1、一、以形式主语一、以形式主语it引导的句型引导的句型。 句型1. It (so) happened that +clause. = sb. happened to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如： It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。He happened to be out when I got there = He was out by chance when I got there. 第1页/共26页 句型2. It seems that sb. do/ be doing
2、/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/to be done/to have been done（还有动词appear等可这样使用）如: It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.他好象以前去过北京。He seemed to have been to Beijing before. 第2页/共26页 句型句型3. It is / was被强调的部分被强调的部分that(who)+剩剩余的部分余的部分.如： It wasnt until he came back tha
3、t I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移)。 It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since） It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。） 第3页/共26页 句型4. It is high time (time/ about time)+ (that) 主语should do / did+其它。（从句中的谓语动词用的是虚
4、拟语气。）如: It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。 第4页/共26页 句型句型5. It is / was said ( reported)that+从句. 如： It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。He was said to have read this novel. 句型句型6. It is impossible / necessary/ strangethat clause.(从句中的谓语用shoulddo / should have done，其形式
5、是虚拟语气。)如： It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。 第5页/共26页 句型7. It is + a pity/ a shamethat clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略。)如： He didnt come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真
6、可惜。 句型8. It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如： It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。 第6页/共26页 句型9. It is/was表示地点的名词where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如： It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was b
7、orn.(后一句是强调句型。) 句型10. It is / was +表示时间的名词when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如： It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. 第7页/共26页 句型11. It is well-known that从句。如： It is well-known that she is a learned woman.众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女
8、。 句型12. It is +段时间since+主语did. 请比较： It was +段时间since+主语had done. 如： It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。 It was five years since he left here.（同上） 注意下列句型的翻译:It is five years since he lived here.他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。 第8页/共26页 句型13. It +谓语段时间before+主语谓语.（ before引导的是时间状语从句。）如： It wasnt long before t
9、he people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。 句型14. It is +形容词(possible, impossible, necessary等) for+ sb.+ to do. 如： It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。 句型15. It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词of + sb. +to do.= 主
10、语+ be +形容词to do.(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如： It is kind of you to help me.You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。 第9页/共26页 二、定语从句二、定语从句： 句型16. 由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如： As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者
11、是个主语从句。） 第10页/共26页 句型17. 由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如： He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。 句型18. 由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如： This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used
12、to come to. This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on. （说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看关系代词that和which的区别。） 第11页/共26页 三、让步状语从句三、让步状语从句 句型19. No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose从句，主句.(注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态。)如： No matter what you do, you must
13、do it well.请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一定要做好。 No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。 （说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。） （注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。） 第12页/共26页四、条件状
14、语从句四、条件状语从句 句型20. When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如： As long as you give me any money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。 Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。 句型21. 主句on condition that+从句.如： I will go with you on condition that
15、you give me a sum of money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。 句型22. 主句unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。)如： I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。 第13页/共26页 句型23. 祈使句，and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如： Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。 Another word, and I
16、 will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。 句型24. If +necessary / impossible/ important等，主句.(注意：if与形容词之间的it is被省略。)如： If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。 第14页/共26页 五、原因状语从句 句型25. 主句in case+从句.（in case表示以免）如： I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。 句型26. 主句due to / because of / owning to / + the
17、fact that +从句。如： He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。 第15页/共26页六、时间状语从句六、时间状语从句 句型27. When / While / As +从句，主句.如： When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。 句型28. 主句after / before +从句.如： They hadnt been married four months b
18、efore they were devoiced.他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。 We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。 句型29. 主语肯定谓语until从句.请比较：主语否定谓语until+从句.如： I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。 I didnt worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。 第16页/共26页 句型30. As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment
19、/ The instant / The minute +从句，主句. 如： My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。 句型31. No sooner +had + 主语donethan +主语did. 请比较： 主语had + no sooner +donethan +主语did. 如： No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。请比较：I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. 句型32
20、. Hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely +had +主语donewhen / before + 主语did.请比较：主语had +hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely + donewhen / before +主语did. Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。请 比较： She had hardly had supper when she went out. 第17页/共26页 句型33. By the time+从句，主句.（注意时态的变化。）如： By the time you came ba
21、ck, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。 By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时，我将写完这本书了。 句型34. each / every time +从句，主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如： Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨，总是顺便来看看我。 第18页/共26页 七、地点状语从句 句型35.
22、 Where +从句，主句. 如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。 句型36、Anywhere / Wherever+从句，主句. 如： Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。请比较： I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。 第19页/共26页 八、目的状语从句 句型37. 主句in order that / so that +从句.如： I got up
23、 early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。 句型38. 主句for +sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如： He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。 第20页/共26页 九、结果状语从句 句型39. 主句so that+从句. 如： It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很泠，因此河水结冰了。 句型40. So+形容词/ 副词特定动词(助动词或系动
24、词)主语that+从句. So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。 句型41. 主语谓语such+名词that+从句.如： He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他 第21页/共26页 句型42. Such was + 主语that +从句.(这是个倒装句。)如： Such was the force of the explosion that all the windo
25、ws were broken.爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了。 句型43. 主句only +to do sth. (only和动词不定式一起做结果状语)如： I woke up very late only to find that my wife had gone to work. 我醒得很晚，结果发现我的妻子已经上班了。 第22页/共26页 十、比较状语从句 句型44. The +形容词比较级，（主句）the +形容词比较级如： The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。 句型45. 主语谓语as +形容词原级as +被比较的对象
26、. 如： He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。 句型46. 主语谓语the形容词比较级of / between He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。 句型47. 主语谓语倍数as形容词原级as被比较的对象.如： This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。） 第23页/共26页 句型48. 主语谓语百分数/倍数形容词比较级than被比较的对象.如： This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城
27、市大两倍。 The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2001.那个公社的早稻产量是2001年的两倍。 句型49. 主语谓语the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如： Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼是你们大楼的两倍高。 第24页/共26页 十一、其它句型 句型50. It doesnt matter wh-+从句。如： It doesnt matter to me what you will
28、do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。 It doesnt matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。 句型51. 形容词/ 副词 / 名词（可数单数）+as / though +主语谓语，主句.如： Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小，但他知道得很多。 Hard as he works, I am sure that he cant pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格。 第25页/共26页句型52Only +状语特定动词主语谓语 Only by this mean
29、s can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。 Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。 Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时，我才认识到我错了。 句型53 Not only +特定动词主语谓语but also+主语谓语 如： Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利。 句型54whetheror, neithernor, eitheror 如： Whether he will come or not isnt important.他不来不重要。 句型55主语doubtwhether + 从句. 请比较： 主语特定否定词doubtthat从句. 如： I dont doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。第26页/共26页
