Unit2 TOPIC TALK & LESSON1 讲义（含练习）-（2022）新北师大版高中英语必修第一册.rar

1高中英高中英语语必修一必修一 Unit 2 TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1U2TT&L1 Section 1 Core Words in Use1. prefer v. _/prf(r)/Translation(1) Coffee or tea? Id prefer tea, thanks._ prefer A to B 与与B相比，更喜相比，更喜欢欢A(2) I much _ jazz _ rock music. 我喜欢爵士乐远胜过摇滚乐。prefer to do sth更愿意做某事更愿意做某事I _ _ travel by train. 我更愿意乘火车旅行。prefer sb/sth to do sth宁愿某人做某事宁愿某人做某事Would you _ _ _ stay? 你愿意我留下来吗？prefer doing sth更喜更喜欢欢做某事做某事I _ playing in defence. 我喜欢打防守。Word family: _ adj. _ n.I have a _ for country life. 我偏爱乡村生活。2. rather adv. _ /r(r)/NOTE2rather than 而不是而不是(1) 我想要冷饮，不要咖啡。I think Ill have a cold drink _ _ coffee.would rather do A (than) do B(2) 她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。She _ _ die _ give a speech.3. underdog n. _ /ndd/ Translation(1) Before the game we were definitely the underdogs. _Opposite: overdog 占上占上风风者者Idioms with “dog”be raining cats and dogs 下下倾倾盆大雨盆大雨a dogs life 悲惨的生活；牛悲惨的生活；牛马马不如的生活不如的生活Every dog has his/its day. 人人皆有得意人人皆有得意时时(you cant) teach an old dog new tricks 老大（不）可教；（无法）改老大（不）可教；（无法）改变变人人们长时间们长时间形成的思想形成的思想（或做事方法等）（或做事方法等）4. defeat vt. & n. _ NOTENOTE3/dfit/Translation(1) The goal is to defeat the enemy by whatever means possible. _defeat sb by sth(2) 戴维斯在半决赛中以 8 分击败莫里斯。Davis _ Morris _ eight points in the semi-final. 5. try out _ Translation(1) Theyre trying out a new presenter for the show._Expressions with trytry doing sth尝试尝试做某事做某事(2) 他试着做蛋糕让她更开心。_try your best/hardest (to do sth)尽全力做某事尽全力做某事(3) 她尽了最大的努力解决这个问题。She _ _ _ _ _ the problem. try on试试穿穿(4) 鞋子要先穿上试一试再买。_ the shoes _ before you buy them. NOTENOTE46. desire n. & v. _ /dza(r)/Translation(1) He now had enough money to satisfy all his desires._迈克负责设计全部工程。desire (sb/sth) to do sth(2) 想住在这个国家北方的人更少。Fewer people _ _ _ in the north of the country. 7. pay off _ Translation(1) The gamble paid off. _(2) 船一泊港，船员就被付酬解雇了。The crew were _ _ as soon as the ship docked.(3) 我们历经十五年的时间还清了抵押借款。We _ _ our mortgage after fifteen years.pay back 还钱还钱(4) 我下周把钱还给你。Ill _ you _ next week. NOTENOTE58. crowd n. & v. _8._/krad/Translation(1) A small crowd had gathered outside the church._the crowd群众；凡夫俗子群众；凡夫俗子(2) 她就愿意随大溜。Shes quite happy to follow _ _. (3) Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets._(3) 往事涌上他的心头。Memories _ his mind.Word family: _ adj.crowded (with something) 充充满满的；的；挤满挤满的的(4) 春季这地方满是滑雪的人。In the spring the place _ _ _ skiers.Section 2 Useful ExpressionsNo.Useful ExpressionsChinese Meaning1健康状况良好/不佳2不再3给某人一次机会NOTE64使某人失望5取得成功；奏效6跟上，保持同步7获得一席之地Speech Tableverbnounadjectiveadverb/frequency1. _2. _prefer/3. _/4. _5. _balanced/6. _inspiration/7. _replacement/8. _9. _10. _sharply11. _crowd12. _/Practice1. Fill in the blanks.1) A local firm is to be _ (较喜欢).2) Bryson decided to quit _ (而不是) accept the new rules. 3) Crowds often feel sympathy for the _ (弱者).4) Our team was narrowly _ (击败) in the final.75) She has a burning _ (渴望) to be an artist.6) He pushed his way through the _ (人群).7) A truck went out of control and _ (撞击) into the back of a bus.8) I decided to go on a _ (日常饮食) (= to lose weight) before my holiday.2. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the given words.1) It would be _ (prefer) to employ two people, not one.2) Her calls became less _ (frequently).3) The actors enthusiasm _ (inspiration) the kids.4) Try to keep a _ (balanced) between work and relaxation.5) Teachers will never be _ (replacement) by computers in the classroom.6) This knife needs _(sharply).Section 3 Grammar定定语语从句（关系代从句（关系代词词引引导导 1） ）1.定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定定语语从句从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫_，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。定语从句常由关系代词 who, whom, whose, that, which 和关系副词 when, where, why 引导。2.关系代关系代词词的基本用法的基本用法先行词在从句中作主语在从句作宾语在从句作定语指人who/that who/whom/that（可省略）whose 8指物which/thatwhich/that（可省略）whose The man who/ that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 在会上发言的人来自香港。（先行词指_，在从句中作_）The building which/ that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建的这栋建筑将用作医院。（先行词指_，在从句中作_）The girl whose coat is red is my classmate. 穿红色外套的那个女孩是我的同学。（先行词指_，在从句中作_）The students whom/ that you teach are now doing experiments. 你教的学生们正在做实验。（先行词指_，在从句中作_， _省略） This is the book which/ that you are looking for. 这正是你在找的书。(先行词指_，在从句中作_，_省略）Practice1.Multiple choice.( )1. People _ smoke in a public place may have to pay 500 yuan as a punishmentA. what B. who C. which( )2. Foshan is a city _has long history.A whose B which C who( )3. Foreigners _ visit China expect to learn about Chinese culture. A. who B. whose C. which 9( )4. Yesterday I interviewed the farmer _ daughter went to college at the age of 14. A. his B. who C. whose ( )5. Johnny Depp is my favorite film star.You mean the one _ acted in the film Pirates of the Caribbean?A. which B. who C. whose( )6. The village _ I visited last year has changed a lot. A. that B. who C. when ( )7. Yesterday I interviewed the farmer _ went to college at the age of 14. A. he B. who C. whose ( )8. Yesterday I met the farmer _ was interviewed by China Daily. A. whom B. who C. whose( )9. Yesterday I met the farmer _ China Daily interviewed.A. whom B. which C. whose( )10. Pauls uncle is the man _ taught us math last year. A. where B. which C. who2.Complete the sentences.1.我们应该尽力帮助处于困境中的人。We must try our best to help the people _.2.我们昨天在学校门口碰见的那个男孩是汤姆的哥哥。The boy _ at the school gate is Toms brother.3.这是一块金制的手表。This is a watch _ gold.4.我们昨天听到的新闻很令人兴奋。10_ yesterday is very exciting.5.我有一只宠物猫，它的颜色是白色的。 I have a pet cat _.Section 4 Skills1.Cloze.In 1991，Davenport played in her first professional tennis match when she was 15.She was ranked (排名)the Number 1 woman _1_ player in the world eight different times.I had the chance to _2_ Davenport at the 2012 US Open._3_ that night，she answered some questions from our group and I asked her，“Ms Davenport，_4_ can teach people a lot of lessons. What lessons did you _5_ during your time as a professional tennis player that you didnt learn _6_ an amateur(业余运动员)？” To be honest，I had a personal reason for asking this question. I played baseball in college，but not _7_So I wanted to know what I missed.Davenports first _8_ was to talk about how she had to grow up _9_ .She mentioned the power of the media and learning to live her life in front of a(n) _10_But then she changed the _11_ and talked about improving her skill and the lessons of competition，hard work，and perseverance. Those things，she said，were learned long _12_ she became a professional. In other words，to learn about what its like to _13_ as a professional athlete，you need to be a professional athlete. But to learn the lessons of playing sports，you just need to _14_ your sport.Take note：you dont need to be the best in order to be _15_ or satisfied，but all that matters is that you play the game.( )1A. tennis Bgolf CbasketballDbaseball( )2A. considerBdescribe Casked Dmeet( )3A. LaterBAgain CMaybeDOnce( )4A. booksBsports CjobsDmusic11( )5A. teachBprepare CofferDlearn( )6A. asBlike CwithDfor( )7A. speciallyBwonderfully C. happily Dprofessionally( )8A. answerBtask CresultDquestion( )9A. slowBfast CsoonDtogether( )10A. crowdBleader CathleteDfamily( )11A. aimBtime CwayDsubject( )12A. afterBsince CbeforeDwhen( )13A. liveBappear CdependDsuffer( )14A. compareBcontrol CplayDdevelop( )15A. angryBhappy CdifferentDDirect2.Reading Comprehension.You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, youre not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy(奖杯)?If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. Shes a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesnt have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contribute most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.“The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work.Others say that theres no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.12“I think we should encourage kids participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids efforts.”Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式),” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.” There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. Theyll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks theres nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.( )16.According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?A. Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.B. David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.C. Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.D. Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game.( )17.Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?A. There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.B. Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.C. Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.D. It is necessary to encourage kids participation in sports.( )18.The underlined phrase “single out” in paragraph 6 probably means “”. A. honor B. chooseC. value D. stress( )19.What is the best title of the passage?A. Who deserves a trophy?B. All kids deserve a trophyC. What does a trophy deserve?D. Best player deserves a trophy133.Grammar Filling.Thank you for choosing me as the best _20_. In our school, Im really happy to share with you how passionate I am about sports and what I do to_21_ fit. Im a big _22_ of many sports, including basketball, football and gymnastics. I love to watch these events on TV at the weekend. I also _23_ regularly, too. In the morning. I often go _24_ on the running _25_ for about half an hour. I dont run too fast or for too long so that I have enough_26_ for the day. In the afternoon, I usually play football or basketball. Im on the school football team. The training is always _27_, but we all do our best, since we all want to _28_ a place on the team when playing against other schools. Believe it or not, we also occasionally do yoga in the _29_! It helps relax our muscles and focus our minds. If you want to become fit and healthy, my advice is to try different sports and activities to see which one you enjoy the most.4.Analyze the following sentences. (sentence constituents)1.He is a bad guy who broke my heart.2.The girl with whom he had been living for two years suddenly packed her bags and left.3.Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.141高中英高中英语语必修一必修一 Unit 2 TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1U2TT&L1 Section 1 Core Words in Use1. prefer v. 较较喜喜欢欢/prf(r)/Translation(1) Coffee or tea? Id prefer tea, thanks.“要咖啡还是茶？” “我要茶，谢谢。” prefer sth to sth(2) I much prefer jazz to rock music. 我喜欢爵士乐远胜过摇滚乐。prefer to do sthI prefer to travel by train. 我更愿意乘火车旅行。prefer sb/sth to do sthWould you prefer me to stay? 你愿意我留下来吗？prefer doing sthI prefer playing in defence. 我更喜欢打防守。Word family: preferable adj. Preference n.I have a preference for country life. 我偏爱乡村生活。2. rather adv. 宁愿宁愿 /r(r)/NOTE2rather than 而不是而不是(1) 我想要冷饮，不要咖啡。I think Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee.would rather do A (than) do B(2) 她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。She would rather die than give a speech.3. underdog n. 处处于劣于劣势势的人的人 /ndd/ Translation(1) Before the game we were definitely the underdogs. 我们在赛前绝对不被看好。Opposite: overdog 占上占上风风者者Idioms with “dog”be raining cats and dogs 下下倾倾盆大雨盆大雨a dogs life 悲惨的生活；牛悲惨的生活；牛马马不如的生活不如的生活Every dog has his/its day. 人人皆有得意人人皆有得意时时(you cant) teach an old dog new tricks 老大（不）可教；（无法）改老大（不）可教；（无法）改变变人人们长时间们长时间形成的思想形成的思想（或做事方法等）（或做事方法等）4. defeat vt. & n. 战胜战胜；打；打败败 /dfit/NOTENOTE3Translation(1) The goal is to defeat the enemy by whatever means possible. 目标是通过一切可能的方式击败敌人。defeat sb by sth(2) 戴维斯在半决赛中以 8 分击败莫里斯。Davis defeated Morris by eight points in the semi-final. 5. try out 试试用（某人）；用（某人）；测试测试； ；试验试验 Translation(1) Theyre trying out a new presenter for the show.他们正在为这个节目试用一名新的主持人。Expressions with tryTry doing sth尝试尝试做某事做某事(2) 他试着做蛋糕让她更开心。He tried making a cake to make her happier.try your best/hardest (to do sth)尽全力做某事尽全力做某事(3) 她尽了最大的努力解决这个问题。She tried her best to solve the problem.她尽了最大的努力解决这个问题。try on 试试穿穿(4) 鞋子要先穿上试一试再买。Try the shoes on before you buy them. NOTE46. desire n. & v. 渴望渴望 /dza(r)/Translation(1) He now had enough money to satisfy all his desires.他现在有足够的钱来满足自己所有的欲望。迈克负责设计全部工程。desire (sb/sth) to do sth(2) 想住在这个国家北方的人更少。Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country. 7. pay off 奏效；遣散；付清奏效；遣散；付清 Translation(1) The gamble paid off. 这一把赌对了。(2) 船一泊港，船员就被付酬解雇了。The crew were paid off as soon as the ship docked.(3) 我们历经十五年的时间还清了抵押借款。We paid off our mortgage after fifteen years.NOTENOTE5pay back 还钱还钱(4) 我下周把钱还给你。Ill pay you back next week. 8. crowd n. & v. 人群；塞人群；塞满满/krad/Translation(1) A small crowd had gathered outside the church.一小群人聚集在教堂的外面。the crowd群众；凡夫俗子群众；凡夫俗子(2) 她就愿意随大溜。Shes quite happy to follow the crowd. (3) Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.成千上万的人把狭窄的街道挤得水泄不通。(3) 往事涌上他的心头。Memories crowded his mind.Word family: crowded adj.crowded (with something) 充充满满的；的；挤满挤满的的(4) 春季这地方满是滑雪的人。In the spring the place is crowded with skiers.NOTENOTE6Section 2 Useful ExpressionsNo.Useful ExpressionsChinese Meaning1in good/bad shape健康状况良好/不佳2notanymore不再3give sb a shot给某人一次机会4let sb down使某人失望5pay off取得成功；奏效6keep up with跟上，保持同步7earn a place获得一席之地7Speech Tableverbnounadjectiveadverb/frequency1. frequent2. frequentlyprefer/3. preferable/4. balance5. balancebalanced/6. inspireinspiration/7. replacereplacement/8. sharpen9. sharpener10. sharpsharply11. crowdcrowd12. crowded/Practice1. Fill in the blanks.1) A local firm is to be preferred (较喜欢).2) Bryson decided to quit rather than (而不是) accept the new rules. 3) Crowds often feel sympathy for the underdog (弱者).4) Our team was narrowly defeated (击败) in the final.5) She has a burning desire (渴望) to be an artist.6) He pushed his way through the crowd (人群).7) A truck went out of control and crashed (撞击) into the back of a bus.8) I decided to go on a diet (日常饮食) (= to lose weight) before my holiday.82. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the given words.1) It would be preferable (prefer) to employ two people, not one.2) Her calls became less frequent (frequently).3) The actors enthusiasm inspired (inspiration) the kids.4) Try to keep a balance (balanced) between work and relaxation.5) Teachers will never be replaced (replacement) by computers in the classroom.6) This knife needs sharpening (sharply)