义) negative adj. 消极的，负面的；不良的，有害的；结果为阴性的n. C坏的事情7.pressure n. 压力压力【用法归纳用法归纳】put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力under pressure在压力下( pressure 前无任何冠词)under the pressure of.在的压力下reduce pressure减轻压力You should remember that even the best student can make mistakes sometimes. So dont put too much pressure on yourself. 你应该记住，即使最好的学生有时也会犯错误。所以不要给自己施加太大的压力。He does not like to work under pressure or in a competitive environment.7他不愿意在压力下工作，也不愿意在竞争性的环境中工作。【练习】1.语法填空Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential (潜力) without putting too much pressure(press) on them.2.完成句子有些人在压力下工作得更好，所以适度的压力可能是有帮助的。Some people work better under pressure , so moderate pressure may be helpful.我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。I know studying is very important, but my parents put too much pressure on me .8. recover vi. 恢复健康痊愈，康复；复原，恢复常态恢复健康痊愈，康复；复原，恢复常态【用法归纳用法归纳】recover from. 从中恢复过来It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold.他患了重感冒，很长时间才恢复。【拓展】相关词语积累：recovery n. U,C, usually sing.恢复，痊愈make a quick/ slow recovery 恢复很快/缓慢 make a full recovery 完全康复【练习】语法填空I hope you can take at least one hours exercise each day after you recover from your illness. This medicine is quite beneficial(有益的) to your recovery (recover )after the operation, if you take it as told.9. injury n. U, C伤害，损伤伤害，损伤【用法归纳用法归纳】injury to对的伤害8do sb. an injury= do an injury to sb.伤害某人Mike is out of the basketball team because of a terrible head injury /a terrible injury to his head.迈克因头部受了重伤而退出了篮球队。Dont do that. Youll do yourself an injury. 别那样做，你会把自己弄伤的。【辨析比较】injury/wound/harm/hurt易混词易混词区别区别injury多指对身体、精神等的伤害，尤指意外事故中的伤害。The driver received serious injuries to the legs and arms.那位司机的双腿和双臂严重受伤。wound多指战斗、攻击中造成的伤口或心灵上的创伤。He received a bad leg wound in the battle.战斗中，他腿部受了重伤。harm多表示精神上的伤害，也可指身体上的伤害，常构成短语 do harm to“损害，伤害”和 do sb. harm “对某人有害”。I mean no harm to her. 我对她并无恶意。hurt普通用语，多指肉体的疼或对心灵的伤害。This failure was a great hurt to me. 这次失败对我而言是个很大的伤害。【拓展】相关词语积累：【练习】1.语法填空My brother took part in the football match in spite of the injury to his left leg.9He tried his best to comfort the injured (injure) and told them help was on the way.2.选词填空: wound/hurt/harm/ injuryIf penicillin(青霉素) had not been available, many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds in World War .Coach, can I continue with the training?Sorry, you cant, as you havent recovered from the knee injury . Smoking does great harm to his health; whats worse, last week his girlfriends leaving was a great hurt to him.10. challenge【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. C挑战挑战face a challenge 面临挑战 take up / accept a challenge 接受挑战meet a challenge 迎接挑战When you face a challenge, you must believe you can overcome it and never give up. 当你面临挑战的时候，你必须坚信你会克服它，而且绝对不放弃。He was very confident and always ready to accept/ take up any challenge.他很自信，总是随时准备好接受任何挑战。Life is a challenge, and only those who meet the challenge truly know what it means.生活是一个挑战，只有那些迎接挑战的人才能真正体会其意义。(2)vt. 向向挑战；对挑战；对表示怀疑表示怀疑 challenge sb. to sth.向某人挑战某事，邀请某人比赛某事challenge sb. to do sth.向某人挑战做某事Mary challenged me to another tennis game. 玛丽邀请我和她再比一场网球。Nowadays no one will challenge the fact that the earth goes round the sun.10现在没有人会对地球绕着太阳转这一事实表示怀疑。语境串记 There is a challenge from Class Two. They want to challenge us to a basketball game, so we have to be ready to meet the challenge next week. 二班(向我们)发起了挑战。他们想邀请我们跟他们比一场篮球，所以我们必须做好准备，下周迎接这个挑战。【拓展】相关词语积累:challenger n.C挑战者 challenging adj.挑战性的【练习】1.语法填空I, as the first challenger in my class, challenged Li Hua, who was good at English, to learn 100 new words by heart within half an hour. It was really a challenging thing, and he gladly accepted the challenge . Much to my happiness, I beat him in the end. (challenge)2.完成句子当我面临挑战时，我总会对自己说一句简单的话“做你自己”。When I face challenges , I always say to myself the simple words “Be yourself”.昨天下午我们班里的女孩们邀请男孩们打一场篮球赛。The girls in our class challenged the boys to a basketball game yesterday afternoon.11. arise【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vi. 出现，发生；(由)引起，(因)产生 arise from/ out of. 由引起，因产生We should always keep in mind that accidents arise from carelessness while driving. 我们应该一直牢记开车时粗心大意会引发事故。(2)vi. 起立，起身，起床I was to arise to answer the doorbell when the phone rang.我正要起身去开门，突然电话响了。The newspaper deliverers have to arise before dawn every day. 送报人每天黎明前就得起床。11【辨析】arise/rise/raise易混词易混词区别区别arise(arose,arisen)vi. 意为“出现，产生”时，主语多为抽象名词。A new difficulty has arisen. 新的困难出现了。rise(rose,risen)vi. “升起，上升；起立”，说明主语自身移向较高的位置，既表示具体又表示抽象的动作。如：日、月等的升起，人从跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来。rise 还有“(数量)增加”之意。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起在西方落下。He looked at Lucy and Mark, who had risen to greet him. 他看着站起来跟他打招呼的露西和马克。raise(raised,raised)vt. “举起，提起，提升”，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。 raise 还有“养育；筹募；提高(数量，水平)”之意。She raised her finger to her lips as a sign of silence.她举起一根手指放在唇边，示意安静。Were raising money for charity.我们在进行慈善募捐。【练习】1.判断下列句子中 arise 的含义Are there any matters arising from the minutes of the last meeting? 由引起Misunderstanding is likely to arise if people fail to communicate with each other. 出现，发生 Seeing the teacher walking into the classroom, all the students arose immediately. 起立 2.选词填空: arise/rise/ raise In class, the students usually raise their hands first and then rise to answer the teachers questions. In this game youre supposed to work together as a team and solve the problems as they arise . With the level of haze(霾) raising greatly, many people work to raise public awareness(意识) of environmental protection.重点句型分析重点句型分析1. What is also very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules.(听力材料，教材听力材料，教材 P6) 12同样非常不同的是，同一个班级的学生可以有不同的课程表。【句式剖析】本句的结构分析如下：What is also very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules.What 引导的主语从句，What 在从句中作主语that 引导的表语从句【考点提炼】that 导的表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。that 引导表语从句时，在从句中无具体含义，也不作任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但通常不省略。The reason why a lot of young people come to this big city is that they want to seek happiness as well as success.很多年轻人来到这座大城市的原因是他们想寻求幸福和成功。What impressed me most at the concert was that such a little boy could play the violin so well.这场音乐会给我留下最深刻印象的是那样小的一个男孩小提琴竟拉得那么好。【练习】语法填空(北京高考单项填空改编) The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.(天津耀华中学模考) The only problem is that we kept getting lost! But people in TianJin are very friendly and helpful.2. Well, a doctors life can be quite stressful as I have many patients to see.(听力材料，教材听力材料，教材 P7)嗯，医生的生活是非常有压力的，因为我要给很多病人看病。【句式剖析】本句的结构分析如下：Well, a doctors life can be quite stressful as I have many patients to see.主句 as 引导的原因状语从句【考点提炼】as 引导的原因状语从句as 引导原因状语从句，表示“因为，由于”。常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。as 在引导原因状语从句时一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化。As she wrote hurriedly, she didnt notice the spelling errors.因为写得仓促，她没有注意到其中的拼写错误。She may need some help as she is new. 她可能需要一些帮助，因为她是新来的。13【练习】结合 as 的用法完成句子我每天都在使用英语，并花一个小时在图书馆里读英文书，因此我的英语有了很大进步。My English has improved a lot as I use English every day and spend an hour each day reading English books in the library基础练知识巩固建议时间：基础练知识巩固建议时间：15 分钟分钟一、单词拼写一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词用本部分所学单词)1.(2020天津市第一中学月考) Dont give up. Instead, you should always take a positive attitude towards your future.2.(浙江宁波效实中学期中) British English differs from American English in many aspects, such as spelling, pronunciation and so on.3. It took her a long time to recover from her heart operation.4.(2020海南中学期末) We faced a series of challenges (挑战) during the competition, but finally we won first prize.5. The job applicant must have good communication skills, and previous (以前的) working experience.6. The driver of the truck suffered injuries (伤) to his legs and arms.7. Most people only have a limited amount of leisure (闲暇)time.8.(天津一中期末) I cant see you next week because my schedule (日程表) is very tight.9.(山东青岛期中) Thank you for sharing this encouraging story with us, which has increased our confidence (信心)and passion.10. We tried to get tickets, but unfortunately (令人遗憾地)they were already sold out.二、语法填空。二、语法填空。在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. He has worked for nearly 20 years, so he is senior to most of his colleagues(同事).2. (山东师大附中期中) The exhibition(展览会) is scheduled to run (run)from January until March.3. Considering the injuries hes had, there can be little expectation (expect)of him winning the race.4. The determined look on his face showed that he had confidence in himself.5.(2020山东滨州期末) Challenges like this are likely to put you under great pressure.146. To our great joy, the boy is recovering from his illness.7.(山东师范大学附中期中) In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging (challenge).8. We should not mind what others say so long as we are confident about what we have done.9. What surprised me most was that such a little boy of seven could play the piano so well.10. Encouraging (encourage) children to stay in touch with nature, I think, will benefit(使受益) them in the long run.三、完成句子三、完成句子1.总的说来，我觉得你做得很不错。(all)All in all , I think youve done very well.2.那位老人的手术将如期进行。(s