（2020）新北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit1 Lesson3-讲义（教师版+学生版）.rar

1选择性必修一选择性必修一 Unit1 Lesson3 1. socialise vi. 交友；交际；交往society n.社会 social adj. 社会的；社交的2.constantly adv. 持续不断地constant adj. 持续不断的3.associate vt. 与某人交往association n. 协会；社团；关联；交往；联想；联系associated adj. 有关联的；相关的；有联系的4.barely adv. 几乎不 bare adj. (树木)光秃秃的；裸露的；裸体的；(土地)荒芜的 vt. 揭开;脱掉(衣服)5.reserved adj. 含蓄的；内敛的reserve vt. 保留；预订6.wired adj. 联网的；极其兴奋的wire vt. 用导线给(建筑物、设备等)接通电源 n. 金属丝；金属线7.distracted adj. 心神不定的，精神无法集中的distracting adj. 令人分心的distract vt. 分散(思想)；转移(注意力)；使分心distraction n. 分散注意力；使人分心的事8.reality n. 现实；真实 real adj. 真实的；真的 really adv. 事实上；真实地；的确realise v. 意识到；实现；了解 realistic adj. 现实的；实际的9.dominate vt. &vi. 主宰，支配，控制domination n. 统治；控制dominant adj. 占主导地位；占优势的10.stimulation n. 刺激 stimulate vt. 激发，促进11.desperate adj. 拼命的；绝望的 desperation n. 绝望；拼命 desperately adv. 拼命地；绝望地；不顾一切地；极度地12.depressed adj. 沮丧的，忧愁的 depressing adj. 令人抑郁的；令人沮丧的 depress vt.使沮丧；使抑郁13.bend vt. &vi. 弯腰；俯身bent pt. bent pp.14. rude adj. 无礼的 rudeness n. 粗鲁15. complain vt. &vi. 抱怨；不满；发牢骚 complaint n. 抱怨16. appointment n. 约定；约会 appoint vt. 任命；委任；安排，确定(时间、地点)17. alcoholic n. 酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj. （含）酒精的 alcohol n. 酒精 2重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词1. associate【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vi.交往，交往，(尤指尤指)混在一起混在一起associate with sb. 与某人交往，与某人混在一起I dont like you associating with those people.我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。(2)vt. 联想，联系联想，联系associate.with.把和联系/想在一起I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood. 一闻到烘烤食物的味道我就想起了童年。(3)n. C伙伴，同事伙伴，同事Have you ever met John, one of my associates in Hong Kong?你见过约翰吗?我在香港的一个同事。(4)adj. 副的副的(用在级别或头衔前，表示稍有不同或略低的用在级别或头衔前，表示稍有不同或略低的)Mr Lin is associate director of the Institute. 林先生是该研究所的副主任。【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) associated adj.有联系的；有关联的be associated with. 和有联系；和有关(2) association n.C联系，联想；社团，协会；C,U联合，关联，交往the Football Association 足球协会 in association with 与联合【练习】1.语法填空 In childrens eyes, summer is always associated with swimming, ice cream and summer holidays.His English improved enormously because of his association (associate)with British people.2.单句写作3一谈到中国，人们就会联想到长城。When talking about China, people often associate it with the Great Wall. 2. distracted adj. 注意力分散的，思想不集中的，心烦意乱的注意力分散的，思想不集中的，心烦意乱的【拓展拓展】Dont distract my attention. Im studying!别分散我的注意力。我正学习呢!The film distracted me from these problems for a while. 这部影片分散了我的注意力，让我暂时忘记了这些问题I find it very hard to work at home because there are too many distractions.我发觉在家里工作很难，因为使人分心的事太多。【练习】用 distract 的适当形式填空1.(2020四川成都石室中学开学考)There are courses designed specifically for students about dealing with distraction(s) and homesickness.2.(2020河南三门峡期中) For students, there is nothing like smartphones that get us distracted when we are trying toconcentrate on study.3. Bright, open space exposes us to natural light and improves our moods, while messy space is distracting and destroys our focus.3.reality n.U现实，实际情况；C事实，实际经历，见到的事物【用法归纳用法归纳】4in reality 事实上，实际上face/ accept reality 面对/接受现实bringback to reality 将带回现实become a reality 变成现实He seems very young, but in reality he is older than all of us. 他看起来很年轻，但实际上他比我们都年长。【练习】1.语法填空(2020江苏南通期末) I like the book! It brings me to places where I might not otherwise have been either in thoughts orreality (real).The doctor can assess your condition to help you set realistic (real) goals.2.完成句子So quickly is science and technology advancing that what is a possibility today may become a reality (变成现实) tomorrow.In reality (事实上)，different students have different learning habits, which I think have a great influence on their learning efficiency.4. aim【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vi. 力求达到，力争做到力求达到，力争做到aim at (doing) sth.力求做某事aim to do sth.力求做某事aim at/ for sth.力争得到某物We aim to be there around six. 我们力争六点钟左右到那里。We should aim for the best results. 我们力求获得最佳结果。(2)vt.目的是，旨在；针对，对象是目的是，旨在；针对，对象是5be aimed at (doing).旨在(做)；目的是(做)be aimed at sb.针对某人，对象是某人The programme is aimed at the teenage audience.这个节目针对的是十几岁的观众。(3)vt.&vi. 瞄准，对准瞄准，对准aim (sth.) at sb./sth. (把)瞄准He aimed (his gun) at the target and fired but only to miss it.他(用枪)瞄准目标开火，结果却未打中。(4)n. C目标，目的目标，目的with the aim of 为了，目的是achieve ones aim 实现目标；达到目的take aim at 瞄准；把目标对准Students should aim to become more independent of their teachers. 学生应该努力逐渐减少对老师的依赖。I started to learn English with the aim of becoming a teacher. 我开始学习英语的目的是要当教师。【拓展】相关词语积累：aimless adj.无目标的aimlessly adv.漫无目的地【练习】语法填空(2020黑龙江省实验中学期末)The coach, together with his players, was invited to the party held last Friday night, aimed at celebrating (celebrate) their win in the match.After the smart hunter found the aim, he took aim at it immediately.The project was set up with the aim of helping young unemployed(失业的) people.We aim to be (be) there around six. Then we can start our trip together.The app is aimed at young people from 20-30 years of age and helps them manage their money matters.5. desperate【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)adj. 渴望，极想渴望，极想(不用于名词前不用于名词前)主语一般是物6be desperate for sth. 极想要某物be desperate to do sth. 极想做某事The man lost in the desert was desperate for water. 那个在沙漠中迷路的男人极想要水。John was desperate to get a job to support his large family.约翰渴望得到一份工作来养活一大家人。(2)adj. 绝望的，孤注一掷的；拼命的，不顾一切的绝望的，孤注一掷的；拼命的，不顾一切的He was desperate when he lost all his life-saving money. Luckily, a kind man helped him generously.当他丢了所有的救命钱时他绝望了。幸运的是，一个善良的男人慷慨地帮助了他。Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girls life.医生们不惜一切地奋力抢救小女孩的生命。【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) desperation n.U绝望，拼命，铤而走险in desperation 在绝望中(2) desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地，拼命地【练习】语法填空His business failure left him in desperation (desperate) but he managed to go out of the shadow through years of efforts.Having walked for half an hour in such hot weather, he was desperate for a cold drink.We are desperate to see (see) whether the method is working.Faced with this serious problem, he took a deep breath, desperately (desperate) trying to keep calm.6. depressed adj.沮丧的，意志消沉的，抑郁的。【用法归纳用法归纳】用作表语时，表示人的主观感受。Jack failed to be admitted to his dream university and felt quite depressed. 杰克没有被他梦想的大学录取，他感到很沮丧。Taking a positive attitude is better than losing hope and getting depressed.采取积极的态度总比失去希望和变得沮丧要好。7【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) depress vt.使沮丧，使消沉；使不景气(2) depression n.C,U抑郁，沮丧，消沉；萧条期，不景气；抑郁症(3) depressing adv.令人沮丧的，令人消沉的(常用来形容事物)语境串记The depressing news depressed him, and he was so depressed that I couldnt help himout of depression. 这个令人沮丧的消息使他消沉，他如此抑郁以至于我无法帮他摆脱沮丧。【练习】用 depress 的适当形式填空(2020黑龙江大庆期末) The experts believe that quality sleep could be a protective measure against depression .“The result was very depressing . I was very shocked and depressed at that time, but at the same time it made me cherish(珍视) my sporting life even more,”the famous sports star said.7. delay【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vi.&vt. 延迟，推迟；延迟，推迟；vt.使迟到，使耽搁使迟到，使耽搁(其后一般跟名词、代词或动词其后一般跟名词、代词或动词-ing 形式等作宾语形式等作宾语)delay (doing) sth. 推迟(做)某事He delayed telling her the news, waiting for the right moment. 他没有马上把消息告诉她，等有了适当的时机再说。(2)n. U,C延期，耽搁；延期，耽搁；C延迟延迟(或耽搁、拖延或耽搁、拖延)的时间的时间without delay 马上，立刻a delay of+表示时间的名词的延误/耽搁Knowing that I was in trouble, Tom came to help me without delay.知道我处于困境中。汤姆马上来帮助我。After a delay of three hours (= After a three-hour delay), we continued our journey. 耽搁三个小时后，我们继续旅行。【练习】1.语法填空After a delay of two hours the plane finally took off.8Research shows that the older people become, the less likely they are to delay doing (do) their work until the last minute.2.完成句子If a person has been poisoned by gas, open the doors and windows without delay (立即打开门窗)to let fresh air in as quickly as possible.8. complain vt.&vi. 抱怨，不满，投诉，发牢骚【用法归纳用法归纳】complain (to sb.) about/of. complain (to sb.) (that).Neighbours complained to the police about the dogs barking.邻居们因狗吠扰民向警察投诉。Betty complained to Steve (that) Sara never gave her a chance to talk at yesterdays meeting.贝蒂向史蒂夫抱怨说在昨天的会议上萨拉根本不给她说话的机会。【拓展】相关词语积累：complaint n.C抱怨，不满的原因，投诉make a complaint about. 投诉have a complaint against/ about 对有怨言【练习】1.语法填空Residents are complaining about/of the heavy traffic jam. In response to the complaint (complain), the government decides to broaden roads.2.单句写作：我要就这件事向经理投诉。Im going to complain to the manager about/of this 或 Im going to make a complaint about this to the manager.9. appointment【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. C约定，约会约定，约会(向某人)抱怨/投诉appointment 通常指按预约时间进行的约会或约见，而 date一般指男女间的约会9have/ make an appointment with sb.与某人约会/约定have/ make an appointment to do. 约定做by appointment 根据（会面的）约定/预约I cant go with you. I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon.我不能和你一起去，我今天下午和我的牙医有约。The property can only be viewed by appointment.只有预约方可参观这处房产。(2)n. C,U任命，委任，任命，委任，C职位职位the appointment as/be. 作为的任命The appointment of John as/ to be chairman is a great joy to him.约翰被任命为主席，这令他非常高兴。He was told hed got the appointment yesterday morning.昨天上午他被告知得到了那个职位。【拓展】相关词语积累：appoint vt.任命，委派；确定(时间、地点)appoint sb. (as/to be)+职务任命某人担任某职务appoint sb. to sth.派某人任某职位appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事appointed time/ place约定的时间/地点appoint.(for sth.) (为某事)确定Some excellent teachers have been appointed to teach Chinese in an Confucius Institute in Africa.一些优秀的教师被委派到非洲的一所孔子学院教授汉语。It is required that everyone (should) arrive at the lecture hall at the appointed time.要求大家在约定的时间到达讲堂。【练习】1.语法填空(2020.黑龙江哈三中期中)Your appointment will be canceled immediately if you fail to arrive at the scene at the appointed time. (appoint)A new engineer was appointed to deal (deal) with the products returned by customers.102.完成句子(2020天津八校联考) If you want to see a doctor, you should make an appointment with him in advance (你应该提前和他预约). Its common practice in the US.重点句型分析重点句型分析1. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is“in real life”.研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交朋友比“在现实生活中”交朋友更容易。【考点提炼】“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时的主谓一致问题“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与 of 后的名词保持数的一致。One fourth of the audience think the film is worth seeing a second time.四分之一的观众认为这部影片值得再看一次。One third of the students in our class are in favour of the trip to the mountains. 我们班三分之一的学生赞成去山里旅游。80% of the furniture in this house is from the same company. 这座房子里 80%的家具都来自同一家公司。【归纳拓展】“some of，plenty of，most of，the rest of，all of，half of/.+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式也由 of 后面的名词的单复数决定。Most of her spare time is spent learning cooking. 她大部分的空闲时间都花在学习烹饪上了Some of the guests have left and the rest of them are staying here for night.一些客人走了，剩下的将在这里过夜。分数的表达法：分子在前，分母在后；分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于 1 时，分母用复数形式。如: one fourth 四分之一，two thirds 三分之二，two and three fifths 二又五分之三。【练习】语法填空Two fifths (five) of the land in that country is covered with trees and grass now.(2020全国卷阅读理解七选五改编)Its been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countriesare (be) using emojis at work.11The growing of a plant is influenced by a lot of factors, most of which are (be)beyond our controlMore than 80 percent of the young people in this village have gone (go) to big cities to find a job so far.2. .not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. 一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。【考点提炼】具有否定意义或否定形式的词语置于句首时引起的部分倒装当具有否定意义或否定形式的词语，如 not, never, neither, nor, seldom, hardly, rarely, little, nowhere, in no way, by no means, at no time, not until 等位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把助动词/be 动词/情态动词移到主语之前，构成“否定词语+助动词/情态动词+主语+其他”结构。Never have I lacked interest in reading A Dream of red mansions.自始至终我都抱着浓厚的兴趣品读红楼梦。Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来了。By no means can I pretend to be pleased with this behavior. 我决不能假装对这种行为表示满意。Seldom does the temperature go above thirty here.这里的气温很少有超过 30 度的。Not until I had read the report did I understand the whole truth. 直到我读了那个报道，才了解了(事情的)全部真相。【练习练习】The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor C it a thoughtA. does he even giveB. he even givesC. will he even giveD. he will even give基础练知识巩固建议时间：基础练知识巩固建议时间：15 分钟分钟一、单词拼写一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词用本部分所学单词)1. The six-year-old boy is greatly admired for his courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality .2. Her new book is well received and it is expected to dominate the best-seller lists.3. To stay healthy, the report suggests that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate(适中的) physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.4. On the whole, people who frequently participate in a wide variety of activities are less likely to feel depressed .5. Have you registered for the camp? The deadline is the day after tomorrow.6. Captain Scott had failed to win the race to the North Pole, but the extraordinary courage shown by his team made them into heroes. 127. I have an appointment (约定) with Dr Smith, but I need to change it.8. The boy bent (弯腰)down, picked up a stone and threw it into the water.9. Students are easily distracted by constantly (不断地)checking their WeChat messages.10. With the festival approaching, the children can barely (几乎不) hide their excitement.二、语法填空二、语法填空1.(2020全国卷语法填空改编) Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home.2. He has been admitted to his dream school and is desperate to share (share) good news with his friends.3. While the weather was extremely bad, the soldiers and doctors didnt delay setting (set) off for the flood-hit area.4. Im writing to complain about/of the quality of the mobile phone I bought from your store.三、完成句子三、完成句子1.地球从太空中看起来是蓝色的，因为它表面的三分之二为广阔的海洋所覆盖。The earth looks blue from space because two thirds of its surface is covered by vast oceans.2.她以前从未见过任何人打网球打得像罗伯特一样好。(否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装)Never before had she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.3.对于学生而言，没有比图书馆更好的学习场所了，所以我们在这里要保持安静。As for students, there is no better studying place than the library , so we have to keep quiet here.(“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义)4.表面上他似乎很自信，但实际上他非常紧张。On the surface , he seems very confident, but in reality , he is extremely nervous.(surface; reality)5.你如果周末有空，打电话给朋友，和他们出去玩。这会把你的注意力从电脑上移开。(distract)If you are free on weekends, call friends and go out with them. This will distract you from the computer .综合练能力提升建议时间：综合练能力提升建议时间：7 分钟分钟13课文语法填空课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mark never stops socialising with his friends online. He is1. constantly (constant) posting updates on social media and receiving messages and updates from the people he associate 2. with onlinewhether he is having a coffee, on the way to school, watching TV 3. or even in the shower.According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make 4. friends (friend) online than it is“in real life”. On the surface, Mark has an active social life. He attends parties and plays sports but hes always 5. distracted (distract).Social networking has affected his life in so many ways. He delays 6. doing (do) homework and connecting with his friends and family members. His friends try to drag him away from his phone, but once hes alone again, hes desperate 7. to get (get) back to the online world.He feels so lonely. For example, during a dinner, his friends 8. focused (focus) on their phone and ignored the ones around. On 9. a family holiday, his sister spent hours online and never lifted her head to enjoy the view outside the window.10. What is really worrying is that no one could get rid of social networking. Mark cant even imagine going without it for a week. So, thats the problem with social networking. Were hard-wired in, but were more disconnected than ever.141选择性必修一选择性必修一