期末模拟检测卷(一)-（2022）新北师大版高中英语高一上学期必修第一册.rar

2021202120222022 学年高一英语北师大版学年高一英语北师大版(2019)(2019)期末模拟检测卷期末模拟检测卷( (一一) )第一部分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）分） 略略第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分）第一节第一节 （共（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMatt Haig, the best-selling author of the novel “The Midnight”, recommends some books that offer wisdom or comfort in difficult times.Letters to a Young Poet by Rainer Rilke (1929). This is the ultimate comfort read. The book is what the title suggests: letters from an older poet to a younger one. The great thing about Rilkes advice is that it acknowledges the darkness and suffering of existence, yet manages despite thator maybe even because of thatto inspire. When Things Fall Apart by Pema Chdrn(1996). I read this book during the first lockdown, and it was the perfect read for uncertain times. Chdrn is a Buddhist, but the advice and philosophy in these relatively few pages speaks universally. Its a great book about embracing life in its totality, about seeing hope and suffering as part of a whole. The House at Pooh Corner by A.A. Milne(1928). The Winnie-the-Pooh stories really speak to people going through tough times. In many ways, each of the characters reflects a different mental state: Eeyore is depressed, Tigger is hyper-active, Piglet is anxious, and Pooh reflects a hope and optimism much needed in recovery. I reread this book when I was ill with a panic disorder, and it soothed me.Bird by Bird by Anne Lamott (1994). In my opinion, this is the greatest book about writing ever written. But like Rilke, Lamott is offering far more than writing advice. She is offering wisdom on life and how to embrace its imperfect nature.21. Which book came out first?A. Bird by Bird.B. The Midnight.C. Letters to a Young Poet.D. The House at Pooh Corner.22. What can readers learn from When Things Fall Apart?A. The tough times are everywhere.B. Life consists of hope and suffering.C. People have a variety of mental states.D. The undesirable things of life can be ignored.23. What do the four books have in common?A. All contain inspiring advice.B. They are based on true facts.C. Matt Haig instructed their novelists.D. Writing will be improved by reading them.BSome parents may have trouble getting their kids away from electronics. But for the Suttons, this wasnt the case.Josh and Cassie Sutton completed a full-length hike of the Appalachian Trail with their son, Harvey. At just five years old, Harvey is one of the youngest people known to have completed the roughly 2,loo -mile trail that stretches across l4 states. The Suttons covered the hike from Georgia to Maine in 209 days. Their journey began when Harvey was just four years old. He turned five before the family completed the hike.As a family, the Suttons became used to life on the trail. They woke up every day before 6 am to pack their sleeping bags, tents and tools to begin hiking all day. When Harvey was two years old, his parents began training him for hiking by going on mini walks. They slowly increased their mileage day by dayeventually preparing him for his big adventure.I think a lot of people are surprised at how well he did. The Suttons said that while the adventure of the 2,l00-mile hike was fun, it did have its challengesespecially when it came to keeping Harvey entertained and going forward. “As long as were playing makebelieve and pretend with him all day long, he moves quickly and hikes faster than a lot of us imagine,”said Josh Sutton.While the Suttons have plans for more hikes and family adventures ahead, the family is getting adjusted to life at home again as Harvey begins his latest adventure: kindergarten.“Hopefully from going hiking for ten hours a day to sitting in the classroom, hell do OK,” said Josh Sutton.24. What do we know about Harvey?A. He never played electronic products.B. He was the youngest to travel across 14 states.C. He went through many difficulties in the trip.D. He spent about 7 months finishing the hiking.25. What does the underlined word “mileage in paragraph 3 mean?A. Limit.B. Distance.C. Ability.D. Knowledge26. Which of the following was the Suttons challenge in the hiking?A. Making Harvey excited.B. Keeping people shocked.C. Pretending to move fast.D. Stopping Harvey complaining. 27. What is Harveys newest adventure? A. Returning to his normal life.B. Practising sitting for ten hours a day. C. Getting used to school life and study. D. Learning some lessons from the hiking.CSelf-driving cars are just around the corner. Such vehicles will make getting from one place to another safer and less stressful. They also could cut down on traffic, reduce pollution and limit accidents. But how should driverless cars handle emergencies(突发情况)? People disagree on the answer. And that might put the brakes on this technology, a new study concludes.To understand the challenge, imagine a car that suddenly meets some pedestrians in the road. Even with braking, its too late to avoid a crash. So the cars artificial intelligence must decide whether to swerve(急转弯). To save the pedestrians, should the car swerve off the road or swerve into oncoming traffic? What if such options would likely kill the cars passengers?Researchers used online surveys to study peoples attitudes about such situations with driverless cars. Survey participants mostly agreed that driverless cars should be designed to protect the most people. That included swerving into walls (or otherwise sacrificing their passengers) to save a larger number of pedestrians. But there is a hitch(困境). Those same surveyed people want to ride in cars that protect passengers at all costseven if the pedestrians would now end up dying. Jean Bonnefon is a psychologist at the Toulouse School of Economics in France. He and his colleagues reported their findings in Science. “Autonomous cars can completely change transportation”, says study coauthor Iyad Rahwan. But, he adds, this new technology creates a moral dilemma(道德两难) that could slow its acceptance.Makers of driverless cars are in a tough spot, Bonnefons group warns. Most buyers would want their car to be programmed to protect them in preference to other people. However, regulations might one day instruct that cars must act for the greater good. That would mean saving the most people. But the scientists think rules like this could drive away buyers. If so, all the potential benefits of driverless cars would be lost.Compromises might be possible, Kurt Gray says. He is a psychologist at the University of North Carolina. He thinks that even if all driverless cars are programmed to protect their passengers in emergencies, traffic accidents will decrease. Those vehicles might be dangerous to pedestrians on rare occasions. But they “wont speed, wont drive drunk and wont text while driving, which would be a win for society.”28. The underlined word “challenge” in paragraph 2 refers to_.A. Peoples negative attitudes towards self-driving cars B. how self-driving cars reduce traffic accidents C. the technical problems that self-driving cars have D. how self-driving cars handle emergencies29. According to the text, online surveys show that_. A. self-driving cars artificial intelligence needs improvementB. the busy traffic may be a problem for self-driving carsC. people are in a moral dilemma about driverless carsD. self-driving cars should be designed to protect drivers30. What can we learn from the fifth paragraph?A. Regulations are in favour of drivers.B. Most people dislike self-driving cars now.C. Self-driving car makers are in a difficult situation. D. The potential benefits of driverless cars are ignored.31. What is Kurt Grays attitude toward self-driving cars? A. Favorable.B. Doubtful.C. Critical.D. Disapproving.DA new study showed that listening to music while studying and having that same music playing during the night may be a possible way to improve memory.A few dozen university students took part in the experiment. In the first part of the study, all the students were asked to take a self-paced class and they would be tested on the following day. During the lesson, all participants listened to three pieces of classical music. After class, they were asked to sleep in the lab with sounds played in the background. For half of the participants, the sound was white noise, but the other half were played the exact same three pieces they listened to while they were studying. When they took the test the next day, the test scores showed that the students exposed to the study music while they slept performed better on the test.The research group selected three classical music pieces. They knew that students often listened to instrumental music while studying, and that it was much less distracting (分心的) than music with lyrics. But they also wanted to make sure that the music they played had distinct melodies, so that the brain could more easily form connections between the music and the study materials.The researchers pointed out that as long as the music wasnt too abrupt during the study time, students could try doing so at home while they prepared for their exams. The trick was to listen to music while studying, and then had that exact same music playing on loop at night.Unfortunately, the effect seemed to wear off over time. Music could improve test scores the next day, but after a few months the music listeners were back at the same level as the students who slept with white noise in the background.The researchers also noticed that the effect seemed to be more effective for female students, but they didnt have enough information to make certain that the effect was indeed gender-related. 32. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The meaning of the study.B. The effects brought by music.C. The process of the experiment.D. Students excellent performances33. What do researchers discover about music? A. It may improve test scores.B. It can attract peoples attention. C. It is more popular with females.D. It may change our sleep habits.34. What can the underlined phrase “wear off in paragraph 5 be replaced by?A. Weaken.B. Change.C. Appear.D. Strengthen.35. Which section of a newspaper is this text likely taken from?A. Health.B. Science.C. Culture.D. Entertainment.第二节第二节(共共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 分分,满分满分 10 分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余 选项。Personal development is a way for a person to set goals and improve his life. 36 How should we properly make those plans? And what should we know when carrying out the plans?Many people agree that the first step to developing a proper personal development plan is to make an honest self-evaluation (自我评价). During this time, a person should try to get a better understanding of himself. 37 When making self -development plans, a person should know every personal development plan is different. Everyone has different abilities and ways to achieve these goals, and it is a highly personal process. 38 Achieving big goals hardly ever happens in a short time. It can take years or even a lifetime to happen.Carrying out self-development plans requires efforts. A person must be willing to spend his time and energy making self-development plans work properly. 39 So a person had better get the support of any people whod like to put in some efforts to help him follow his personal development plan. 40 When you do so, its important to choose one you feel comfortable with, who can help you follow your personal development plan. Be patient before you find the perfect match. After all, a coach not fit for you will make you both unhappy. After you choose a life coach that you like, be ready to work with him。A. Some may set short-term goals.B. Some people may prefer to find a life coach. C. Doing it alone can be a very challenging task. D. To reach personal development requires plans. E. It includes personal weak points, values and so on.F. People may fail to follow their personal development plans.G. However, almost every self-development plan requires patience.第三部分第三部分 语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 45 分分)第一节第一节 完形填空（共完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Education is very close in my heart. My father grew up in a very small village in China. In those days, not many villagers could read. So my father 41 a night school to teach them how to read. With his help, many people learned to 42 their own names; with his help, many people learned to read newspapers for the first time; with his help, many women were able to 43 their children how to read. As his daughter, I know what 44 means to the people, especially those without it.After generations of hard work, China 45 in education. I myself 46 that progress. Otherwise, I would never become a famous singer and a professor of music. I am following my fathers 47 to help continue Chinas success story. I am truly 48 to work with the UN and do something about Global Education. I have visited many schools around the world. Ive seen first-hand how much we can do for education.Education is about women and girls. It is important for girls to go to school because they will become their childrens 49 teacher someday. But women still 50 over half of the worlds poor in population and 60% of adults who cant read. Education is of extreme importance in 51 such inequalities. Education is about equality. In poor countries and regions the number of school dropouts is 52 . We call for more educational 53 to these places. Education is about the young people. Young people are the future. Education is important because it not only gives young people 54 and skills but also helps them become 55 citizens.As the UNESCO special envoy (特使) and the mother myself, my 56 to education for all will never change. Many years ago my father made a small difference in his village. 57 , we can make a big difference in the world.I was once asked about my Chinese 58 . I said I hope all children especially girls can have access to good education. I 59 one day education will no longer be a dream but a reality 60 by every young woman on this planet.41ArebuiltBfoundCattendedDopened42ArememberBpronounceCwriteDconfirm43AteachBinformCconvinceDacquire44AeducationBcontributionCdevotionDcivilization45A. has taken advantage B. has made achievements C. has drawn attention D. has had great effects46Acontribute toBapprove ofCbenefit fromDpass down47AroutineBfashionCsuggestionsDfootsteps48Adetermined BconfidentChonoredDfortunate49AfirstBunforgettableCimpressiveDpatient50Acare forBaccount forCstand forDallow for51AacceptingBtoleratingChandlingDevaluating52AarbitraryBambiguousCaccurateDastonishing53AresourcesBexperiencesCqualificationsDmaterials54Apermission BstrengthCwealthDknowledge55AindependentBresponsibleCintelligentDcapable56AresponseBcommitmentCreactionDattendance57ATogetherBMeanwhileCThereforeDMoreover58Aexpectation BvisionCdreamDambition59ApromiseBbelieveCassumeDsense60AdesiredBrealizedCfacedDenjoyed第二节第二节(共共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 15 分分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单